Realizations of Real Low-Dimensional Lie Algebras

Using a new powerful technique based on the notion of megaideal, we construct a complete set of inequivalent realizations of real Lie algebras of dimension no greater than four in vector fields on a space of an arbitrary (finite) number of variables. Our classification amends and essentially generalizes earlier works on the subject. Known results on classification of low-dimensional real Lie algebras, their automorphisms, differentiations, ideals, subalgebras and realizations are reviewed.Comment: LaTeX2e, 39 pages. Essentially exetended version. Misprints in Appendix are correcte

Current approaches to quality assessment, non-clinical and clinical studies of dendritic cell vaccines in oncology

At present, personalised cellular immunotherapy is considered a promising approach to the treatment of malignant neoplasms. The effectiveness of these cellular immunotherapy methods is evaluated in the context of clinical and biological tumour characteristics and the state of the immune system of a particular patient. One of the immunotherapy options for cancer is the development of autologous dendritic cell vaccines.The aim of this study was to analyse current methodological approaches to the evaluation of the quality, efficacy, and safety of dendritic cell cancer vaccines.This review describes the functional role of dendritic cells in immune response regulation. The paper presents the results of literature analysis covering current approaches to obtaining dendritic cell vaccines with specific characteristics, quality assessment, studies of the anti-tumour efficacy of cell therapy products, and the experience of conducting non-clinical and clinical studies. The review highlights specific aspects of international experience in the registration and clinical use of cell therapy products. The authors discuss methodological approaches to non-clinical studies of dendritic cell vaccines, which should aim to obtain information to select the dose, route, and mode of administration and to identify immunological markers correlating to the clinical efficacy of cell therapy products. The paper covers international experience in conducting clinical trials of dendritic cell vaccines for various malignant neoplasms. The authors propose a list of quality attributes of human somatic cell-based medicinal products for further clinical use

ОБСЛЕДОВАНИЯ ПОЧВЫ НА ЯЙЦА ГЕЛЬМИНТОВ

The method of research of tests of the soil on eggs of helminths which sur- passes the method of Romanenko offered earlier in the efficiency is offered and can be used in practice and when carrying out scientific researches. This method was applied to inspection of objects of environment of Kazan city and allowed to reveal big impurity eggs of geohelminths. The developed method allowed to reveal in addition about 36 % of eggs of ascarids than on Romanenko's method that is caused by application of several components in flotation liquid: solutions of chlo- ride of zinc and sodium chloride and glycerin. Components of the flotation liquid don't break morphology of eggs of parasites and don't create difficulties with mor- phological identification of the helminthsПредложен метод исследования проб почвы на яйца гельминтов, который превосходит по своей эф- фективности предложенный ранее метод Романенко и может быть использован на практике и при проведе- нии научных исследований. Данный метод был при- менен для обследования объектов внешней среды го- рода Казани и позволил выявить большую загрязнен- ность яйцами геогельминтов. Разработанный метод позволил дополнительно выявить приблизительно 36 % яиц аскарид, чем по методу Романенко, что обу- словлено применением нескольких компонентов в флотационной жидкости: растворов хлорида цинка, хлорида натрия и глицерина. Компоненты предлагае- мой флотационной системы не нарушают морфологию яиц паразитов и не создают затруднений с морфологи- ческой идентификацией возбудител

Block Copolymers of Ethylene Oxide and Propylene Oxide: Prospects for Medical and Pharmaceutical Application in Russia

Block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide (EO/PO block copolymers) are polymeric non-ionic surfactants with a high hydrophilic–lipophilic balance also referred to as pluronics, poloxamers, or proxanols. These compounds are among the most demanded modern excipients for the production of medicines. EO/PO block copolymers are used both in the production of traditional (liquid, semi-solid, and solid) dosage forms and as part of targeted delivery systems. The extensive application of EO/PO block copolymers is due to the diverse array of their properties, including not only solubilising, emulsifying, gelling, and other effects but also thermoreversibility, which is essential for developing in situ delivery systems and 3D printing technologies.The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential of EO/PO block copolymers for medicinal use and to assess the range of medicinal products approved in the Russian Federation that contain EO/PO block copolymers.This review presents an analysis of the register of poloxamer-containing medicines approved in the Russian Federation, a list of the largest manufacturers of EO/PO block copolymers in the world, and a study of the possibility to use copolymers for medical purposes. Currently, there are more than 10 chemical manufacturers producing EO/PO block copolymers for the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and other industries around the world. EO/PO block copolymers are included in more than 60 medicinal products present in the Russian pharmaceutical market; this observation indicates the need to phase out the import of poloxamers

Cовременные подходы к оценке качества, проведению доклинических и клинических исследований дендритно-клеточных вакцин в онкологии

At present, personalised cellular immunotherapy is considered a promising approach to the treatment of malignant neoplasms. The effectiveness of these cellular immunotherapy methods is evaluated in the context of clinical and biological tumour characteristics and the state of the immune system of a particular patient. One of the immunotherapy options for cancer is the development of autologous dendritic cell vaccines.The aim of this study was to analyse current methodological approaches to the evaluation of the quality, efficacy, and safety of dendritic cell cancer vaccines.This review describes the functional role of dendritic cells in immune response regulation. The paper presents the results of literature analysis covering current approaches to obtaining dendritic cell vaccines with specific characteristics, quality assessment, studies of the anti-tumour efficacy of cell therapy products, and the experience of conducting non-clinical and clinical studies. The review highlights specific aspects of international experience in the registration and clinical use of cell therapy products. The authors discuss methodological approaches to non-clinical studies of dendritic cell vaccines, which should aim to obtain information to select the dose, route, and mode of administration and to identify immunological markers correlating to the clinical efficacy of cell therapy products. The paper covers international experience in conducting clinical trials of dendritic cell vaccines for various malignant neoplasms. The authors propose a list of quality attributes of human somatic cell-based medicinal products for further clinical use.На сегодняшний день применение персонализированных методов клеточной иммунотерапии злокачественных новообразований рассматривается как перспективный подход к лечению опухолей, а эффективность этих методов оценивается в контексте клинико-биологических характеристик опухоли и состояния иммунной системы конкретного пациента. Одним из вариантов иммунотерапии является разработка аутологичных противоопухолевых вакцин на основе дендритных клеток.Цель работы — анализ современных методологических подходов к оценке качества, эффективности и безопасности противоопухолевых вакцин на основе дендритных клеток.В обзоре приведено описание функциональной роли дендритных клеток в регуляции иммунного ответа, а также проведен анализ данных литературы, посвященных современным подходам получения дендритно-клеточных вакцин с заданными характеристиками, оценке качества, изучению противоопухолевой эффективности клеточного препарата, а также опыту проведения доклинических и клинических исследований. Освещены специфические аспекты международного опыта регистрации и клинического применения клеточных препаратов. В обзоре обсуждены методологические подходы к проведению доклинических исследований дендритно-клеточных вакцин, которые должны быть нацелены на получение сведений для выбора дозы, обоснования пути введения, режима применения клеточных препаратов, а также идентификации иммунологических маркеров, коррелирующих с клинической эффективностью. Рассмотрен международный опыт проведения клинических исследований дендритно-клеточных вакцин при различных злокачественных новообразованиях. Предложен перечень показателей качества клеточных препаратов на основе соматических клеток человека для их дальнейшего использования в клинической практике

Review of the Certification Procedure for Qualified Persons of Manufacturers of Medicines for Human Use in Russia

Scientific relevance. In December 2020, the Russian Federation adopted the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) requirements. This has significantly changed the certification procedure for qualified persons (QPs) of manufacturers of medicinal products for human use in the Russian Federation. To accommodate these changes, the Russian regulatory framework needs further improvement.Aim. This study aimed to review the changes made to the mechanism of state regulation of medicines and to evaluate the impact on the pharmaceutical industry two years after the adoption of the current QP certification procedure.Discussion. This review compares two QP certification procedures established by Order No. 7n of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated 12 January 2021. The first is an abbreviated one for QPs certified under the previous procedure, and the second is an initial one for QPs being certified for the first time, having an expired certificate, or wishing to extend their professional qualification profiles. The article illustrates common mistakes made by certification applicants when preparing their documents. Furthermore, the authors describe the most prevalent knowledge gaps identified by testing. The abbreviated certification procedure ensured a sufficiently smooth transition to the EAEU requirements. For example, by 1 February 2023, 506 QPs were recertified for the next five-year period according to this procedure. This accounts for slightly more than half of all QPs certified in the Russian Federation according to the previous requirements. The total number of QPs certified according to the EAEU requirements in Russia in 2021–2022 is approximately 1.5 times higher than the number of QPs certified during the same period in 2014–2015.Conclusions. The updated procedure for QP certification has noticeably changed the occupational group of QPs formed in the Russian Federation in the last decade. The implementation of the new QP certification procedure has revealed several procedural issues that require additional explanation and clarification by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Аналитический обзор процедуры аттестации уполномоченных лиц производителей лекарственных средств для медицинского применения в России

Scientific relevance. In December 2020, the Russian Federation adopted the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) requirements. This has significantly changed the certification procedure for qualified persons (QPs) of manufacturers of medicinal products for human use in the Russian Federation. To accommodate these changes, the Russian regulatory framework needs further improvement.Aim. This study aimed to review the changes made to the mechanism of state regulation of medicines and to evaluate the impact on the pharmaceutical industry two years after the adoption of the current QP certification procedure.Discussion. This review compares two QP certification procedures established by Order No. 7n of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated 12 January 2021. The first is an abbreviated one for QPs certified under the previous procedure, and the second is an initial one for QPs being certified for the first time, having an expired certificate, or wishing to extend their professional qualification profiles. The article illustrates common mistakes made by certification applicants when preparing their documents. Furthermore, the authors describe the most prevalent knowledge gaps identified by testing. The abbreviated certification procedure ensured a sufficiently smooth transition to the EAEU requirements. For example, by 1 February 2023, 506 QPs were recertified for the next five-year period according to this procedure. This accounts for slightly more than half of all QPs certified in the Russian Federation according to the previous requirements. The total number of QPs certified according to the EAEU requirements in Russia in 2021–2022 is approximately 1.5 times higher than the number of QPs certified during the same period in 2014–2015.Conclusions. The updated procedure for QP certification has noticeably changed the occupational group of QPs formed in the Russian Federation in the last decade. The implementation of the new QP certification procedure has revealed several procedural issues that require additional explanation and clarification by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.Актуальность. Порядок аттестации уполномоченных лиц производителей лекарственных средств для медицинского применения (УЛ) с декабря 2020 г. претерпел существенные изменения в связи с переходом на требования Евразийского экономического союза (ЕАЭС). Актуальной является необходимость дальнейшего совершенствования соответствующей нормативной базы в российском законодательстве.Цель. Анализ изменений в механизме государственного регулирования сферы обращения лекарственных средств, произошедших за два года применения нового порядка аттестации уполномоченных лиц, и оценка влияния этих изменений на фармацевтическую отрасль.Обсуждение. Представлены результаты сравнительного анализа двух административных процедур аттестации УЛ, установленных приказом Минздрава России от 12.01.2021 № 7н: ускоренной (для УЛ, аттестованных ранее) и первичной (для УЛ, аттестуемых впервые; для УЛ, срок действия аттестации которых истек; в случае необходимости расширения производственных специализаций УЛ). Приведены типичные ошибки заявителей при оформлении документов, описаны наиболее распространенные пробелы знаний заявителей, выявляемые при тестовом контроле. Отмечено, что использование ускоренной процедуры аттестации позволило достаточно плавно осуществить переход на требования к УЛ в ЕАЭС. Так, по состоянию на 01.02.2023 по данной процедуре на новый пятилетний период было заново аттестовано 506 человек, чуть более половины всех ранее аттестованных УЛ в Российской Федерации. Общее количество аттестованных в качестве УЛ за период 2021–2022 гг. выросло в 1,5 раза в сравнении с таким же периодом в 2014–2015 гг.Выводы. Отмечено, что введение обновленного порядка аттестации в Российской Федерации привело к заметным изменениям сформированной в последнее десятилетие профессиональной группы УЛ. При анализе нормативной базы выявлен ряд процедурных вопросов, которые требуют дополнительных уточнений и разъяснений Минздрава России при применении действующего порядка аттестации УЛ

Examination of soil for the presence of helminths eggs

The method of research of tests of the soil on eggs of helminths which sur- passes the method of Romanenko offered earlier in the efficiency is offered and can be used in practice and when carrying out scientific researches. This method was applied to inspection of objects of environment of Kazan city and allowed to reveal big impurity eggs of geohelminths. The developed method allowed to reveal in addition about 36 % of eggs of ascarids than on Romanenko's method that is caused by application of several components in flotation liquid: solutions of chlo- ride of zinc and sodium chloride and glycerin. Components of the flotation liquid don't break morphology of eggs of parasites and don't create difficulties with mor- phological identification of the helminth

Draft genome sequence data of Lysinibacillus fusiformis strain GM, isolated from potato phyllosphere as a potential probiotic

Here we present the morphological and physiological properties of isolated Lysinibacillus fusiformis strain GM, its draft genome sequence as well as annotation and analysis of its genome. Initial analysis of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, 16S rRNA gene analysis and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization revealed that the strain belongs to the species Lysinibacillus fusiformis. The 4,678,122 bp draft genome consist of 17 scaffolds encoding 4588 proteins and 137 RNAs. Annotation of the genome sequence revealed cellulase and protease encoding genes, genes of adhesion proteins and putative genes responsible for the biosynthesis of antimicrobial metabolites. The Whole Genome Shotgun project has been deposited at DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank under the accession number NTMQ00000000.1 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NZ_NTMQ00000000.1). Keywords: Lysinibacillus fusiformis, Probiotic, Cellulase, Illumina MiSeq, In silico DNA-DNA hybridizatio