Secador de camada fixa com ventilação forçada de ar para castanha-do-brasil com casca: uma alternativa para as comunidades extrativistas.

Esta publicação relata o resultado do trabalho de desenvolvimento de um modelo de secador de camada fixa para a castanha-do-brasil com casca, operando com ar aquecido indiretamente, utilizando sistema de exaustão forçada do ar aquecido, de modo a criar uma condição homogênea de temperatura ao longo do secador

Interação genótipos por ambientes em ensaios de feijoeiro-comum para agricultura familiar em Goiás.

Com a finalidade de orientar o programa de melhoramento do feijoeiro-comum visando ao desenvolvimento de cultivares produtivas e adaptadas ao cultivo familiar, este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a interação de genótipos por ambientes em ensaios de Valor de Cultivo e Uso (VCU). Foram analisados os dados dos ensaios de Valor de Cultivo e Uso (VCU) de feijoeiro-comum implementados em 20 ambientes do Estado de Goiás, conduzidos em dois ciclos (2007/08 e 2009/2010) nas safras da seca, das águas e inverno. Cada ensaio foi constituído por quinze genótipos de feijoeiro-comum dos grupos comerciais carioca, roxo e rosinha. O delineamento utilizado foi de blocos completos casualizados com três repetições. Foi utilizada a metodologia de Annicchiarico (1992) para obter as estimativas dos parâmetros de adaptabilidade e estabilidade das linhagens e cultivares. Os genótipos CNFC 10729, CNFRX 10241 e CNFC 10753 superaram a média dos ambientes em 11,587%; 7,061% e 6,667% respectivamente

Analysis of genetic diversity of Hyptis pectinata (L.) Poit. plants using ISSR markers.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-26T23:44:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Artigo7GMRRosanagmr1603gmr.16039603.pdf: 1478794 bytes, checksum: d02d751f935ebcf252a958022e477f4e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-28bitstream/item/164465/1/Artigo-7-GMR-Rosana-gmr-16-03-gmr.16039603.pd

Health technology performance assessment : real-world evidence for public healthcare sustainability

Objective: Health technology financing is often based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which are often the same ones used for licensing. Since they are designed to show the best possible results with typically Phase III studies conducted under ideal and highly controlled conditions to seek high internal validity and maximize the chance of demonstrating clinical benefit, they often do not reflect likely effectiveness in routine clinical care. Consequently, it is not surprising that technologies do not always perform in real life in the same way as controlled conditions. Since financing (and price paid) decisions can be made with overestimated results, health authorities need to ask whether health systems achieve the results they expect when they choose to pay for a technology. The optimal way to answer this question is to assess the performance of financed technologies in real world settings. Health technology performance assessment (HTpA) refers to the systematic evaluation of the properties, effects, and/or impact of a health intervention or health technology in the real world to provide information for investment/ disinvestment decisions and clinical guideline updates. The objective is to describe the development and principal aspects of the Guideline for HTpA commissioned by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Method: Extensive literature review, refinement with experts across countries and public consultation. Results: A comprehensive guideline was developed, which has been adopted by the Brazilian government. Conclusion: We believe the guideline, with its particular focus on disinvestment, along with the creation of a specific program for HTpA, will allow the institutionalization and continuous improvement of the scientific methods to use real world evidence to optimize available resources not only in Brazil but across countries

Monitoramento técnico in loco para adequação da farinha de mandioca artesanal de Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, à legislação.

A mandioca é a cultura com maior valor de produção no estado do Acre, sendo processada, principalmente, na forma de farinha na Regional do Juruá. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia do monitoramento técnico in loco para a identificação das causas da variação das características físico-químicas da farinha de mandioca, proposição e adoção de ações corretivas. Foram coletadas 79 amostras de farinha de mandioca, em cinco casas de farinha de Cruzeiro do Sul - AC e analisadas em relação à umidade, cinzas, fibra bruta total, acidez titulável, amido e classificação. Foram realizados três encontros com os agricultores (devolutivas/tratamentos) para identificar as causas e propor ações corretivas. Os dados foram analisados segundo estatística descritiva. Os valores médios observados para as variáveis físico-químicas encontram-se de acordo com os padrões estabelecidos pelo MAPA para os teores de umidade, de cinzas e de fibras, embora com muita variação para umidade, fibras e acidez. A realização das devolutivas promoveu expressiva melhoria na qualidade da farinha em relação à classificação por tipos, demonstrando a eficácia do monitoramento técnico in loco na adoção de medidas de controle de qualidade do produto.Editores: Luciélio Manoel da Silva; Paulo Guilherme Salvador Wadt; Karina Thais Lima Buriti; Elaine Almeida Delarmelinda Honoré; Marcos Gervasio Pereira

Secador estacionário a ar aquecido forçado artificialmente: inovação tecnológica na secagem de sementes de castanheira-da-amazônia (Bertholletia excelsa).

Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl., também conhecida como castanheira-do-brasil, castanheira-do-pará e castanheira-da-amazônia, é uma árvore que ocorre naturalmente em grande parte da Amazônia. Entretanto, a presença de aflatoxinas B1, B2, G1 e G2 de Aspergillus spp. em amostras de castanha-do-brasil com casca e sem casca, em níveis superiores àqueles considerados seguros por países importadores, tem limitado as exportações desse produto, além de restringir o mercado interno. A presença dessas aflatoxinas nas castanhas depende da infecção e colonização dos tecidos da semente por fungos Aspergillus spp. Níveis de fatores ambientais próximos aos favoráveis à produção de aflatoxinas são encontrados na Floresta Amazônica, durante a época de queda dos frutos e colheita das sementes, devido ao clima equatorial úmido com temperatura média de 26 °C e umidade relativa do ar entre 80% e 95%. Desse modo, a secagem de sementes destinadas à alimentação humana que se encontram naturalmente com alto teor de umidade é fundamental para evitar a alta incidência de sementes colonizadas por fungos potenciais produtores de aflatoxinas. Com o objetivo de disponibilizar uma tecnologia propícia para a secagem de sementes no local de coleta que tiver energia hidroelétrica ou por motor estacionário, foi estudada na Embrapa Acre a eficiência de três secadores de sementes de castanheira-da-amazônia, sendo dois por convecção natural de ar à sombra e ao sol, respectivamente, e um secador a ar aquecido forçado artificialmente (SAAA).bitstream/item/30874/1/COT-174.pd

Characterization of Aspergillus species on Brazil nut from the Brazilian Amazonian region and development of a PCR assay for identification at the genus level.

Brazil nut is a protein-rich extractivist tree crop in the Amazon region. Fungal contamination of shells and kernel material frequently includes the presence of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus species from the section Flavi. Aflatoxins are polyketide secondary metabolites, which are hepatotoxic carcinogens in mammals. The objectives of this study were to identify Aspergillus species occurring on Brazil nut grown in different states in the Brazilian Amazon region and develop a specific PCR method for collective identification of member species of the genus Aspergillus. Results:Polyphasic identification of 137 Aspergillus strains isolated from Brazil nut shell material from cooperatives across the Brazilian Amazon states of Acre, Amapá and Amazonas revealed five species, with Aspergillus section Flavi species A. nomius and A. flavus the most abundant. PCR primers ASP_GEN_MTSSU_F1 and ASP_GEN_MTSSU_R1 were designed for the genus Aspergillus, targeting a portion of the mitochondrial small subunit ribosomal RNA gene. Primer specificity was validated through both electronic PCR against target gene sequences at Genbank and in PCR reactions against DNA from Aspergillus species and other fungal genera common on Brazil nut. Collective differentiation of the observed section Flavi species A. flavus, A. nomius and A. tamarii from other Aspergillus species was possible on the basis of RFLP polymorphism. Conclusions:Given the abundance of Aspergillus section Flavi species A. nomius and A. flavus observed on Brazil nut, and associated risk of mycotoxin accumulation, simple identification methods for such mycotoxigenic species are of importance for Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point system implementation. The assay for the genus Aspergillus represents progress towards specific PCR identification and detection of mycotoxigenic species

Sprouty2 mediated tuning of signalling is essential for somite myogenesis

Background: Negative regulators of signal transduction cascades play critical roles in controlling different aspects of normal embryonic development. Sprouty2 (Spry2) negatively regulates receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) and FGF signalling and is important in differentiation, cell migration and proliferation. In vertebrate embryos, Spry2 is expressed in paraxial mesoderm and in forming somites. Expression is maintained in the myotome until late stages of somite differentiation. However, its role and mode of action during somite myogenesis is still unclear. Results: Here, we analysed chick Spry2 expression and showed that it overlaps with that of myogenic regulatory factors MyoD and Mgn. Targeted mis-expression of Spry2 led to inhibition of myogenesis, whilst its C-terminal domain led to an increased number of myogenic cells by stimulating cell proliferation. Conclusions: Spry2 is expressed in somite myotomes and its expression overlaps with myogenic regulatory factors. Overexpression and dominant-negative interference showed that Spry2 plays a crucial role in regulating chick myogenesis by fine tuning of FGF signaling through a negative feedback loop. We also propose that mir-23, mir-27 and mir-128 could be part of the negative feedback loop mechanism. Our analysis is the first to shed some light on in vivo Spry2 function during chick somite myogenesis

Statin use in Brazil : findings and implications

Introduction and objectives: Stains have become an integral part of treatment to reduce cardiac events in patients with cardiovascular disease. However, their use within the public healthcare system in Brazil is unknown. Consequently, we sought to determine and characterize statin use in primary healthcare delivered by the public health system (SUS) in Brazil and evaluate associated patient factors to improve future use. Methods: Cross-sectional study with a national representative sample from five Brazilian regions, derived from the National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines using a multi-stage complex sampling plan. Patients over 18 years old were interviewed from July/2014 to May/2015. Prevalence of statin use and statins’ self-reported adherence were determined amongst medicine users. The association between statin use and sociodemographic/health condition variables were assessed using logistic regression. Results: 8,803 patients were interviewed; of which, 6,511 were medicines users. The prevalence of statins use was 9.4% with simvastatin (90.3%), atorvastatin (4.7%) and rosuvastatin (1.9%) the most used statins. Poor adherence was described by 6.5% of patients. Statins use was significantly associated with age ≥65 years old, higher educational level, residence in the South, metabolic and heart diseases, alcohol consumption and polypharmacy. Conclusions: This is the first population based study in Brazil to assess statin use in SUS primary healthcare patients. Addressing inequalities in access and use of medicines including statins is an important step in achieving the full benefit of statins in Brazil, with the findings guiding future research and policies