Effects of olive scale (Parlatoria oleae (Colvée)) attack on yield, quality and fatty acid profile of virgin olive oil

Olive scale (Parlatoria oleae (Colvée)) is a common pest in Mediterranean olive orchards which primarily causes damage on olive fruits. The quality of virgin olive oil is strongly related to the health status of the olive fruits from which is extracted. In this paper the effects of olive scale (Parlatoria oleae (Colvée)) attack on the oil yield, chemical and sensorial quality, as well as on the fatty acid profile of virgin olive oil were studied. Olive fruits (Olea europea L.) from Bova cultivar (Istria, Croatia) were collected and divided into different groups according to the presence or absence of infestation by the olive scale. Olive scale attack did not induce ripening process nor stimulate oil synthesis in the infested fruits. Healthy and infested fruit groups were processed separately to produce corresponding olive oils. As regards the oil acidity, the oil samples obtained from infested fruits had similar values as samples obtained from healthy fruits. However, olive scale attack led to slight oxidative deterioration of oil, but had no effect on sensory characteristics of obtained olive oils. Fatty acid profile was slightly affected by olive scale attack: an increase of linoleic (about 13 %) and palmitoleic acid (about 8 %), but a decrease of oleic (about 3 %) and stearic acid (about 4 %) in oils obtained from infested fruits was detected. Oleic to linoleic ratio was lower in oils obtained from infested fruits indicating its lower oxidative stability

High fidelity simulations of ion trajectories in miniature ion traps using the boundary-element method

In this paper we present numerical modeling results for endcap and linear ion traps, used for experiments at the National Physical Laboratory in the UK and Innsbruck University respectively. The secular frequencies for Strontium-88 and Calcium-40 ions were calculated from ion trajectories, simulated using boundary-element and finite-difference numerical methods. The results were compared against experimental measurements. Both numerical methods showed high accuracy with boundary-element method being more accurate. Such simulations can be useful tools for designing new traps and trap arrays. They can also be used for obtaining precise trapping parameters for desired ion control when no analytical approach is possible as well as for investigating the ion heating rates due to thermal electronic noise.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, changes made to the text according to the editor's and referee's comment

Uticaj genotipa i godine na osobine performans testiranih nazimica

Objective of this research was to establish the effect of animal genotype, year of measuring and birth on traits of performance tested gilts: age at the end of the test (AET), life daily gain (LDG), back fat thickness 1 and 2 (BFT1 and BFT2), depth of back muscle (MLD) and assessed share of meat in carcass. Of total number of animals (n=3600) included in the research, 1709 animals were of genotype SL and 1891 of genotype ♀SLx♂LY. In regard to the birth year of tested gilts, the distribution was following: n2006=296, n2007=895, n2008=934, n2009=803, n2010=589 and n2011=83 gilts. In regard to testing year, the distribution of gilts was as follows: n2007=682, n2008=875, n2009=962, n2010=697 and n2011=384 gilts. The effects of test year and birth year were established (P (lt) 0.001) for all studied traits, whereas the effect of genotype was not established (P>0.05).Cilj ovog istraživanja je da se utvrdi uticaj genotipa grla, godine merenja i rođenja grla na osobine performans testiranih nazimica: uzrast na kraju testa (UKT), životni dnevni prirast (ŽDP), debljina slanine 1 i 2 (DSL1 i DSL2), dubina leđnog mišića (MLD) i procenjeni udeo mesa u trupu. Od ukupnog broja (n=3600) istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno 1709 grla genotipa ŠL i 1891 grla genotipa ♀ŠLx♂VJ. Po godini rođenja testiranih nazimica distribucija je bila sledeća: n2006=296, n2007=895, n2008=934, n2009=803, n2010=589 i n2011=83 nazimice. Dok je po godinama testiranja distribucija nazimica bila sledeća: n2007=682, n2008=875, n2009=962, n2010=697 i n2011=384 nazimice. Za sve ispitivane osobine utvrđen je uticaj godine merenja i godine rođenja (P (lt) 0.001) dok uticaj genotipa nije utvrđen (P>0.05)

Heritabilitet, fenotipske i genetske korelacije intenziteta porasta i mesnatosti svinja

The five year study included two genotypes of gilts of performance tested gilts, Swedish landrace and crosses F1 generation SLxLY. Of total number (n=3600), 1709 animals were genotype SL and 1891 animals were genotype SLxLY. Measuring of back fat thickness in the loin part (FT1), between 3rd and 4th lumbar vertebrae, 7cm laterally to the back line; back fat thickness (FT2) and depth of the musculus longissimus dorsi (MLD) between the 3rd and 4th rib from the rear, 7cm laterally to the back line. Assessment of meat yield was done using the ultrasonograph apparatus Piglog 105. In regard to meat yield indicators, medium heritability values were established for FT1 h2=0.461, and high values for FT2 h2=0.639, and for meat yield h2=0.633. Low heritability was established for depth of MLD (h2=0.105), life daily gain (h2=0.110) and age at the end of test (h2=0.103). Established phenotypic correlations between fat thickness FT1 and FT2 were strong (rp=0.638); between fat thickness and meat yield very strong (rp=-0.880 to -0.895), and between fat thickness and MLD very weak and negative (rg=-0.103 to -0.216). Genetic correlations were stronger than phenotypic, so between fat thickness FT1 and FT2 the correlation was complete/full (rg=0.930), also between fat thickness and meat yield (rg=-0.979 to -0.982), whereas the correlation between fat thickness and MLD was strong and negative (rg=-0.627 to -0.653). Heritability values for fat thickness and meat yield show that these traits have high level of heritability and are transfered to the progeny, whereas the level and strength of their dependance show that by decreasing the fat thickness positive influences is exhibited on meat yield, and that by increasing of depth of MLD also the meat yield is increased.Petogodišnjim istraživanjem su bila obuhvaćena dva genotipa nazimica švedski landras i melezi F1 generacije ŠLxVJ. Od ukupnog broja (n=3600) istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno 1709 grla genotipa ŠL i 1891 grla genotipa ŠLxVJ. Merenje debljine leđne slanine i dubine musculus longissimus dorsi (MLD) i procena mesnatosti je obavljeno ultrazvučnim aparatom Piglog 105. Za pokazatelje mesnatosti utvrđeni su srednji heritabiliteti za SL1 h2=0,461, a visoki za SL2 h2=0,639, i za mesnatost h2=0,633. Nizak heritabilitet utvrđen je za dubinu MLD-a (h2=0,105), životni dnevni prirast (h2=0,110) i za uzrast (h2=0,103). Utvrđene fenotipske korelacije između debljine slanine SL1 i SL2 su jake (rp=0,638); između debljine slanine i mesnatosti korelacije su vrlo jake (rp=-0,880 do -0,895), dok su između debljine slanine i MLD-a jako slabe i negativne (rg=-0,103 do -0,216). Genetske korelacije su jače od fenotipskih, tako da je između debljine slanine korelacija potpuna (rg=0,930), kao i između debljine slanine i mesnatosti (rg=-0,979 do -0,982), dok je korelacija jaka i negativna između debljine slanine i MLD-a (rg=-0,627 do -0,653). PR Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR 31081

Spatially-resolved potential measurement with ion crystals

We present a method to measure potentials over an extended region using one-dimensional ion crystals in a radio frequency (RF) ion trap. The equilibrium spacings of the ions within the crystal allow the determination of the external forces acting at each point. From this the overall potential, and also potentials due to specific trap features, are calculated. The method can be used to probe potentials near proximal objects in real time, and can be generalized to higher dimensions.Comment: 7 pages (double spaced), 3 figure

Effects of olive scale (Parlatoria oleae (Colvée)) attack on yield, quality and fatty acid profile of virgin olive oil

Olive scale (Parlatoria oleae (Colvée)) is a common pest in Mediterranean olive orchards which primarily causes damage on olive fruits. The quality of virgin olive oil is strongly related to the health status of the olive fruits from which is extracted. In this paper the effects of olive scale (Parlatoria oleae (Colvée)) attack on the oil yield, chemical and sensorial quality, as well as on the fatty acid profile of virgin olive oil were studied. Olive fruits (Olea europea L.) from Bova cultivar (Istria, Croatia) were collected and divided into different groups according to the presence or absence of infestation by the olive scale. Olive scale attack did not induce ripening process nor stimulate oil synthesis in the infested fruits. Healthy and infested fruit groups were processed separately to produce corresponding olive oils. As regards the oil acidity, the oil samples obtained from infested fruits had similar values as samples obtained from healthy fruits. However, olive scale attack led to slight oxidative deterioration of oil, but had no effect on sensory characteristics of obtained olive oils. Fatty acid profile was slightly affected by olive scale attack: an increase of linoleic (about 13 %) and palmitoleic acid (about 8 %), but a decrease of oleic (about 3 %) and stearic acid (about 4 %) in oils obtained from infested fruits was detected. Oleic to linoleic ratio was lower in oils obtained from infested fruits indicating its lower oxidative stability

A planner for All-Terrain Vehicles on unknown rough terrains based on the MPC paradigm and D*-like algorithm

A novel conceptual design of a planner for a mobile vehicle, operating on poorly traversable unknown rough terrains, is discussed. Finding a way to include a vehicle model into the planning stage, while coping with unknown or partially known terrains, is a challenging and rarely addressed optimization setup. The main advantages of a possible solution of such a problem would be twofold. First, the planner would give trajectories which are feasible to follow by the vehicle, which is not the case in many other state of the art planning algorithms especially for large vehicle speeds. Second, those trajectories would be the optimal ones in accordance to the current vehicle states and knowledge on its environment. We propose a solution based on an MPC planning paradigm, wherein the planner solves a constrained optimal control problem at each time instant using the current knowledge on the terrain, which is caught appropriately by an objective function. Solving an optimal control problem allows for the vehicle model being included into the planning stage, while the repeated optimization allows for taking continuously into account new terrain information. To deal with the information given beyond the sensor range and to guarantee reaching a given goal position, we have adopted a D∗-like algorithm for rough terrains being used as a cost-to-go term within the optimization setup

Quality system organization and quality tools

Pun efekat primene alata kvaliteta zahteva pravilan izbor i međusobnu koordinaciju alata kvaliteta, pa su stoga u radu najpre definisani relevantni alati kvaliteta. Na izbor i primenu alata kvaliteta utiče veliki broj faktora, organizacionog i tehničkog karaktera, pa su, u radu date osnovne postavke za projektovanje, odnosno organizaciono strukturiranje sistema kvaliteta, koje se oslanjaju na opšte principe projektovanja organizacije, a prema kojima je predložen model za projektovanja organizacione strukture sistema kvaliteta. Konačno, predložena je i klasifikacija alata kvaliteta prema primeni u radnim sistemima preduzeća koja se može smatrati i smernicama za njihovu primenu u praksi.Full effect of quality tools application needs it’s adequate choice and coordination, for that reason, in this paper, relevant quality tools are defined. Quality tools choice and application are influenced by many organizational and technical factors, then are given basic premises for quality system’s design, that are based on organization design’s principles and, according to them is proposed model for quality system’s structure design. Finally, there is proposed, among other, classification of quality tools deployment according to application in organization functions, that also presents a recommended way for application

Reliability-based criterion for evaluating explicit approximations of Colebrook equation

Numerous explicit approximations of the Colebrook equation have been developed and evaluated based on two criteria: prediction accuracy and computational efficiency. This paper introduces a new evaluation criterion based on the reliability of each equation. The reliability is defined by the coefficient of variation (CV) of the explicit friction factor that is a function of the variabilities of component random variables (roughness height of the internal pipe surface and kinematic viscosity of the fluid). The coefficient of variation of the friction factor depends on its first derivative for roughness height of the inner pipe surface and kinematic viscosity of the fluid and their correlation. Seven explicit approximations were evaluated using the new reliability-based criterion. The results show that all explicit approximations are very reliable, but variations exist regarding the reliability level. The reliabilities of the seven approximations is very close for the rough-flow regime and when the CV of the viscosity is minimal. However, for the smooth-flow regime, and when the CV of the roughness is minimal, various approximations showed substantially different reliabilities. The novelty of the proposed criterion is that it addresses an evaluation dimension that complements the accuracy and efficiency criteria.Web of Science106art. no. 80

Quality system organization and quality tools

Pun efekat primene alata kvaliteta zahteva pravilan izbor i međusobnu koordinaciju alata kvaliteta, pa su stoga u radu najpre definisani relevantni alati kvaliteta. Na izbor i primenu alata kvaliteta utiče veliki broj faktora, organizacionog i tehničkog karaktera, pa su, u radu date osnovne postavke za projektovanje, odnosno organizaciono strukturiranje sistema kvaliteta, koje se oslanjaju na opšte principe projektovanja organizacije, a prema kojima je predložen model za projektovanja organizacione strukture sistema kvaliteta. Konačno, predložena je i klasifikacija alata kvaliteta prema primeni u radnim sistemima preduzeća koja se može smatrati i smernicama za njihovu primenu u praksi.Full effect of quality tools application needs it’s adequate choice and coordination, for that reason, in this paper, relevant quality tools are defined. Quality tools choice and application are influenced by many organizational and technical factors, then are given basic premises for quality system’s design, that are based on organization design’s principles and, according to them is proposed model for quality system’s structure design. Finally, there is proposed, among other, classification of quality tools deployment according to application in organization functions, that also presents a recommended way for application