Factores determinantes de la estancia inadecuada en un hospital de tercer nivel Factors determining inappropriate days of stay in a third-level hospital

Introducción: Identificar los factores asociados a un mayor riesgo de estancias inadecuadas. Material y método: Se calcularon las tasas crudas y ajustadas de inadecuación mediante regresión binomial negativa, obteniéndose los riesgos relativos para distintas variables. La recogida de datos se realizó mediante el Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol. Resultados: El 34,17% (intervalo de confianza del 95%, 33,28-35,08) de las estancias fueron inadecuadas. Las mujeres, los mayores de 65 años, los ingresos programados y las estancias en servicios médicos tuvieron más riesgo de inadecuación. La ausencia en la historia clínica de un seguimiento continuado del paciente incrementa el riesgo de inadecuación un 36%. Conclusiones: La ausencia de un registro continuado de la evolución clínica del paciente es un factor que incrementa el riesgo de estancias inadecuadas. La utilización de la binomial negativa es una alternativa válida y sencilla para el análisis de este tipo de fenómenos.<br>Background: To identify the factors associated with a higher risk of inappropriate days of stay. Material and method: Crude and adjusted inappropriateness rates were calculated using negative binomial regression to obtain information about the relative risk of each variable. The Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol (AEP) was applied to collect information about patients' hospital stays. Results: A total of 34.17% (95%CI, 33.28-35.08) of the stays were inappropriate. Women, age older than 65 years, elective admission, and stays in medical services showed the highest inappropriateness risk. Lack of correct patient follow-up in the medical record increased the risk of inappropriateness to 36%. Conclusions: Lack of continual registration of the patient's clinical course increased the risk of inappropriate days of stay in the hospital. The use of the negative binomial is a valid and simple option for analysis of this type of phenomenon

MIC of amoxicillin/clavulanate according to CLSI and EUCAST: Discrepancies and clinical impact in patients with bloodstream infections due to Enterobacteriaceae

Objectives: To compare results of amoxicillin/clavulanate susceptibility testing using CLSI and EUCAST methodologies and to evaluate their impact on outcome in patients with bacteraemia caused by Enterobacteriaceae. Patients and methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted in 13 Spanish hospitals. Patients with bacteraemia due to Enterobacteriaceae who received empirical intravenous amoxicillin/clavulanate treatment for at least 48h were included. MICs were determined following CLSI and EUCAST recommendations. Outcome variables were: failure at the end of treatment with amoxicillin/clavulanate (FEAMC); failure at day 21; and 30 day mortality. Classification and regression tree (CART) analysis and logistic regression were performed. Results: Overall, 264 episodes were included; the urinary tract was the most common source (64.7%) and Escherichia coli themost frequent pathogen (76.5%). Fifty-two isolates (19.7%) showed resistance according to CLSI and 141 (53.4%) according to EUCAST. The kappa index for the concordance between the results of both committees was only 0.24. EUCAST-derived, but not CLSI-derived, MICs were associated with failure when considered as continuous variables. CART analysis suggested a 'resistance' breakpoint of > 8/4mg/L for CLSI-derived MICs; it predicted FEAMC in adjusted analysis (OR=1.96; 95% CI: 0.98-3.90). Isolates with EUCAST-derived MICs > 16/2 mg/L independently predicted FEAMC (OR=2.10; 95%CI: 1.05-4.21) and failure at day 21 (OR=3.01; 95%CI: 0.93-9.67).MICs.32/2mg/Lwere only predictive of failure among patientswith bacteraemia from urinary or biliary tract sources. Conclusions: CLSI and EUCAST methodologies showed low agreement for determining the MIC of amoxicillin/clavulanate. EUCAST-derived MICs seemed more predictive of failure than CLSI-derived ones. EUCAST-derived MICs > 16/2 mg/L were independently associated with therapeutic failure