Effect of nanosilver particles on hatchability of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) egg and survival of the produced larvae

Effect of nanosilver particles was studied on the hatchability of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) egg and survival of the produced larvae at about 12ºC. In the first experiment the water-based nanosilver particles was used at concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 mgL^-1 for 30 minutes per day starting 24 hour post egg incubation until the hatching time. The mean percentage of hatchability reached in 27.6±0.2, 38.2±0.1, 41.6±0.4 and 48.6±1.5 in troughs treated with 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 mgL^-1 nanocid, respectively compared with 64.7±0.2 % for trough treated with malachite green at 2 mgL^-1 as positive control (P0.05). These data suggest a possible application of nanosilver particles in aquaculture sector particularly using incubator troughs of trout containing nanosilver materials

Partons as unique ground states of quantum Hall parent Hamiltonians: The case of Fibonacci anyons

We present microscopic, multiple Landau level, (frustration-free and positive semi-definite) parent Hamiltonians whose ground states, realizing different quantum Hall fluids, are parton-like and whose excitations display either Abelian or non-Abelian braiding statistics. We prove ground state energy monotonicity theorems for systems with different particle numbers, demonstrate S-duality in the case of toroidal geometry and establish an exact zero-energy mode counting. The emergent Entangled Pauli Principle, introduced in Phys. Rev. B 98, 161118(R) (2018) and which defines the "DNA" of the quantum Hall fluid, is behind the exact determination of the topological characteristics of the fluid, including charge and braiding statistics of excitations, and effective edge theory descriptions. When the closed-shell condition is satisfied, the densest (i.e., the highest density and lowest total angular momentum) zero-energy mode is a unique parton state. As a corollary, it follows that the Moore-Read Pfaffian and Read-Rezayi states (both of which may be expressed as linear combinations of parton-like states) cannot be densest ground states of two-body parent Hamiltonians. We conjecture, based on the algebra of polynomials in holomormorphic and anti-holomorphic complex variables, that parton-like states span the subspace of many-body wave functions with the two-body $M$-clustering property, that is, wave functions with $M$th-order coincidence plane zeroes. We illustrate our framework by presenting a parent Hamiltonian whose excitations are rigorously proven to be Fibonacci anyons and show how to extract the DNA of the fluid whose entanglement pattern manifests in the form of a matrix product state.Comment: 49 pages, 17 figure

Analysis of relationships between altitude and distance from volcano with Stomach Cancer incidence using a geographic information system

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer in the world, with a wide variation in incidence rates across different geographical areas. In Iran GC is the most common cancer in males and it is reported to be the third most prevalent after breast and colorectal in females. A geographical information system (GIS) allows investigation of the geographical distribution of diseases. The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship between gastric cancer and effective climatic factors using GIS. The dispersion distribution and the relationship between environmental factors effective on cancer were measured using Arc GIS. Of all cases, 672 (73.8) were in males with a sex ratio of 3 to1. The highest incidence by cities was seen in Namin with 137.5 per 100,000. The results of this study showed that the distribution of GC around the Sabalan volcanic mountain was significantly higher than other places in the same province. These results can be considered as a window to future comprehensive research on gastric cancer

Point Mutations on Mitochondrial DNA in Iranian Patients with Friedreich’s Ataxia

ObjectiveMitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is considered a candidate modifier factor for neuro-degenerative disorders. The most common type of ataxia is Friedreich's ataxia (FA). The aim of this study was to investigate different parts of mtDNA in 20 Iranian FA patients and 80 age-matched controls by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and automated DNA sequencing methods to find any probable point mutations involved in the pathogenesis of FA.Materials and MethodsWe identified 13 nucleotide substitutions including A3505G, T3335C, G3421A, G8251A, A8563G, A8563G, G8584A, T8614C, T8598C, C8684T, A8701G, G8994A and A9024G.ResultsTwelve of 13 nucleotide substitutions had already been reported as polymorphism. One of the nucleotide substitutions (A9024G) had not been reported before. The A9024G nucleotide substitution does not change its amino acid. The controls were also investigated for this polymorphism which was found in two of them (2.5%).ConclusionNone of the mutations found in this study can affect the clinical manifestations of FA. This survey also provides evidence that the mtDNA A9024G allele is a new nonpathogenic polymorphism. We suggest follow-up studies for this polymorphism in different populations.

Prevalence of Zoonotic Intestinal Helminths of Canids in Moghan Plain, Northwestern Iran

Background: The present study was aimed to elucidate the status of intestinal hel­minth infec­tions in canids of Moghan Plain, northwestern Iran.Methods: Eighty-five intestine samples from dead or shot wild canids, 59 fecal samples from sheepdogs and 5 from red foxes were collected from 2006 to 2008 and examined in Parasitology department of Pasteur Institute of Iran.Results: Generally, adult worms, larvae, and eggs of 13 species of various parasitic hel­minths were recovered. Necropsy examinations showed that 96.47% animals harbored at least one helminth species. The prevalence of different species in necropsy were Mesoces­toides sp. 84.7%, Rictolaria spp. 55.3%, Macranthorhynchus hirudinaceus 45.9%, Toxocara canis 43.5%, Toxas­caris spp. 35.3%, Joyeuxiella sp. 34.1%; hook­worms; 22.4%, Taenia spp. 11.8%, Alaria spp. 2.4% and Dipylidium caninum 1.2%. Be­sides, eggs belonging to 10 species of parasitic helminths were identified in 46 fecal sam­ples and generally, 30.9% of samples harbored eggs of at least one helminth species.Conclusion: The high prevalence of various helminth infections among canids in Mog­han plain and contamination of environment by helminths eggs may increase the risk of infection for native peo­ple

Isolation and characterization of bacterial agents associated of wetwood disease on elm trees in Iran

Elm trees (Ulmus spp.) are one of the most widespread landscape plants, widely used as ornamental trees to embellish parks and streets of different countries including Iran. Elm trees cultivation is seriously limited by biotic factors such as bacterial pathogens. Recently, bacterial wetwood has been identified as a common disease on elm trees in Northwest Iran. In present study, in order to identify bacterial pathogens associated with elm trees, wetwood infected samples were collected from elm trees showing wetwood symptom across Tabriz city and immediately transferred to the lab. After isolation and purification of isolates, hypersensitive reaction (HR), pathogenicity, biochemical and molecular tests were used to characterize the isolates. In total of 92 isolates obtained, 32 and 10 isolates were able to induce HR and wetwood symptoms on tobacco leaves and young branches of elm, respectively. Based on biochemical and molecular tests, the identity of the isolates studied were determined as Brevundimonas bullata, Paracoccus alcaliphilus, P. marcusii and Luteimonas aestuarii. To the best of our knowledge, this study shows that these four bacterial species here reported are responsible for the causal agent-complex of wetwood disease on elm trees for the first time in the world

Co-infection with bacterial and fungal endocarditis at scar tissue in an immunocompromised patient

We present the case of a 65-year-old immunocompromised male with a history of kidney transplantation, diabetes, coronary artery bypass, and cardiac resynchronization therapy device implantation who was finally diagnosed with an unusual form of infective endocarditis due to co-infection of fungal and bacterial pathogens. He was afebrile at the time of admission and presented with decompensated heart failure and pneumonia. A spleen abscess was discovered incidentally and prompted us to search for a cardiac source of emboli. Culture of the suppurative fluid drained percutaneously from the abscess was positive for Enterococcus and Aspergillus species. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography revealed a mobile vegetation attached to the scarred myocardium of anterior septum � an unusual location for intracardiac vegetations. With regard to the prohibitive risk for redo surgery, the patient was managed medically with broad spectrum antimicrobial therapy. Finally, the patient died with severe sepsis. © 2018 Japanese College of Cardiolog