65,269 research outputs found
Longwave spectral dependence of emission from warm dust clouds
Observations of the continuum emission from warm dust clouds at 230 GHz, or 1300 microns, enables the determination of the frequency dependence of the optically thin longwave emission. Integrating the emission over the solid angle of the clouds gives a flux independent of the beam size and of the internal temperature structure of the clouds. The frequency resolving power of 64 allows the correction of these fluxes for the contribution of free-free emission from nearby H II regions at a price of reduced sensitivity. These observations were combined with similar observations made by others in the submillimeter and far infrared regimes to determine the continuum spectra of the dust clouds. Mean characteristics were determined for these clouds, fitting the spectra with simple transfer equations. Results are briefly discussed
Oxidation of glucose by iodine in the presence of insulin
This investigation was undertaken with the purpose of determining whether insulin, alone or in the presence of certain animal fluids, has any influence upon glucose in vitro. The establishment of such an influence might have much significance in relation both to the study of carbohydrate metabolism and to the development of methods of assaying insulin
Development of an Advanced Force Field for Water using Variational Energy Decomposition Analysis
Given the piecewise approach to modeling intermolecular interactions for
force fields, they can be difficult to parameterize since they are fit to data
like total energies that only indirectly connect to their separable functional
forms. Furthermore, by neglecting certain types of molecular interactions such
as charge penetration and charge transfer, most classical force fields must
rely on, but do not always demonstrate, how cancellation of errors occurs among
the remaining molecular interactions accounted for such as exchange repulsion,
electrostatics, and polarization. In this work we present the first generation
of the (many-body) MB-UCB force field that explicitly accounts for the
decomposed molecular interactions commensurate with a variational energy
decomposition analysis, including charge transfer, with force field design
choices that reduce the computational expense of the MB-UCB potential while
remaining accurate. We optimize parameters using only single water molecule and
water cluster data up through pentamers, with no fitting to condensed phase
data, and we demonstrate that high accuracy is maintained when the force field
is subsequently validated against conformational energies of larger water
cluster data sets, radial distribution functions of the liquid phase, and the
temperature dependence of thermodynamic and transport water properties. We
conclude that MB-UCB is comparable in performance to MB-Pol, but is less
expensive and more transferable by eliminating the need to represent
short-ranged interactions through large parameter fits to high order
polynomials
Finite size scaling of the bayesian perceptron
We study numerically the properties of the bayesian perceptron through a
gradient descent on the optimal cost function. The theoretical distribution of
stabilities is deduced. It predicts that the optimal generalizer lies close to
the boundary of the space of (error-free) solutions. The numerical simulations
are in good agreement with the theoretical distribution. The extrapolation of
the generalization error to infinite input space size agrees with the
theoretical results. Finite size corrections are negative and exhibit two
different scaling regimes, depending on the training set size. The variance of
the generalization error vanishes for confirming the
property of self-averaging.Comment: RevTeX, 7 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Dynamical control of quantum state transfer within hybrid open systems
We analyze quantum state-transfer optimization within hybrid open systems,
from a "noisy" (write-in) qubit to its "quiet" counterpart (storage qubit).
Intriguing interplay is revealed between our ability to avoid bath-induced
errors that profoundly depend on the bath-memory time and the limitations
imposed by leakage out of the operational subspace. Counterintuitively, under
no circumstances is the fastest transfer optimal (for a given transfer energy)
Exponential dynamical localization for the almost Mathieu operator
We prove that the exponential moments of the position operator stay bounded
for the supercritical almost Mathieu operator with Diophantine frequency
Rigorous Bounds to Retarded Learning
We show that the lower bound to the critical fraction of data needed to infer
(learn) the orientation of the anisotropy axis of a probability distribution,
determined by Herschkowitz and Opper [Phys.Rev.Lett. 86, 2174 (2001)], is not
always valid. If there is some structure in the data along the anisotropy axis,
their analysis is incorrect, and learning is possible with much less data
points.Comment: 1 page, 1 figure. Comment accepted for publication in Physical Review
Letter
An investigation into the perspectives of providers and learners on MOOC accessibility
An effective open eLearning environment should consider the target learner’s abilities, learning goals, where learning takes place, and which specific device(s) the learner uses. MOOC platforms struggle to take these factors into account and typically are not accessible, inhibiting access to environments that are intended to be open to all. A series of research initiatives are described that are intended to benefit MOOC providers in achieving greater accessibility and disabled learners to improve their lifelong learning and re-skilling. In this paper, we first outline the rationale, the research questions, and the methodology. The research approach includes interviews, online surveys and a MOOC accessibility audit; we also include factors such the risk management of the research programme and ethical considerations when conducting research with vulnerable learners. Preliminary results are presented from interviews with providers and experts and from analysis of surveys of learners. Finally, we outline the future research opportunities. This paper is framed within the context of the Doctoral Consortium organised at the TEEM'17 conference
Conductance through an array of quantum dots
We propose a simple approach to study the conductance through an array of
interacting quantum dots, weakly coupled to metallic leads. Using a mapping to
an effective site which describes the low-lying excitations and a slave-boson
representation in the saddle-point approximation, we calculated the conductance
through the system. Explicit results are presented for N=1 and N=3: a linear
array and an isosceles triangle. For N=1 in the Kondo limit, the results are in
very good agreement with previous results obtained with numerical
renormalization group (NRG). In the case of the linear trimer for odd , when
the parameters are such that electron-hole symmetry is induced, we obtain
perfect conductance . The validity of the approach is discussed in
detail.Comment: to appear in Phys. Rev.
Modeling age-related differences in immediate memory using SIMPLE
In the SIMPLE model (Scale Invariant Memory and Perceptual Learning), performance on memory tasks is determined by the locations of items in multidimensional space, and better performance is associated with having fewer close neighbors. Unlike most previous simulations with SIMPLE, the ones reported here used measured, rather than assumed, dimensional values. The data to be modeled come from an experiment in which younger and older adults recalled lists of acoustically confusable and nonconfusable items. A multidimensional scaling solution based on the memory confusions was obtained. SIMPLE accounted for the overall difference in performance both between the two age groups and, within each age group, the overall difference between acoustically confusable and nonconfusable items in terms of the MDS coordinates. Moreover, the model accounted for the serial position functions and error gradients. Finally, the generality of the model’s account was examined by fitting data from an already published study. The data and the modeling support the hypothesis that older adults’ memory may be worse, in part, because of altered representations due to age-related auditory perceptual deficits
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