Instantaneous cell migration velocity may be ill-defined

Cell crawling is critical to biological development, homeostasis and disease. In many cases, cell trajectories are quasi-random-walk. In vitro assays on flat surfaces often described such quasi-random-walk cell trajectories as approximations to a solution of a Langevin process. However, experiments show quasi-diffusive behavior at small timescales, indicating that instantaneous velocity and velocity autocorrelations are not well-defined. We propose to characterize mean-squared cell displacement using a modified F\"urth equation with three temporal and spatial regimes: short- and long-time/range diffusion and intermediate time/range ballistic motion. This analysis collapses mean-squared displacements of previously published experimental data onto a single-parameter family of curves, allowing direct comparison between movement in different cell types, and between experiments and numerical simulations. Our method also show that robust cell-motility quantification requires an experiment with a maximum interval between images of a few percent of the cell-motion persistence time or less, and a duration of a few orders-of-magnitude longer than the cell-motion persistence time or more.Comment: 5 pages, plus Supplemental materia

Purification and characterization of membrane-bound peroxidase from date palm leaves (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

AbstractPeroxidase from date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) leaves was purified to homogeneity and characterized biochemically. The enzyme purification included homogenization, extraction of pigments followed by consecutive chromatographies on DEAE-Sepharose and Superdex 200. The purification factor for purified date palm peroxidase was 17 with 5.8% yield. The purity was checked by SDS and native PAGE, which showed a single prominent band. The molecular weight of the enzyme was approximately 55kDa as estimated by SDS–PAGE. The enzyme was characterized for thermal and pH stability, and kinetic parameters were determined using guaiacol as substrate. The optimum activity was between pH 5–6. The enzyme showed maximum activity at 55°C and was fairly stable up to 75°C, with 42% loss of activity. Date palm leaves peroxidase showed Km values of 0.77 and 0.045mM for guaiacol and H2O2, respectively. These properties suggest that this enzyme could be a promising tool for applications in different analytical determinations as well as for treatment of industrial effluents at low cost

Delay Reduction of Detection Algorithms for 5G Massive MIMO System

Multiple antenna technologies like Multiple-InputMultiple-Output (MIMO) and beamforming will thus play animportant role in defining 5G system architectures. In massiveMIMO there is a huge number of antenna elements, so there isa need to estimate large channel matrix which introduces muchlatency. The ultra-high latency and high computation complexityof massive MIMO matrices from 16 to 256 dimensions is thevital bottleneck to realizing latency for channel estimation andMIMO detection. This paper introduces a mechanism to reducethe high computational complexity that causes huge latency. Fouralgorithms are evaluated to measure their performance. Thesealgorithms are Gauss-Jordan Elimination, Gaussian Elimination,RQ Decomposition and LU Decomposition. MATLAB simulationused to analyze the applied mathematical models. After thatmeasured the BER, delay for each algorithm and evaluate thecapacity and throughput, by way, found that the GaussianElimination has better delay about 49 percent when RQ Decomposition higherabout 95 percent while LU Decomposition highest about 98 percent comparedby Gauss-Jordan Elimination. In addition the result show theperformance of capacity and throughput for various modulationand coding rate, while the deliverables average capacity about10 M bit and affected by the situation of the channel, LU hasthe best performance than others

Study of elastic and inelastic scattering of 7Be + 12C at 35 MeV

The elastic and inelastic scattering of 7Be from 12C have been measured at an incident energy of 35 MeV. The inelastic scattering leading to the 4.439 MeV excited state of 12C has been measured for the first time. The experimental data cover an angular range of θcm= 15◦-120◦. Optical model analyses were carried out with Woods-Saxon and double-folding potential using the density dependent M3Y (DDM3Y) effective interaction. The microscopic analysis of the elastic data indicates breakup channel coupling effect. A coupled-channel analysis of the inelastic scattering, based on collective form factors, shows thatmutual excitation of both 7Be and 12C is significantly smaller than the single excitation of 12C. The larger deformation length obtained from the DWBA analysis could be explained by including the excitation of 7Be in a coupled-channel analysis. The breakup cross section of 7Be is estimated to be less than 10%of the reaction cross section. The intrinsic deformation length obtained for the 12C∗(4.439 MeV) state is δ2= 1.37 fm. The total reaction cross section deduced from the analysis agrees very well with Wong’s calculations for similar weakly bound light nuclei on 12C target.The authors thank the ISOLDE engineers in charge, RILIS team and Target Group at CERN for their support. D. Gupta acknowledges research funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 654002 (ENSAR2) and ISRO, Government of India under grant no. ISRO/RES/2/378/15-16. O. Tengblad would like to acknowledge the support by the Spanish Funding Agency (AEI / FEDER, EU) under the project PID2019-104390GB-I00. I. Martel would like to acknowledge the support by the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities of Spain (Grant No. PGC2018-095640-B-I00). J. Cederkall acknowledges grants from the Swedish Research Council (VR) under contract numbers VR-2017-00637 and VR-2017- 03986 as well as grants from the Royal Physiographical Society. J. Park would like to acknowledge the support by Institute for Basic Science (IBS-R031-D1). S. Szwec acknowledges support by the Academy of Finland (Grant No. 307685). A.M.M. is supported by the I+D+i project PID2020-114687GB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, by the grant Group FQM-160 and by project P20_01247, funded by the Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad, Junta de Andalucía (Spain) and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”

Dinâmica populacional da mosca-dos-chifres no Pantanal.

Durante dois anos, de junho/93 a maio/95, contagens de moscas-dos-chifres foram realizadas em dois rebanhos Nelore criados extensivamente na fazenda Nhumirim, sub-região da Nhecolândia, Pantanal, MS. Os rebanhos possuíam 40 e 60 vacas, mantidas sem tratamento inseticida durante o estudo. Contagens foram realizadas duas semanas consecutivas por mês, por observadores a cavalo, em pelo menos 50% dos animais em cada rebanho. Foram observados dois picos populacionais anuais da mosca, após o início (novembro/dezembro) e final (maio/junho) do período chuvoso. A presença de moscas foi observada durante todo o estudo, em pelo menos 64% dos animais. Infestações médias não excederam 85 moscas/animal e permaneceram abaixo de 35 moscas/animal na maior parte do estudo. Entretanto, infestações acima de 300 moscas foram observadas individualmente. Altas infestações apresentaram curta duração, com acentuada redução no número de moscas em até duas semanas. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo indicam que o controle "estratégico" (tratamento em épocas pré-definidas) da mosca-dos-chifres na região deve prever dois tratamentos anuais, após o início (novembro) e final (maio) da época chuvosa. O controle "tático" (tratamento quando necessário) pode ser eventualmente realizado neste intervalo em função de infestações que efetivamente causem incômodo aos animais.bitstream/item/37421/1/BP31.pd

Fluid–structure interaction of free convection in a square cavity divided by a flexible membrane and subjected to sinusoidal temperature heating

Purpose: The purpose of the present paper is to model a cavity, which is equally divided vertically by a thin, flexible membrane. The membranes are inevitable components of many engineering devices such as distillation systems and fuel cells. In the present study, a cavity which is equally divided vertically by a thin, flexible membrane is model using the fluid–structure interaction (FSI) associated with a moving grid approach. Design/methodology/approach: The cavity is differentially heated by a sinusoidal time-varying temperature on the left vertical wall, while the right vertical wall is cooled isothermally. There is no thermal diffusion from the upper and lower boundaries. The finite-element Galerkin technique with the aid of an arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian procedure is followed in the numerical procedure. The governing equations are transformed into non-dimensional forms to generalize the solution. Findings: The effects of four pertinent parameters are investigated, i.e., Rayleigh number (104 = Ra = 107), elasticity modulus (5 × 1012 = ET = 1016), Prandtl number (0.7 = Pr = 200) and temperature oscillation frequency (2p = f = 240p). The outcomes show that the temperature frequency does not induce a notable effect on the mean values of the Nusselt number and the deformation of the flexible membrane. The convective heat transfer and the stretching of the thin, flexible membrane become higher with a fluid of a higher Prandtl number or with a partition of a lower elasticity modulus. Originality/value: The authors believe that the modeling of natural convection and heat transfer in a cavity with the deformable membrane and oscillating wall heating is a new subject and the results have not been published elsewhere