Quantum correlations and Nash equilibria of a bi-matrix game

Playing a symmetric bi-matrix game is usually physically implemented by sharing pairs of 'objects' between two players. A new setting is proposed that explicitly shows effects of quantum correlations between the pairs on the structure of payoff relations and the 'solutions' of the game. The setting allows a re-expression of the game such that the players play the classical game when their moves are performed on pairs of objects having correlations that satisfy the Bell's inequalities. If players receive pairs having quantum correlations the resulting game cannot be considered another classical symmetric bi-matrix game. Also the Nash equilibria of the game are found to be decided by the nature of the correlations.Comment: minor correction

The Refined Topological Vertex

We define a refined topological vertex which depends in addition on a parameter, which physically corresponds to extending the self-dual graviphoton field strength to a more general configuration. Using this refined topological vertex we compute, using geometric engineering, a two-parameter (equivariant) instanton expansion of gauge theories which reproduce the results of Nekrasov. The refined vertex is also expected to be related to Khovanov knot invariants.Comment: 70 Pages, 23 Figure

Evolusi Pertukaran dalam Strategi Pemasaran

Exchange is a useful framework for conceptualization in marketing behavior. The recent objective marketing is not only creating in selling products or services and customer satisfaction needing but also the objective has been moving to creating and integrating customer value. Satisfaction, trust and commitment attributes have been used as attributes for creating customers value. Drawing on insight from extant literature this article purpose analysis of evolusion exchange in marketing strategy. The qualitative research is used in this study by using several literatures. The author found that there was a change in exchange paradigm from transactional to relational exchange. The moving of paradigm as parallel with the development of world economy especially in the post industry era

Perkembangan Strategi Pemasaran dalam Industri Jasa

The marketing strategy in service industry is very important since the growing rapidly service industry in the recent years. The development the marketing strategy in service industry has changed from year to year. Drawing on insight from extant literature this article purpose analysis of the development marketing strategy in service industry. The qualitative research is used in this study by using several literatures. The author found that there was a change in marketing strategy in service industry. The triangle model of marketing service has changed to become triangle model with technology as know as self service technology

Energy Consumption Rate based Stable Election Protocol (ECRSEP) for WSNs

In recent few yearsWireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have seen an increased interest in various applications like border field security, disaster management and medical applications. So large number of sensor nodes are deployed for such applications, which can work autonomously. Due to small power batteries in WSNs, efficient utilization of battery power is an important factor. Clustering is an efficient technique to extend life time of sensor networks by reducing the energy consumption. In this paper, we propose a new protocol; Energy Consumption Rate based Stable Election Protocol (ECRSEP). Our CH selection scheme is based on the weighted election probabilities of each node according to the Energy Consumption Rate (ECR) of each node. We compare results of our proposed protocol with Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering (DEEC), Stable Election Protocol (SEP), and Enhanced SEP(ESEP). Our simulation results show that our proposed protocol, ECRSEP outperforms all these protocols in terms of network stability and network lifetime

N-player quantum games in an EPR setting

The $N$-player quantum game is analyzed in the context of an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) experiment. In this setting, a player's strategies are not unitary transformations as in alternate quantum game-theoretic frameworks, but a classical choice between two directions along which spin or polarization measurements are made. The players' strategies thus remain identical to their strategies in the mixed-strategy version of the classical game. In the EPR setting the quantum game reduces itself to the corresponding classical game when the shared quantum state reaches zero entanglement. We find the relations for the probability distribution for $N$-qubit GHZ and W-type states, subject to general measurement directions, from which the expressions for the mixed Nash equilibrium and the payoffs are determined. Players' payoffs are then defined with linear functions so that common two-player games can be easily extended to the $N$-player case and permit analytic expressions for the Nash equilibrium. As a specific example, we solve the Prisoners' Dilemma game for general $N \ge 2$. We find a new property for the game that for an even number of players the payoffs at the Nash equilibrium are equal, whereas for an odd number of players the cooperating players receive higher payoffs.Comment: 26 pages, 2 figure