1,802 research outputs found
Direct determination of neutrino mass parameters at future colliders
If the observed light neutrino masses are induced by their Yukawa couplings
to singlet right-handed neutrinos, natural smallness of those renders direct
collider tests of the electroweak scale neutrino mass mechanisms almost
impossible both in the case of Dirac and Majorana (seesaw of type I) neutrinos.
However, in the triplet Higgs seesaw scenario the smallness of light neutrino
masses may come from the smallness of B-L breaking parameters, allowing sizable
Yukawa couplings even for a TeV scale triplet. We show that, in this scenario,
measuring the branching fractions of doubly charged Higgs to different
same-charged lepton flavours at LHC and/or ILC experiments will allow one to
measure the neutrino mass parameters which neutrino oscillation experiments are
insensitive to, including the neutrino mass hierarchy, lightest neutrino mass
and Majorana phases.Comment: A mistake corrected, experimental errors revised, new references
added, conclusions unchange
Angular momentum spatial distribution symmetry breaking in Rb by an external magnetic field
Excited state angular momentum alignment -- orientation conversion for atoms
with hyperfine structure in presence of an external magnetic field is
investigated. Transversal orientation in these conditions is reported for the
first time. This phenomenon occurs under Paschen Back conditions at
intermediate magnetic field strength. Weak radiation from a linearly polarized
diode laser is used to excite Rb atoms in a cell. The laser beam is polarized
at an angle of pi/4 with respect to the external magnetic field direction.
Ground state hyperfine levels of the 5S_1/2 state are resolved using
laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy under conditions for which all excited
5P_3/2 state hyperfine components are excited simultaneously. Circularly
polarized fluorescence is observed to be emitted in the direction perpendicular
to both to the direction of the magnetic field B and direction of the light
polarization E. The obtained circularity is shown to be in quantitative
agreement with theoretical predictions.Comment: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Transition to adult care in Finnish adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Objective The symptoms of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and the necessity for continuous treatment may persist in adulthood. Therefore, patients with JIA need to be appropriately transferred to adult care. We aimed to analyse the timing of the patients' transition to adult care, and patients' self-management skills with the process and the quality of the transition. Method This study included 161 Finnish participants of the population-based Nordic JIA cohort who attended a 17 year follow-up appointment. Special attention was paid to the three groups: those referred by the paediatric rheumatology outpatient clinic to primary healthcare (PHC), those who were directly transferred to adult rheumatology care, and those who were later referred. Results A total of 136 patients (84%) were eligible to participate in the study, and 40% of them were directly transferred to an adult rheumatology clinic. Of the patients, 72% eventually ended up being referred to an adult rheumatology outpatient clinic. However, 16% of the patients in the PHC group had active disease during the study appointment and were referred to adult services after the study visit. Conclusion This study reveals the need to improve the transition process from paediatric care to adult care and to find the variables that can indicate the need for immediate transition. Although challenging, it is important to avoid treatment delay in adult patients with JIA who may have active disease but who do not have appropriate access to an adult rheumatological outpatient clinic.Peer reviewe
FAST CARS: Engineering a Laser Spectroscopic Technique for Rapid Identification of Bacterial Spores
Airborne contaminants, e.g., bacterial spores, are usually analyzed by time
consuming microscopic, chemical and biological assays. Current research into
real time laser spectroscopic detectors of such contaminants is based on e.g.
resonant Raman spectroscopy. The present approach derives from recent
experiments in which atoms and molecules are prepared by one (or more) coherent
laser(s) and probed by another set of lasers. The connection with previous
studies based on "Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy" (CARS) is to be
noted. However generating and utilizing maximally coherent oscillation in
macromolecules having an enormous number of degrees of freedom is much more
challenging. This extension of the CARS technique is called FAST CARS
(Femtosecond Adaptive Spectroscopic Techniques for Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman
Spectroscopy), and the present paper proposes and analyses ways in which it
could be used to rapidly identify pre-selected molecules in real time.Comment: 43 pages, 21 figures; replacement with references added. Submitted to
the Proceedings of National Academy of Science
Quasienergy Spectroscopy of Excitons
We theoretically study nonlinear optics of excitons under intense THz
irradiation. In particular, the linear near infrared absorption and resonantly
enhanced nonlinear sideband generation are described. We predict a rich
structure in the spectra which can be interpreted in terms of the quasienergy
spectrum of the exciton, via a remarkably transparent expression for the
susceptibility, and show that the effects of strongly avoided quasienergy
crossings manifest themselves directly, both in the absorption and transmitted
sidebands.Comment: 4 pages RevTex, 3 eps figs included, as publishe
Liquid–liquid phase separation of the Golgi matrix protein GM130
Golgins are an abundant class of peripheral membrane proteins of the Golgi. These very long (50–400 nm) rod-like proteins initially capture cognate transport vesicles, thus enabling subsequent SNARE-mediated membrane fusion. Here, we explore the hypothesis that in addition to serving as vesicle tethers, Golgins may also possess the capacity to phase separate and, thereby, contribute to the internal organization of the Golgi. GM130 is the most abundant Golgin at the cis Golgi. Remarkably, overexpressed GM130 forms liquid droplets in cells analogous to those described for numerous intrinsically disordered proteins with low complexity sequences, even though GM130 is neither low in complexity nor intrinsically disordered. Virtually pure recombinant GM130 also phase-separates into dynamic, liquid-like droplets in close to physiological buffers and at concentrations similar to its estimated local concentration at the cis Golgi
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