859 research outputs found
MACRO and the atmospheric neutrino problem
After a brief presentation of the MACRO detector we discuss the updated data
on atmospheric muon neutrinos, and the interpretation in terms of neutrino
oscillations.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures. Invited talk at the Third International Workshop
on New Worlds in Astroparticle Physics 1-3 September 2000, University of the
Algarve. Faro, Portuga
A parameterisation of single and multiple muons in the deep water or ice
Atmospheric muons play an important role in underwater/ice neutrino
detectors. In this paper, a parameterisation of the flux of single and multiple
muon events, their lateral distribution and of their energy spectrum is
presented. The kinematics parameters were modelled starting from a full Monte
Carlo simulation of the interaction of primary cosmic rays with atmospheric
nuclei; secondary muons reaching the sea level were propagated in the deep
water. The parametric formulas are valid for a vertical depth of 1.5-5 km w.e.
and up to 85 deg for the zenith angle, and can be used as input for a fast
simulation of atmospheric muons in underwater/ice detectors.Comment: 25 pages, 8 figure
Atmospheric MUons from PArametric formulas: a fast GEnerator for neutrino telescopes (MUPAGE)
Neutrino telescopes will open, in the next years, new opportunities in
observational high energy astrophysics. For these experiments, atmospheric
muons from primary cosmic ray interactions in the atmosphere play an important
role, because they provide the most abundant source of events for calibration
and test. On the other side, they represent the major background source.
In this paper a fast Monte Carlo generator (called MUPAGE) of bundles of
atmospheric muons for underwater/ice neutrino telescopes is presented. MUPAGE
is based on parametric formulas [APP25(2006)1] obtained from a full Monte Carlo
simulation of cosmic ray showers generating muons in bundle, which are
propagated down to 5 km w.e. It produces the event kinematics on the surface of
a user-defined virtual cylinder, surrounding the detector. The multiplicity of
the muons in the bundle, the muon spatial distribution and energy spectrum are
simulated according to a specific model of primary cosmic ray flux, with
constraints from measurements of the muon flux with underground experiments. As
an example of the application, the result of the generation of events on a
cylindrical surface of 3 km^2 at a depth of 2450 m of water is presented.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figure
- …