A study on the morphology of the coracobrachialis muscle and its relationship with the musculocutaneous nerve

Thirty-six arms from embalmed adult cadavers were utilised for this investigation. Coracobrachialis muscle was carefully examined to record variations in its attachments, morphology and its relationship with the musculocutaneous nerve. The results of the present work identified the presence of two heads of origin for the coracobrachialis muscle, which are situated superficial (anterior) and deep (posterior) to the musculocutaneous nerve. The superficial head arises mainly from most of the medial border of the tendon of the short head of the biceps brachii muscle. The deep head arises from the apex of the coracoid process of the scapula and the adjoining lateral border of the tendon of the short head of the biceps brachii muscle. The musculocutaneous nerve provides a separate branch for each head. In cases where the coracobrachialis muscle was not pierced by the musculocutaneous nerve, the muscle was formed of one head that has an origin analogous to that of the superficial head. One case showed a splitting of the deep head into two bellies shortly after its origin, where the muscle appeared as being formed of three heads. Variations in the insertion were present as an additional aponeurotic insertion above the usual insertion and an aponeurotic extension to the deep fascia on the medial aspect of the arm. Variations in the musculocutaneous nerve were in the form of lower origin from the lateral root of median nerve and a nerve with a short course after which it united with the median nerve. This investigation supplied evidence of the double heads of origin for the coracobrachialis muscle. The detected variability in insertion and association of the muscle with the musculocutaneous nerve further supports the idea that the coracobrachialis muscle is a complex muscle

Ultrastructural immunogold study on the various cell types of cultured pancreatic islets of adult rats

Whereas several reports describing the ultrastructure of the intact pancreatic islets have been recorded, published experience with the ultrastructural integrity of the cultured pancreatic islets is limited. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to provide an ultrastructure identification of the different cells in the cultured islets of the adult rat pancreas, after marking their secretory granules with gold particles. Pancreatic islets were isolated from adult male Wistar rats by the intraductal perfusion of collagenase technique. The islets were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium for 3 days and processed for preparation of ultrathin sections. The sections were stained with the indirect immunogold technique for insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide. Ultrastructural examination of the cultured islets clearly identified the presence of B, A, D and PP-cells, as indicated by the numerous gold particles concentrated predominantly over the secretory granules. The secretory granules of the various cell types of the cultured islets demonstrated several similarities as well as differences from the recorded results of the corresponding secretory granules of the intact islets. The differences probably reflect a deviation in the underlying mechanisms of synthesis, maturation and secretion of the different secretory products of the cells in the cultured islets as they adapt to the in vitro environment

The Quark-Gluon Plasma Equation of State and The Generalized Uncertainty Principle

The quark-gluon plasma (QGP) equation of state within a minimal length scenario or Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) is studied. The Generalized Uncertainty Principle is implemented on deriving the thermodynamics of ideal QGP at a vanishing chemical potential. We find a significant effect for the GUP term. The main features of QCD lattice results were quantitatively achieved in case of $n_{f}=0$, $n_{f}=2$ and $n_{f}=2+1$ flavors for the energy density, the pressure and the interaction measure. The exciting point is the large value of bag pressure especially in case of $n_{f}=2+1$ flavor which reflects the strong correlation between quarks in this bag which is already expected. One can notice that, the asymptotic behavior which is characterized by Stephan-Boltzmann limit would be satisfied.Comment: 9 Pages, 8 figure

Monotonic and Cyclic Behavior of Helical Screw Piles Under Axial and Lateral Loading

The main objectives of this research paper are to: investigate the monotonic and cyclic behavior of helical pile foundation systems, develop new helical screw systems suitable for seismic retrofitting of existing foundations and new structures. The proposed new pile configurations proposed include: fiber reinforced polymer grouted helical screw piles (FRP-G-HSP); and reinforced grouted helical screw piles (RG-HSP) with steel fibers added to the grout. The research methodology involved conducting more than one hundred full scale field load tests on twenty three helical screw piles installed in cohesive soil and subjected to axial and lateral monotonic and cyclic loading in which twenty piles are instrumented. The test piles included: seven plain helical screw piles (P-HSP); four grouted helical screw piles (G-HSPs); eight FRP-G-HSPs; and four RG-HSPs. The axial cyclic performance of HSPs and G-HSPs experienced 5-10% capacity reduction after 15 loads cycles. However, their lateral capacity was low due to their slender shaft. The lateral capacity and stiffness of internally and externally grouted FRP-G-HSPs were twice the FRP-HSP with internal grout. The RG-HSP piles axial capacity was more than twice that for P-HSP, with minimal reduction after cyclic loading, and their lateral capacity was more than 3 times the P-HSPs capacity

Probabilistic Analysis of Wind Response of Tall Structures Supported by Flexible Foundations

The effect of soil-structure interaction on the response of structures to dynamic loads has long been recognized and the deterministic approach is usually used for its evaluation. In most soil-structure interaction analyses, the soil shear wave velocity is used to characterize the stiffness of the soil and the foundation system. In practice, the shear modulus of the soil is difficult to evaluate and the natural spatial variability and the measurement technique affect its measured value. Probabilistic concepts are used to evaluate the significant design parameters of tall structures and to examine the sensitivity of their wind response to the variation of the soil shear wave velocity used in the analysis. In this study, the dynamic response of tall structures and the base bending moment of R/C TV towers, as an example of a tall shell structure, are evaluated accounting for soil-structure interaction. A probabilistic approach is used to account for the uncertainties in the shear modulus of the soil underneath the foundation and the design wind speed on the calculated response and base bending

Vibration of Synchrotron Foundation Due to Ground-Transmitted Excitation

The Canadian Light Source (CLS) is a third generation synchrotron that will be capable of generating a wide spectrum of electromagnetic radiation used in the study of the atomic and sub-atomic structure of materials. The CLS facility will feature a 50 m diameter vacuum storage ring used to contain a highly focused stream of electrons. The accuracy required in aiming the electron beam and resulting radiation necessitates very stringent operational tolerances on foundation vibrations, with peak dynamic displacements being limited to less than 0.35 μm. To assess the level of seismic excitation at the site due to traffic on an adjacent roadway, an extensive “green field” ground vibration monitoring program was carried out. The analytical model used to calculate the dynamic characteristics of the foundation system is described. A Fourier analysis approach was used to predict the response of the foundation to the ground-induced vibrations. The results of the analysis showed that the proposed foundation system would perform satisfactorily

Complete genome sequence of Lactobacillus plantarum 10CH, a potential probiotic lactic acid bacterium with potent antimicrobial aActivity

Lactobacillus plantarum 10CH is a bacteriocin-producing potential probiotic lactic acid bacterium (LAB) strain isolated from cheese. Its complete nucleotide sequence shows a single circular chromosome of 3.3 Mb, with a G+C content of 44.51%, a 25-gene plantaricin bacteriocin gene cluster, and the absence of recognized virulence factors. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2017 El Halfawy et al.