Unified Analysis of Spin Isospin Responses of Nuclei

We investigated the Gamow-Teller (GT) strength distribution, especially the quenching with respect to the GT sum rule, and the enhancement of the pionic responses in the quasielasic scattering region, in the same theoretical framework. That is the continuum random phase approximation with the pi+rho+g' model interaction, incorporated with distorted wave impulse approximation and two-step calculations. From this analysis we searched the Landau-Migdal parameters, g'NN and g'ND, through the comparison with the experimental data of the GT strength distribution obtained at 300 MeV and the spin-longitudinal (pionic) cross sections IDq of (p,n) at 350 and 500 MeV. This comprehensive and sophisticated study gave a common set of g'NN=0.6-0.7 and g'ND=0.2-0.4, for both low and high momentum transfers.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Grow your own attachment: gardening as a co-occupation to optimize the health and well-being of parents and their children with physical disabilities

Grow Your Own Attachment: Gardening as a Co-Occupation to Optimize the Health and Well-Being of Parents and their Children with Physical Disabilities is a program created by an occupational therapist to address the problem of a disrupted parent-child attachment. It is a theory-guided and evidence-based program specifically designed for implementation at Claremont Medical Therapy Unit (MTU), a subunit of Los Angeles County, California Children’s Services (CCS). The Attachment Theory informs a child’s development, growth, and maturity as a result of a secure or insecure attachment with a parent; while the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) informs the relationship between health behaviors and an individual’s beliefs, values, and perspectives of such (Bretherton, 2014; Rimer et al., 2005). After a thorough literature review, the health and wellness of parents and their children with physical disabilities were further explored; as well as the meaningful time spent between the parent and child, known as co-occupations. Gardening was found to facilitate physical and psychological health-promoting behaviors. It served as a means to foster stress management and coping skills through the engagement and appreciation of occupations (Eriksson et al., 2011; Greenleaf et al., 2014; Joyce & Warren, 2016, Swank & Shin, 2015a). It also improved children’s exposure, education, recognition, and trailing of fruits and vegetables (Hutchinson et al., 2015; Morgan et al., 2010; Parmer et al., 2009; Spears-Lanoix et al., 2015). Grow Your Own Attachment uses gardening as a means to repair the relationship between parents and their children with physical disabilities by addressing: 1) the child’s nutritional health, self-esteem, and self-efficacy through active participation and engagement in the occupation of gardening, 2) the parent’s coping skills and stress management through the restorative and health-promoting occupation of gardening, and 3) the quality of the time spent between the parent and child through shared experiences in the meaningful co-occupation of gardening. The program evaluation is a one-group quasi-experimental fixed effects research design with the use of qualitative and quantitative data (Newcomer, Hatry, & Wholey, 2015). Open-ended survey questions, semi-structured interviews, child’s weight and body mass index, Likert scales, and parent and child reports of time spent during co-occupations will be tracked pre-, during, and one-month, three-months, six-months, and one-year post-intervention. For the specific site, program and dissemination costs are minimal as the budget is embedded into the pre-existing program. The outcomes will be used to reflect upon current service delivery to enhance family-centered care, utilization of resources, and advocacy and promotion of occupational therapy and CCS

Performance of the neutron polarimeter NPOL3 for high resolution measurements

We describe the neutron polarimeter NPOL3 for the measurement of polarization transfer observables $D_{ij}$ with a typical high resolution of $\sim$300 keV at $T_n$ $\simeq$ 200 MeV. The NPOL3 system consists of three planes of neutron detectors. The first two planes for neutron polarization analysis are made of 20 sets of one-dimensional position-sensitive plastic scintillation counters with a size of 100 cm $\times$ 10 cm $\times$ 5 cm, and they cover the area of 100 $\times$ 100 $\mathrm{cm}^2$. The last plane for detecting doubly scattered neutrons or recoiled protons is made of the two-dimensional position-sensitive liquid scintillation counter with a size of 100 cm $\times$ 100 cm $\times$ 10 cm. The effective analyzing powers $A_{y;\mathrm{eff}}$ and double scattering efficiencies $\epsilon_{\mathrm{D.S.}}$ were measured by using the three kinds of polarized neutrons from the ${}^{2}{\rm H}(\vec{p},\vec{n})pp$, ${}^{6}{\rm Li}(\vec{p},\vec{n}){}^{6}{\rm Be}(\mathrm{g.s.})$, and ${}^{12}{\rm C}(\vec{p},\vec{n}){}^{12}{\rm N}(\mathrm{g.s.})$ reactions at $T_p$ = 198 MeV. The performance of NPOL3 defined as $\epsilon_{\mathrm{D.S.}}(A_{y;\mathrm{eff}})^2$ are similar to that of the Indiana Neutron POLarimeter (INPOL) by taking into account for the counter configuration difference between these two neutron polarimeters.Comment: 28 pages, 18 figures, submitted to Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res.

Complete Set of Polarization Transfer Observables for the 12C(p,n)^{12}{\rm C}(p,n) Reaction at 296 MeV and 0∘^{\circ}

A complete set of polarization transfer observables has been measured for the $^{12}{\rm C}(p,n)$ reaction at $T_p=296 {\rm MeV}$ and $\theta_{\rm lab}=0^{\circ}$. The total spin transfer $\Sigma(0^{\circ})$ and the observable $f_1$ deduced from the measured polarization transfer observables indicate that the spin--dipole resonance at $E_x \simeq 7 {\rm MeV}$ has greater $2^-$ strength than $1^-$ strength, which is consistent with recent experimental and theoretical studies. The results also indicate a predominance of the spin-flip and unnatural-parity transition strength in the continuum. The exchange tensor interaction at a large momentum transfer of $Q \simeq 3.6 {\rm fm}^{-1}$ is discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Study of nuclear correlation effects via 12C(p,n)12N(g.s.,1+) at 296 MeV

We report measurements of the cross section and a complete set of polarization observables for the Gamow--Teller ${}^{12}{\rm C}(\vec{p},\vec{n}){}^{12}{\rm N}({\rm g.s.},1^+)$ reaction at a bombarding energy of 296 MeV. The data are compared with distorted wave impulse approximation calculations employing transition form factors normalized to reproduce the observed beta-decay $ft$ value. The cross section is significantly under-predicted by the calculations at momentum transfers $q \gtrsim$ 0.5 ${\rm fm^{-1}}$. The discrepancy is partly resolved by considering the non-locality of the nuclear mean field. However, the calculations still under-predict the cross section at large momentum transfers of $q$ $\simeq$ 1.6 ${\rm fm^{-1}}$. We also performed calculations employing random phase approximation response functions and found that the observed enhancement can be attributed in part to pionic correlations in nuclei.Comment: 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Lett.

Strategies for Strengthening the Technical Workforce: A Review of International Evidence

Numerous countries suffer from a shortage of technicians and skilled workers, particularly in the STEM fields (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics), due to a mismatch between the skills and interests of the students graduating from or leaving the current education system and the needs of the labor market. Often, parents and students place a high priority on entering and completing university, and as a consequence, many students pursue academic education in secondary schools in order to gain entrance to university, only to find themselves entering the job market lacking the skills they need for employment and advancement. Further, in some countries, the vocational school system is not well-respected by the public and focuses heavily on preparation of youth for specific jobs in one firm rather than preparing them for careers within an industry as a whole. This literature review aims to synthesize the research evidence about the effectiveness of various strategies used by national governments, non-governmental organizations, technical schools, and industries to strengthen both the quality of the technical workforce, as well as the avenues through which individuals can access career and technical programming