Follow-up of the GHSG HD16 trial of PET-guided treatment in early-stage favorable Hodgkin lymphoma.

The primary analysis of the GHSG HD16 trial indicated a significant loss of tumor control with PET-guided omission of radiotherapy (RT) in patients with early-stage favorable Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). This analysis reports long-term outcomes. Overall, 1150 patients aged 18-75 years with newly diagnosed early-stage favorable HL were randomized between standard combined-modality treatment (CMT) (2x ABVD followed by PET/CT [PET-2] and 20 Gy involved-field RT) and PET-2-guided treatment omitting RT in case of PET-2 negativity (Deauville score [DS] < 3). The study aimed at excluding inferiority of PET-2-guided treatment and assessing the prognostic impact of PET-2 in patients receiving CMT. At a median follow-up of 64 months, PET-2-negative patients had a 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) of 94.2% after CMT (n = 328) and 86.7% after ABVD alone (n = 300; HR = 2.05 [1.20-3.51]; p = 0.0072). 5-year OS was 98.3% and 98.8%, respectively (p = 0.14); 4/12 documented deaths were caused by second primary malignancies and only one by HL. Among patients assigned to CMT, 5-year PFS was better in PET-2-negative (n = 353; 94.0%) than in PET-2-positive patients (n = 340; 90.3%; p = 0.012). The difference was more pronounced when using DS4 as cut-off (DS 1-3: n = 571; 94.0% vs. DS ≥ 4: n = 122; 83.6%; p < 0.0001). Taken together, CMT should be considered standard treatment for early-stage favorable HL irrespective of the PET-2-result

Does the distance to the cancer center affect psycho-oncological care and emergency visits of patients with IDH wild-type gliomas? A retrospective study

Background Malignant isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type (IDHwt) gliomas impose a high symptomatic and psychological burden. Wide distances from patients’ homes to cancer centers may affect the delivery of psycho-oncological care. Here, we investigated, in a large brain tumor center with a rural outreach, the initiation of psycho-oncological care depending on spatial distance and impact of psycho-oncological care on emergency visits. Methods Electronic patient charts, the regional tumor registry, and interviews with the primary care physicians were used to investigate clinical data, psycho-oncological care, and emergency unit visits. Interrelations with socio-demographic, clinical, and treatment aspects were investigated using univariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis and the Pearson’s Chi-square test. Results Of 491, 229 adult patients of this retrospective cohort fulfilled the inclusion criteria for analysis. During the last three months of their lives, 48.9% received at least one psycho-oncological consultation, and 37.1% visited the emergency unit at least once. The distance from the cancer center did neither affect the initiation of psycho-oncological care nor the rate of emergency unit visits. Receiving psycho-oncological care did not correlate with the frequency of emergency unit visits in the last three months of life. Conclusion We conclude that the distance of IDHwt glioma patients’ homes from their cancer center, even in a rural area, does not significantly influence the rate of psycho-oncological care

Fizikalni mehanizmi i metode u tumorskim terapijama i prijenosu lijekova do tumora

In addition to several well-known drug delivery strategies developed to facilitate effective chemotherapy with anticancer agents, some new approaches have been recently established, based on specific effects arising from the applications of ultrasound, magnetic and electric fields on drug delivery systems. This paper gives an overview of newly developed methods of drug delivery to tumors and of the related anticancer therapies based on the combined use of different physical methods and specific drug carriers. The conventional strategies and new approaches have been put into perspective to revisit the existing and to propose new directions to overcome the threatening problem of cancer diseases.Osim dobro poznatih metoda prijenosa lijekova u kemoterapijskom pristupu liječenja tumora, nedavno su otkriveni novi načini prijenosa koji se zasnivaju na specifičnim mehanizmima uzrokovanim upotrebom ultrazvuka, magnetskih i električnih polja. Članak sadrži prikaz fizikalnih mehanizama na kojima se temelje ove nove metode, kao i pregled novootkrivenih prijenosnika lijekova (Pluronske micele, magnetoliposomi, magnetski fluidi), novih terapija tumora (magnetska hipertermija, elektrokemoterapija) i najnovijih istraživanja temeljenih na fizikalnom pristupu ovoj problematici

VIBRATIONAL OVERTONE EXCITATION OF METHYL HYDROPEROXIDE AND HYDROXYL RADICAL FORMATION

Author Institution: Chemistry Department, Smith College, Northampton, MA 01063Laser photoacoustic spectra of methyl hydroperoxide in the regions of exciting four and five quanta of O-H stretch show features due to excitation of torsional motion about the O-O bond in addition to O-H stretch. Detection of OH radicals by laser-induced fluorescence confirms that states near five quanta of O-H stretch dissociate along the O-O bond. Photoacoustic and action spectra are compared with simulations from a simple model that assumes adiabatic separation of torsion and O-H stretch and that takes into account the dipole moment dependence on dihedral angle

INFRARED SPECTRA OF CHLORIDE-FLUOROBENZENE COMPLEXES: ELECTROSTATICS VS. H BONDING

Author Institution: JILA and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309So far, there has been relatively little experimental information on the vibrational spectroscopy of anions involving aromatic molecules. We investigate the behavior of fluorinated benzene molecules as ligands bound to chloride ions. This constitutes a particularly interesting case, as their properties can be subtly tuned through the choice of the number and positions of F atoms in the molecule. The charge distribution in the aromatic ligand changes drastically in going from benzene with its negatively charged ring ($\pi$ system) and positively charged periphery (H atoms) to perfluorobenzene (positive ring, negative periphery). Consequently, Cl$^-$ binds to C$_6$H$_6$ via bifurcated H-bonds in the plane of the ligand, while it binds to C$_6$F$_6$ above the aromatic ring. We trace the bonding behavior of $\mathrm{Cl^- \cdot C_6F_nH_{6-n}}$ (n = 0 - 5) through the IR spectra of the complexes for all possible numbers and distributions of F atoms

NEGATIVE ION PHOTOELECTRON SPECTRA OF HALOMETHYL ANIONS

Author Institution: JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309; Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Physics Program, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557; JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309Halomethyl anions undergo a significant geometry change upon electron photodetachment, resulting in multiple extended vibrational progressions in the photoelectron spectra. The normal mode analysis that successfully models photoelectron spectra when geometry changes are modest is unable to reproduce the experimental data using physically reasonable parameters. A three-dimensional anharmonic coupled-mode analysis was employed to accurately reproduce the observed vibrational structure. We present the 364 nm negative ion photoelectron spectra of the halomethyl anions CHX$_2^-$ and CDX$_2^-$ (X = Cl, Br, I) and report electron affinities, vibrational frequencies, and geometries

Theoretical Investigation of the Reactivity of Sodium Dicyanamide with Nitric Acid

There is a need to replace current hydrazine fuels with safer propellants, and dicyanamide (DCA^–)-based systems have emerged as promising alternatives because they autoignite when mixed with some oxidizers. Previous studies of the hypergolic reaction mechanism have focused on the reaction between DCA^– and the oxidizer HNO₃; here, we compare the calculated pathway of DCA^– + HNO₃ with the reaction coordinate of the ion pair sodium dicyanamide with nitric acid, Na­[DCA] + HNO₃. Enthalpies and free energies are calculated in the gas phase and in solution using a quantum mechanical continuum solvation model, SMD-GIL. The barriers to the Na­[DCA] + HNO₃ reaction are dramatically lowered relative to those of the reaction with the bare anion, and an exothermic exit channel to produce NaNO₃ and the reactive intermediate HDCA appears. These results suggest that Na­[DCA] may accelerate the ignition reaction