Alteraciones morfológicas en riñones de ratas sometidos a isquemia reperfusión

Fundamento: La isquemia reperfusión renal es un proceso en donde se involucra una serie de eventos que pueden conducir al daño y muerte celular. Objetivo: Determinar las modificaciones morfológicas que se producen en el riñón a medida que progresa el tiempo en el proceso de isquemia reperfusión. Métodos: Se utilizó como muestra un grupo de 35 ratas Wistar, machos, que fueron divididos en cinco grupos de siete ratas cada uno. Al subgrupo que no se le provocó isquemia se le denominó control (C) y al resto se les nombró experimentales (E). El subgrupo experimental E- I fue sometido a 15 minutos de isquemia, el E-II a 30 minutos, el E-III a 45 minutos y el E-IV a una hora. Luego se tomaron muestras de tejido renal para estudio morfométrico. Resultados: Se produjo una reducción significativa del número de glomérulos y de la fracción de área ocupada por estos tras isquemia reperfusión temporal de 15 minutos (EI), la que parece ser reversible por la ligera mejoría observada tras 30 minutos (EII) a partir del cual sigue recayendo hasta después de una hora de isquemia reperfusión (EIV). Conclusiones: La combinación de isquemia con reperfusión supera el tiempo crítico para provocar lesión irreversible celular del tejido renal

Commercially available industry-relevant software in the education of genome variant curation

BACKGROUND Genome analytics is a drastically expanding field, and there is an increasing demand for individuals with the necessary skillset to analyse the genome data that is being generated. A new Masters by coursework was developed to train individuals in genome analytics. Institutions analysing genomes commonly utilise in-house analysis tools, but increasingly commercial software packages that integrate AI are being considered in the research and diagnostic space (De La Vega et al., 2021). AIMS Evaluate the effectiveness of commercially available software as a tool for teaching variant analysis, classification and curation, enabling the analysis of real-world case examples for the teaching, training and assessment of students in the field of diagnostic genome analysis.   Assess students’ perspectives on work readiness after using commercially available tools in the educational environment. DESIGN AND METHODS Students were exposed to the use and limitations of a commercial software package for Human genome curation during two core units of the course. This software was used as part of both in-class training and in their assessment case studies. Students were invited to voluntarily complete an online survey including qualitative and quantitative components featuring Likert scale questions, both pre and post exposure to the software. Paired data from 23 individuals (73% response rate), most aged between 18 and 25, were recorded and anonymised prior to analysis. Qualitative data were thematically coded blind by two individuals independently using emergent coding (Charmaz, 2008). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS This project indicates that after the completion of the units that integrated commercially available industry software, we measured increased student confidence (increase in percentage reporting fairly confident or higher) in joining the genetic analysis workforce (significant change from 37% to 70%) and in completing job-specific tasks (significant increase in 7 out of 9 tasks of between 28% to 39%). The aspects of their studies the students valued in relation to these changes and their perception of the usefulness of integration of the commercial software were elucidated from qualitative theming, and can inform others looking to integrate commercially available software within their tertiary degree. REFERENCES Charmaz, K. (2008).  Grounded theory as an emergent method. In S. N. Hesse-Biber & P. Leavy (Eds.), Handbook of emergent methods. (pp. 155-170). The Guilford Press.  De La Vega, F.M., Chowdhury, S., Moore, B., Frise, E., McCarthy, J., Hernandez, E.J., Wong, T., James, K., Guidugli, L., Agrawal, P.B., Genetti, C.A., Brownstein, C.A., Beggs, A.H., Löscher, B.S., Franke, A., Boone, B., Levy, S.E., Õunap, K., Pajusalu, S., … Kingsmore, S.F. (2021). Artificial intelligence enables comprehensive genome interpretation and nomination of candidate diagnoses for rare genetic diseases. Genome Med, 13(1), 153. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13073-021-00965-

É possível sincronizar a ovulação com hCG ou GnRH em porcas?

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Autoantibodies to αS1-Casein Are Induced by Breast-Feeding

BACKGROUND: The generation of antibodies is impaired in newborns due to an immature immune system and reduced exposure to pathogens due to maternally derived antibodies and placental functions. During nursing, the immune system of newborns is challenged with multiple milk-derived proteins. Amongst them, caseins are the main constituent. In particular, human αS1-casein (CSN1S1) was recently shown to possess immunomodulatory properties. We were thus interested to determine if auto-antibodies to CSN1S1 are induced by breast-feeding and may be sustained into adulthood. METHODS: 62 sera of healthy adult individuals who were (n = 37) or were not (n = 25) breast-fed against human CSN1S1 were investigated by a new SD (surface display)-ELISA. For cross-checking, these sera were tested for anti Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibodies by a commercial ELISA. RESULTS: IgG-antibodies were predominantly detected in individuals who had been nursed. At a cut-off value of 0.4, the SD-ELISA identified individuals with a history of having been breast-fed with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 92%. Under these conditions, 35 out of 37 sera from healthy donors, who where breast-fed, reacted positively but only 5 sera of the 25 donors who were not breast-fed. The duration of breast-feeding was of no consequence to the antibody reaction as some healthy donors were only short term breast-fed (5 days minimum until 6 weeks maximum), but exhibited significant serum reaction against human CSN1S1 nonetheless. CONCLUSION: We postulate that human CSN1S1 is an autoantigen. The antigenicity is orally determined, caused by breast-feeding, and sustained into adulthood