The use of the inner zone electron model AE-5 and associated computer programs

A users guide to the inner radiation zone electron model AE-5 is introduced. The guide covers a description of the model, the forms in which it is available, directions on how to use the model, and a discussion of its limitations. Computer programs MODEL and ORP are described. These are major programs needed to use the electron models AE-4 and AE-5 and the smoothed proton models

The inner zone electron model AE-5

A description is given of the work performed in the development of the inner radiation zone electron model, AE-5. A complete description of the omnidirectional flux model is given for energy thresholds E sub T in the range 4.0 E sub T/(MeV) 0.04 and for L values in the range 2.8 L 1.2 for an epoch of October 1967. Confidence codes for certain regions of B-L space and certain energies are given based on data coverage and the assumptions made in the analysis. The electron model programs that can be supplied to a user are referred to. One of these, a program for accessing the model flux at arbitrary points in B-L space and arbitrary energies, includes the latest outer zone electron model and proton model. The model AE-5, is based on data from five satellites, OGO 1, OGO 3, 1963-38C, OV3-3, and Explorer 26, spanning the period December 1964 to December 1967

A study of inner zone electron data and their comparison with trapped radiation models

A summary and intercomparison of recent inner radiation zone electron data are presented. The morphology of the inner radiation zone is described and the data compared with the current generation of inner zone trapped electron models. An analytic representation of the inner zone equatorial pitch angle distribution is presented. This model was based upon data from eight satellites and was used to reduce all data to the form of equatorial flux. Although no Starfish-free high energy electron measurements were available from the inner portion of the inner radiation zone, it was found that the AE-6 model provided a good description of the present solar maximum environment

How to Design Game-based Healthcare Applications for Children? - A Study on Children’s Game Preferences

Game-based design can be used to develop engaging health applications for children. This engagement can only be realised when design is tailored to their preferences. In this study we investigate game preferences of children and translate these into design recommendations. Game preferences of children aged 6 to 12 were assessed through a questionnaire. Outcomes were classified by means of the 7D framework which divides game content into seven linear domains. Significant differences in mean scores among demographic subgroups were explored. Sixty-five children participated (M=9 years, SD=0.24, 36 boys, 29 girls, 8 children with asthma). Data showed high preference for content in domains novelty (Mnovelty=63) and dedication (Mdedication=70). Analysis resulted in subdivision of scores based on gender, age and playing frequency. Striking differences in scores were found between boys and girls in discord (Mboys=62, Mgirls=19), intensity (Mboys=60, Mgirls=27), rivalry (Mboys=53, Mgirls=31) and threat (Mboys=64, Mgirls=25). To design games for children we recommend to stimulate curiosity by offering variation and discovery, to enable achievement, learning and social contact. A divergence in preferences for boys and girls must be regarded. Opposed to boys, girls may lose interest in games that have violent or scary content, that are mainly competitive or demand continuous effort

AP-8 trapped proton environment for solar maximum and solar minimum

Data sets from Ov-3 and Azur indicate a need for improvement in models of the stably trapped proton flux with energies between 0.1 and 400 MeV. Two computer accessible models are described: AP8MAX and AP8MIN. The models are presented in the form of nomographs, B-L plots, R-lambda plots, and equatorial radial profiles. Nomographs of the orbit-integrated fluxes are also discussed. The models are compared with each other, with the data, and with previous AP models. Requirements for future improvements include more complete data coverage and periodic comparisons with new data sets as they become available. The machine-sensible format in which the models are available are described

Game preferences and personality of older adult users

To improve engagement needed for long-term adherence to telemedicine services for elderly users, we need methods to design effective and tailored gamification. This study explores the relation between personality (based on the Five Factor Model) and game preference (based on the Five Domains of Play theory) to enable creation of such a method, by means of a user classification targeting the older adult user. From preliminary results, in a study with 12 participants aged 65-75 years, we observe no significant correlations between personality and game preference. The participants have a strong preference for a game containing novel content. This study provides us with information on the older adult to create a method for developing tailored gamified content based on game preferences

Методы автоматического поиска неисправностей и контроля сложных систем: обзор

In the face of continuously increasing cost pressure, a wide range of product versions and shorter innovation cycles, the demand for more versatile assembly and handling systems is steadily growing. Co-operating robots represent a suitable approach for this purpose. However, reconfiguring a multi-device robot cell usually involves a certain programming effort and unfavorable down times. By integrating self-optimizing functions, the complex task of reconfiguration is substantially simplified in order to make economic use not only of the referenced co-operating robotic systems. Therefore, several self-optimizing functions for different stages of production have been developed and applied to various production tasks. The implemented functions comprise self-optimizing planning and commissioning as well as a self-optimizing joining process. Based on the experience gained from these examples, the self-optimizing functions will be similarly applicable to various cases with rel atively small additional effort

AE 6: A model environment of trapped electrons for solar maximum

A projected inner zone electron model environment, AE 6, for the epoch 1980 is presented. It is intended to provide estimates of mission fluxes that spacecraft will encounter in the coming solar maximum years. AE 6 is presented by graphs of omnidirectional integral flux as a function of L shell, the ambient magnetic field B, and the energy E. Results of orbital integrations for altitudes from 150 n.m. to 18,000 n.m. are given for circular orbits with four different inclinations, using the AE 6 and the AE 4 solar maximum models for the inner and outer zones, respectively. The derivation of AE 6 is described, and a brief comparison is given of the radial profiles of equatorial fluxes from several related models. A short summary of the associated computer programs is included

Enhancing the Sensitivity of SMS Fiber Sensors by the Use of High Refractive Index Coatings

This paper presents a study on the behavior of single-mode/multimode/single-mode sensors with diamond-like carbon coating of high refractive index. Spectra and response for different values of the external medium refractive index are recorded and analyzed