853 research outputs found
Detecting Multiple Communities Using Quantum Annealing on the D-Wave System
A very important problem in combinatorial optimization is partitioning a
network into communities of densely connected nodes; where the connectivity
between nodes inside a particular community is large compared to the
connectivity between nodes belonging to different ones. This problem is known
as community detection, and has become very important in various fields of
science including chemistry, biology and social sciences. The problem of
community detection is a twofold problem that consists of determining the
number of communities and, at the same time, finding those communities. This
drastically increases the solution space for heuristics to work on, compared to
traditional graph partitioning problems. In many of the scientific domains in
which graphs are used, there is the need to have the ability to partition a
graph into communities with the ``highest quality'' possible since the presence
of even small isolated communities can become crucial to explain a particular
phenomenon. We have explored community detection using the power of quantum
annealers, and in particular the D-Wave 2X and 2000Q machines. It turns out
that the problem of detecting at most two communities naturally fits into the
architecture of a quantum annealer with almost no need of reformulation. This
paper addresses a systematic study of detecting two or more communities in a
network using a quantum annealer
Draft Genome Sequence of Vibrio coralliilyticus strain OCN008 Isolated from Kāneʻohe Bay, Hawaiʻi.
Vibrio coralliilyticus is a Gram-negative bacterium found in seawater and is associated with diseased marine organisms. Strains
of V. coralliilyticus have been shown to infect coral from multiple genera. We report the draft genome sequence of V. coralliilyticus strain OCN008, the third V. coralliilyticus genome to be sequenced
Complete Genome Sequence of Vibrio coralliilyticus Strain OCN014, Isolated from a Diseased Coral at Palmyra Atoll
Vibrio coralliilyticus is a marine gammaproteobacterium that has been implicated as an etiological agent of disease for multiple
coral genera on reefs worldwide. We report the complete genome of V. coralliilyticus strain OCN014, isolated from a diseased
Acropora cytherea colony off the western reef terrace of Palmyra Atoll
Complete Genome Sequence of Pseudoalteromonas sp. Strain OCN003, Isolated from Kāneʻohe Bay, Oʻahu, Hawaii
Pseudoalteromonas sp. strain OCN003 is a marine gammaproteobacterium that was isolated from a diseased colony of the common Hawaiian reef coral, Montipora capitata, found on a reef surrounding Moku o Loʻe in Kāneʻohe Bay, Hawaii. Here, we report the complete genome of Pseudoalteromonas sp. strain OCN003
Resistance of Mice to Infection with Friend Disease Virus After Subcutaneous Injection of Friend Virus and Friend Spleen-Cells
Swiss mice injected subcutaneously with suspensions of spleen cells or an extract of spleens from mice infected with Friend virus develop resistance to subsequent intravenous inoculation of Friend virus. A single injection of either Friend virus or Friend cells induces resistance. Immunized mice display resistance when challenged 6 months after immunization and survive for at least 20 weeks after infection. Neutralization tests indicate that serum, but not lymphoid cells of resistant animals, can neutralize Friend virus. In vitro neutralization tests indicate that residence of virus within the peritoneal cavity of immune mice for 1 h sharply reduces the infective titer of the virus
Multilevel Combinatorial Optimization Across Quantum Architectures
Emerging quantum processors provide an opportunity to explore new approaches for solving traditional problems in the Post Moore\u27s law supercomputing era. However, the limited number of qubits makes it infeasible to tackle massive real-world datasets directly in the near future, leading to new challenges in utilizing these quantum processors for practical purposes. Hybrid quantum-classical algorithms that leverage both quantum and classical types of devices are considered as one of the main strategies to apply quantum computing to large-scale problems. In this paper, we advocate the use of multilevel frameworks for combinatorial optimization as a promising general paradigm for designing hybrid quantum-classical algorithms. In order to demonstrate this approach, we apply this method to two well-known combinatorial optimization problems, namely, the Graph Partitioning Problem, and the Community Detection Problem. We develop hybrid multilevel solvers with quantum local search on D-Wave\u27s quantum annealer and IBM\u27s gate-model based quantum processor. We carry out experiments on graphs that are orders of magnitudes larger than the current quantum hardware size and observe results comparable to state-of-the-art solvers
First Record of Black Band Disease in the Hawaiian Archipelago: Response, Outbreak Status, Virulence, and a Method of Treatment
A high number of coral colonies, Montipora spp., with progressive tissue loss were reported
from the north shore of Kaua‘i by a member of the Eyes of the Reef volunteer reporting network.
The disease has a distinct lesion (semi-circular pattern of tissue loss with an adjacent
dark band) that was first observed in Hanalei Bay, Kaua‘i in 2004. The disease, initially
termed Montipora banded tissue loss, appeared grossly similar to black band disease
(BBD), which affects corals worldwide. Following the initial report, a rapid response was initiated
as outlined in Hawai‘i’s rapid response contingency plan to determine outbreak status
and investigate the disease. Our study identified the three dominant bacterial constituents
indicative of BBD (filamentous cyanobacteria, sulfate-reducing bacteria, sulfide-oxidizing
bacteria) in coral disease lesions from Kaua‘i, which provided the first evidence of BBD in
the Hawaiian archipelago. A rapid survey at the alleged outbreak site found disease to affect
6-7% of the montiporids, which is higher than a prior prevalence of less than 1% measured
on Kaua‘i in 2004, indicative of an epizootic. Tagged colonies with BBD had an
average rate of tissue loss of 5.7 cm2/day over a two-month period. Treatment of diseased
colonies with a double band of marine epoxy, mixed with chlorine powder, effectively reduced
colony mortality. Within two months, treated colonies lost an average of 30% less tissue
compared to untreated controls
Multilevel Combinatorial Optimization Across Quantum Architectures
Emerging quantum processors provide an opportunity to explore new approaches
for solving traditional problems in the post Moore's law supercomputing era.
However, the limited number of qubits makes it infeasible to tackle massive
real-world datasets directly in the near future, leading to new challenges in
utilizing these quantum processors for practical purposes. Hybrid
quantum-classical algorithms that leverage both quantum and classical types of
devices are considered as one of the main strategies to apply quantum computing
to large-scale problems. In this paper, we advocate the use of multilevel
frameworks for combinatorial optimization as a promising general paradigm for
designing hybrid quantum-classical algorithms. In order to demonstrate this
approach, we apply this method to two well-known combinatorial optimization
problems, namely, the Graph Partitioning Problem, and the Community Detection
Problem. We develop hybrid multilevel solvers with quantum local search on
D-Wave's quantum annealer and IBM's gate-model based quantum processor. We
carry out experiments on graphs that are orders of magnitudes larger than the
current quantum hardware size, and we observe results comparable to
state-of-the-art solvers in terms of quality of the solution
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