Light-induced mass transport in amorphous chalcogenides: Towards surface plasmon-assisted nanolithography and near-field nanoimaging

Two types of amorphous functional materials, based on lightsensitive inorganic compounds like Se and As20Se80 chalcogenide glass (ChG) were investigated with the aim to establish the influence of plasmonic fields, excited by the band-gap light in nanocomposite layers made of these compounds and gold nanoparticles on their photomechanical response. Both these basic materials are characterized by pronounced photoplastic effect and used for real-time optical recording of optoelectronic elements (based mainly on surface relief gratings) due to high photofluidity and polarization-dependent masstransport. We established that mass-transport processes in these ChG can be enhanced in the presence of localized plasmonic fields generated by light if the condition of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is fulfilled. The subjects of special interest are the mass-transport processes at the nano-scale stimulated in the nano-copmosite layers of either by the uniform or periodically distributed optical fields. It was found that irradiation by light with SPR really enhance the efficiency of masstransport and produce surface nanostructurizations. The variation in the topography follows closely and permanently the underlying near field intensity pattern

Pharmacological preconditioning by incretinomimetics exenatide and vildagliptin: decrement of liver ischemia-reperfusion injury

Study of hepatoprotective activity of exenatide and vildagliptin on the liver ischemia/reperfusion model, taking into account biochemical and morphological parameter

Динаміка популяцій воронових і їхній вплив на мисливську фауну Луганської області

Corvids (Corvidae) are spread in all continents except Antarctica and use of commonly available foods, both plant and animal. They are often considered as pests due to their noise, littering, aggression to humans and pets, and predation on birds in urban environment and hunting fauna in the field and forest. Climate change and anthropogenic factors have various effects on different corvid species, which compete for habitat and food. The aim of this study was to identify the features and causes of long-term dynamics of crow crowds, crows gray, magpies, roaches, pots, jugs in hunting grounds and to develop the recommendations for the regulation of their populations. Population dynamics of corvids was studied in 1983-2013 in hunting grounds of Shchetovske forestry in Ivanivske State Forest Hunting Enterprise of the Luhansk region. Population density of corvids was evaluated by route tracking without span and recalculated per 1 km2 by average distance of birds' detection. A raven (Corvus corax), hooded crow (Corvus (corone) cornix), rook (Corvus frugilegus), jackdaw (Corvus monedula), jay (Garrulus glandarius), and magpie (Pica pica) were registered the most often. For 30 years, population density of raven increased 11.5 times – from 0.1 to 1.15 specimens/km2, and population density of hooded crow decreased 11.1 times – from 3.4 to 0.3 specimens/km2, population density of magpie, rook, jackdaw, and jay decreased 2.4, 9.2, 2, and 1.6 times respectively. Population density of raven has a negative correlation with population density of other corvids, and correlation index was the highest with population density of hooded crow. These two corvids have close ecological features, but a raven is larger and more aggressive bird. Dependence of population density of different corvids from feeding habits, places of settlement, harmfulness for hunting objects and anthropogenic factors has been analyzed. Simplified permission for raven hunting was recommended to decrease its damage to hunting fauna (mallard and other ducks, pheasant, gray partridge and brown hare).Досліджено багаторічну (1983–2013 рр.) динаміку щільності популяцій птахів родини Воронових (Corvidae) у мисливських угіддях Щетівського лісництва Іванівського ДЛМГ Луганської області. Щільність популяцій визначено методом маршрутного обліку без обмеження смуги огляду та перераховувано на 1 км2 за середньою дальністю виявлення птахів. Встановлено, що за 30 років щільність популяції ворона в регіоні досліджень збільшилася в 11,5 раза – від 0,1 до 1,15 екз./км2, щільність популяції ворони сірої зменшилася в 11,1 раза – від 3,4 до 0,3 екз./км2, сороки – у 2,4 раза, граків і галок – у 9,2 та 2 рази відповідно, сойки – в 1,6 раза. Визначено тісний від'ємний зв'язок між щільністю популяцій ворона та інших досліджених видів воронових, найтісніший – між щільністю популяцій ворона та ворони сірої, з огляду на близьку екологію цих двох видів із перевагами ворона як більш великого та агресивного виду. Проаналізовано залежність щільності популяцій ворона, ворони сірої, сороки, грака, галки та сойки від особливостей живлення, місць поселення, шкоди для об'єктів полювання та антропогенних чинників (зміни системи обробітку ґрунту, структури посівних площ, ліквідації тваринницьких комплексів тощо). Рекомендовано спростити одержання дозволів на відстріл ворона, який завдає великої шкоди об'єктам полювання (крижню та іншим качкам, фазану, куріпці сірій та зайцю-русаку)

Cytokines and local chronic inflammation in the formation of infertility in fertile age women

The purpose of the study was to examine the characteristics of the content of cytokines in the peritoneal fluid in women of reproductive age with infertility against the background of chronic inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs in the stage of clinical remission.Material and methods. A study was conducted of 50 patients aged 23-36 years with a verified diagnosis of infertility of tubal peritoneal genesis against a background of chronic inflammatory diseases of the reproductive sphere in the stage of clinical remission. As a control group, 15 practically healthy women aged 25-37 years were examined. Concentration of cytokines TNF-a, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-y, MCP-1 in the peritoneal fluid was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results and discussion. In the main group of patients with tubal-peritoneal infertility, the activity of local inflammatory reactions is tested in the period of clinical remission of a chronic inflammatory process. This is confirmed by a significantly higher level of TNF-a, IL-4, IL-6, IFN-y, MCP-1 in the peritoneal fluid compared to the control group. The studied biologically active substances play a significant role in the development of the immune response, as well as fibroplastic processes. The results can be regarded as the latent development of the immune response in reactions to constant antigenic stimulation from the focus of chronic inflammation, which is a significant factor in the development of adhesions in the formation of infertility, and requires the inclusion of immunotropic therapy methods in treatment