Optimization of ClpXP activity and protein synthesis in an E. coli extract-based cell-free expression system.

Protein degradation is a fundamental process in all living cells and is essential to remove both damaged proteins and intact proteins that are no longer needed by the cell. We are interested in creating synthetic genetic circuits that function in a cell-free expression system. This will require not only an efficient protein expression platform but also a robust protein degradation system in cell extract. Therefore, we purified and tested the activity of E. coli ClpXP protease in cell-free transcription-translation (TX-TL) systems that used E. coli S30 cell extract. Surprisingly, our studies showed that purified ClpXP added to the TX-TL system has very low proteolytic activity. The low activity of ClpXP was correlated with the rapid consumption of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in cell extract. We improved the activity of ClpXP in cell extract by adding exogenous ATP and an energy regeneration system. We then established conditions for both protein synthesis, and protein degradation by ClpXP to occur simultaneously in the TX-TL systems. The optimized conditions for ClpXP activity will be useful for creating tunable synthetic genetic circuits and in vitro synthetic biology

Rancangan Sistem Pencarian Pasien, Dokter Dan Kamar Pada Rumah Sakit Berbasis Web Menggunakan Multi DBMS

The information in a hospital is needed by patients or visitors. This web-based system built to facilitate search of information about a patient who was treated in certain hospitals and in certain rooms. If a patient will be seeing a particular doctor, this application also provides a list of doctors who practice in certain hospitals. The system is designed by using three DBMS that represents the three hospitals. With this system, although it has three different databases, but still can be integrated in a single web application, so users do not need to open many web applications for the same purpose

Micro-Algues De La Mare Et Des Bassins D’arrosage a Port-Bouët (Abidjan, Côte D’ivoire)

Les algues jouent un rôle important dans les chaines trophiques des écosystèmes aquatiques. L'étude a eu pour but, à la fois d'inventorier des peuplements algaux et de déterminer les paramètres physicochimiques du milieu influençant la répartition de ces algues en zone marécageuse à Port-Bouët (Abidjansud, Côte d'Ivoire). Des échantillons d'eau ont été prélevés, mensuellement au niveau de 5 stations, entre septembre 2004 et janvier 2005. L'analyse physico-chimique a montré que ces eaux ont eu des teneurs importantes en silice (SiO2), nutriments (NO3-, NO2-, NH4+, PO43-) et ont recelé d'importantes formes de microalgues. Au total, 105 espèces algales ont été identifiées. Celles-ci ont été réparties en 4 embranchements comme suit : 42, 39, 15 et 4 % Chlorophyta, Euglenophyta, Chrysophyta et de Cyanophyta, respectivement. L'analyse combinée des peuplements phytoplanctoniques, en relation avec les données physico-chimiques de chaque station, a permis d'obtenir 4 groupements phytoplanctoniques.Algae play an important role in trophic chains of aquatic systems. This survey aims to determine both algae community and the physico-chemical characteristics of the media of their distribution. Five water samples were collected monthly from stations located in the swampy areas of Port-Bouët (south of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire) between September 2004 and January 2005). The samples were analyzed for physico-chemical and biological characteristics. Results showed that the waters had high silicium (SiO2) and nutrient (NO3-, NO2-, NH4+, PO43-) contents, which resulted in significant algae population, with 105 individuals identified in these media. The taxa were divided into 4 groups as follows : 42, 39, 15 and 4 % of the Chlorophyta, Euglenophyta, Chrysophyta and Cyanophyta, respectively. Canonical Correspondence Analysis of the data revealed 4 main phytoplanktonic groups.Keywords: Micro algae, freshwater algae, swampy area, Port-Bouët, Côte d'Ivoir

A 160-Gb/s OTDM demultiplexer based on parametric wavelength exchange

Parametric wavelength exchange (PWE) has been demonstrated as a versatile device in providing different functionalities. In this paper, we will concentrate, numerically and experimentally, on one of these functionalities, namely, all-optical time demultiplexing of 160-Gb/s return-to-zero (RZ) signals based on a pulsed-pump PWE in a 400 m highly nonlinear dispersion-shifted fiber. Experimental results show power penalties < 2.7 dB at bit-error rate of 10-9 for all demultiplexed 10-Gb/s RZ signals. We also derive theoretical expressions for the conversion/residual efficiencies and investigate the impact of pump pulse width and phase mismatch on these efficiencies. Furthermore, the impacts of pulsed-pump wavelength and power level on the characteristics of the switching window are investigated numerically. As a result, the demultiplexer can be easily upgraded to an add-drop multiplexer because of the complete exchange nature of PWE, which is justified by the surviving channels' waveform performance. © 2009 IEEE.published_or_final_versio

Optical time-slot swapping based on parametric wavelength exchange

Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering (ISSN 0277786X), 2009, v. 7630, art. no. 763002We have experimentally demonstrated simultaneous 10-Gb/s optical time-slot swapping between return-to-zero (RZ) signal format and non-return-to-zero (NRZ) signal format based on the parametric wavelength exchange (PWE) in the highly-nonlinear dispersion shifted fiber (HNL-DSF). Original RZ and NRZ signals located at two different wavelengths are exchanged after the PWE process. After exchanging between RZ and NRZ signals, the swapping ability involving two different signal formats within particular time slot has been proved. Clear open eye diagrams of periodic mixed RZ and NRZ signals are recorded on both wavelengths. © 2009 SPIE-OSA-IEEE.published_or_final_versio

Byte-level parametric wavelength exchange for narrow pulsewidth return-to-zero signal

We investigate the feasibility of switching return-to-zero signals with 3-ps pulsewidth by byte-level parametric wavelength exchange (PWE) numerically and experimentally. Square-wave modulated pumps are used in PWE for pump gating. Simultaneous bit swapping for two signals at the same time slot is achieved. Error-free operation is achieved for both signal channels with ≈3.5-dB power penalty at 10-9 bit-error rate. © 2009 IEEE.published_or_final_versio