Adverse Drug Reactions in Children—A Systematic Review

Adverse drug reactions in children are an important public health problem. We have undertaken a systematic review of observational studies in children in three settings: causing admission to hospital, occurring during hospital stay and occurring in the community. We were particularly interested in understanding how ADRs might be better detected, assessed and avoided

STUDY OF ADSORPTION DESORPTION OF CONTAMINANTS ON SINGLE SOIL PARTICLES USING THE ELECTRODYNAMIC THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYZER

The isothermal adsorption and desorption of organic vapors on a single soil particle was studied with the aid of the electrodynamic thermogravimetric analyzer (EDTGA). Toluene and carbon tetrachloride were tested at room temperature during their adsorption on Spherocarb, montmorillonite, and Carbopack particles. The maximum amount of either organic compound adsorbed was comparable to that required for one monolayer coverage of the particle surface area. Significant differences among various pairs of solid-organic vapor examined were identified and correlated to differences in solid pore structure and chemical affinity between the organic compound and the solid

INCINERATION OF CONTAMINATED SOILS IN AN ELECTRODYNAMIC BALANCE

Understanding contaminant evolution from landfill soils is important in several in-situ remediation processes as well as in thermal treatment and incineration of contaminated top soils. To delineate the rate-limiting processes in the absence of interparticle effects, single surrogate soil particles are examined in this work. The adsorption-desorption characteristics of toluene and carbon tetrachloride on single, surrogate soil particles have been studied using an electrodynamic balance (EDB) under ambient conditions (P = latm; T = 298K). The EDB offers high mass sensitivity (DELTA-m approximately 10(-9)g) in the absence of external mass transfer limitations and interparticle effects. In this work, three types of solid particles, 100-170-mu-m in diameter, were examined, namely montmorillonite, a clay, and two synthetic chars, Spherocarb and Carbopack, of very different pore structures. Three different values of relative pressures, P/P(o), were tested for each liquid by changing the saturator bath temperatures. Significant differences were identified among the various solid-organic compound pairs examined in adsorption-desorption sequences in the EDB. These are strongly correlated with differences in the solid pore structures

Methane Activation on a La(0.6)Sr(0.4)Co(0.8)Fe(0.2)O(3) Perovsksite; Catalytic and Electrocatalytic Results

The catalytic and electrocatalytic behaviour of the La(0.6)Sr(0.4)Co(0.8)Fe(0.2)O(3) (LSCF) perovskite deposited on yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ), was studied during the reaction of methane oxidation. Experiments were carried out at atmospheric pressure, and at temperatures between 600 and 900 degrees C. When, instead of cofeeding with methane in the gas phase, oxygen was electrochemically supplied as O(2), considerable changes in the methane conversion and product selectivity were observed. The non-faradaic effects (NEMCA) were also studied and compared to those observed with metal catalysts