Black holes in the varying speed of light theory

We consider the effect of the \emph{Varying Speed of Light} theory on non-rotating black holes. We show that in any varying-$c$ theory, the Schwarzschild solution is neither static nor stationary. For a no-charged black hole, the singularity in the Schwarzschild horizon cannot be removed by coordinate transformation. Hence, no matter can enter the horizon, and the interior part of the black hole is separated from the rest of the Universe. If $\dot{c}<0$, then the size of the Schwarzschild radius increases with time. The higher value of the speed of light in the very early Universe may have caused a large reduction in the probability of the creation of the primordial black holes and their population.The same analogy is also considered for the charged black holes.Comment: 5 page

Investigating the impact of Total Quality Management (TQM) on innovation in iranian oil companies

Today, the concept of innovation has captured the attention of many scholars and scientists of different fields, and has gained a paramount importance in modern ever changing organizations for competing with rival’s organized management and to survive in the cycle of change. The purpose of the present study is to answer the key question of whether total quality management is able to have any impact on the incremental and radical innovation of Iranian oil companies through cultural changes. This study should be considered as an applicable one in terms of its purpose, a descriptive - correlational one in terms of the method it has followed and a field study in terms of its way of data collection. The sample of the study consisted of 30 Iranian oil Companies, all of which we have thoroughly investigated. The results of the study derived from data analysis done by means of equation modeling method verified all the hypotheses of the study except for hypotheses 2 and 6. According to our results it is possible to increase the rate of innovation in companies by increasing the level of total quality management.Keywords: Total Quality Management (TQM), cultural changes, incremental and radical innovation, Iranian oil Companie

Phenotypic and molecular characterization of plasmid mediated AmpC among clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from different hospitals in Tehran

Introduction: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the main opportunistic pathogens which can cause different types of infections. Production of beta-lactamases like AmpC and ESBL mostly lead to beta-lactam resistance in these Gram-Negative bacteria. The aim of this study was the detection of AmpC-producing K. pneumoniae in clinical isolates. Materials and Methods: Three hundred and three isolates of K. pneumoniae were identified. Double disc method including cefoxitin with cefepime and using boronic acid with cloxacillin were performed as two phenotypic methods for detection of AmpC. Amplification of AmpC gene was performed by PCR. Results: Eight and three isolates showed positive results in double disc method and by using boronic acid with cloxacillin, respectively. Five isolates had specific band for AmpC gene after electrophoresis. Conclusion: Our results were indicated the low prevalence of AmpC-producer-K. pnemoniae in Iran. On the other hand these two tested phenotypic methods showed low sensitivity for detection of AmpC. © 2015 Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. All Rights Reserved

Statin therapy in chronic viral hepatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of nine studies with 195,602 participants

Background: Conflicting data suggest that statins could cause chronic liver disease in certain group of patients, while improving prognosis in those with chronic viral hepatitis (CVH). Purpose: To quantify the potential protective role of statins on some main liver-related health outcomes in clinical studies on CVH patients.Data Sources: The search strategy was explored by a medical librarian using bibliographic databases, from January 2015 to April 2020.Data synthesis: The results showed no significant difference in the risk of mortality between statin users and non-users in the overall analysis. However, the risk of mortality significantly reduced by 39% in statin users who were followed for more than three years. Moreover, the risk of HCC, fibrosis, and cirrhosis in those on statins decreased by 53%, 45% and 41%, respectively. Although ALT and AST reduced slightly following statin therapy, this reduction was not statistically significant. Limitations: A significant heterogeneity among studies was observed, resulting from differences in clinical characteristics between statin users and non-users, study designs, population samples, diseases stage, comorbidities, and confounding covariates. Conclusion: Not only long-term treatment with statins seems to be safe in patients affected by hepatitis, but also it significantly improves their prognosis

The Relationship between Gestational Diabetes and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at risk of insulin resistance and pregnancy complications. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between gestational diabetes and polycystic ovary syndrome. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on 126 pregnant women with PCOS and infertility history who became pregnant after stimulation of ovulation and referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ahvaz. These patients underwent screening with 75 g OGTT (Oral Glucose Tolerance Test) during the first trimester and during 24-28 weeks of gestation. They were divided into two groups of PCOS with gestational diabetes and without gestational diabetes. Variables such as age, gestational diabetes, parity and BMI were measured and the relationship between BMI and gestational diabetes was examined. FINDINGS: The mean age of patients in the two PCOS groups with and without gestational diabetes was 26.09±2.03 and 27.07±3.03 years, respectively. Of the 126 pregnant women with PCOS, 30 (23.8%) patients were diagnosed with gestational diabetes in the first trimester of pregnancy and 11 (8.7%) patients during 24-28 weeks of gestation. Overall, 41(32.5%) patients had gestational diabetes and 85 (67.5%) patients did not have gestational diabetes. There was no significant difference in the mean BMI between the two PCOS groups with and without gestational diabetes. CONCLUSION: The results of the study showed that more than one third of women with PCOS experience gestational diabetes during pregnancy

THINK Back: KNowledge-based Interpretation of High Throughput data

Results of high throughput experiments can be challenging to interpret. Current approaches have relied on bulk processing the set of expression levels, in conjunction with easily obtained external evidence, such as co-occurrence. While such techniques can be used to reason probabilistically, they are not designed to shed light on what any individual gene, or a network of genes acting together, may be doing. Our belief is that today we have the information extraction ability and the computational power to perform more sophisticated analyses that consider the individual situation of each gene. The use of such techniques should lead to qualitatively superior results

Analysis of Gene Sets Based on the Underlying Regulatory Network

Networks are often used to represent the interactions among genes and proteins. These interactions are known to play an important role in vital cell functions and should be included in the analysis of genes that are differentially expressed. Methods of gene set analysis take advantage of external biological information and analyze a priori defined sets of genes. These methods can potentially preserve the correlation among genes; however, they do not directly incorporate the information about the gene network. In this paper, we propose a latent variable model that directly incorporates the network information. We then use the theory of mixed linear models to present a general inference framework for the problem of testing the significance of subnetworks. Several possible test procedures are introduced and a network based method for testing the changes in expression levels of genes as well as the structure of the network is presented. The performance of the proposed method is compared with methods of gene set analysis using both simulation studies, as well as real data on genes related to the galactose utilization pathway in yeast.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78147/1/cmb.2008.0081.pd

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the gram-negative bacteria isolated from septicemia in Children?s Medical Center, Tehran, Iran

Introduction. The choice of antimicrobial treatment for septicemia is often empirical and based on the knowledge of local antimicrobial activity patterns of the most common bacteria causing such bloodstream infections. The current study aimed to study the prevalence of bacterial pathogens causing septicemia and their antimicrobial resistant profiles in hospital admitted patients. Methods. This cross sectional study done at Children?s Medical Center, Tehran, Iran. We examined 168 bacterial strains isolated from 186 clinically diagnosed septicemia cases refereed at Children?s Medical Center, Tehran, Iran Over a period of twelve months from July 2010 to 2011 July. 11446 blood samples from patients of clinically suggestive septicemia were evaluated. Results. Bacterial strains were isolated from 910 (7.95%) of blood cultures. Gram-negative bacteria identified were Pseudomonas species (20.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.86%), Salmonella spp (1.09%), Acinetobacter naumannii (8.13%), Escherichia coli (4.06%), Klebsiella spp (5.16%). Gram-negative pathogens were more than gram positive in bloodstream infections. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done according to Clinical and Labo- ratory Standards Institute (CLSI, USA) guidelines against: amikacin ampicillin, amoxicillin, amoxiclav, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefoperazone tetracycline, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin. Resistanc to different antibiotics in the most important isolated bacteria were: 32.1 %, 10.8%, 87.8%, 96%, 39.1%, 35.2, 49.4%, 69%, 80.02%, 22%, 59%, 30.1% respectively, for Pseudomonas spp, 32%, 3.7%, 84.2 %, 83.2%, 80.1%, 75.4%, 44.8%, 45.2%, 33.3%, 19%, 34.1, 11.5% respectively for Acinetobacter species. Discussion. Resistant to majority of the antimicrobial agents for several pathogens implicated in bloodstream infections, particularly in Gram-negative bacteria, can make complication in treatment of infection cause by them

Chameleonic Generalized Brans--Dicke model and late-time acceleration

In this paper we consider Chameleonic Generalized Brans--Dicke Cosmology in the framework of FRW universes. The bouncing solution and phantom crossing is investigated for the model. Two independent cosmological tests: Cosmological Redshift Drift (CRD) and distance modulus are applied to test the model with the observation.Comment: 20 pages, 15 figures, to be published in Astrophys. Space Sci. (2011