Supersolid 4^4He Likely Has Nearly Isotropic Superflow

We extend previous calculations of the zero temperature superfluid fraction $f_s$ (SFF) {\it vs} localization, from the fcc lattice to the experimentally realized (for solid $^4$He) hcp and bcc lattices. The superfluid velocity is assumed to be a one-body function, and dependent only on the local density, taken to be a sum over sites of gaussians of width $\sigma$. Localization is defined as $\sigma/d$, with $d$ the nearest-neighbor distance. As expected, for fcc and bcc lattices the superfluid density tensor is proportional to the unit tensor. To numerical accuracy of three-places (but no more), the hcp superfluid density tensor is proportional to the unit tensor. This implies that a larger spread in data on $f_s$, if measured on pure crystals, is unlikely to be due to crystal orientation. In addition, to three decimal places (but no more) the curves of $f_s$ {\it vs} $\sigma/d$ are the same for both the hcp and fcc cases. An expected value for the localization gives an $f_{s}$ in reasonable agreement with experiment. The bcc lattice has a similar curve of $f_s$ {\it vs} $\sigma/d$, but is generally smaller because the lattice is more dilute.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure, 3 table

A Generalized LMI Formulation for Input-Output Analysis of Linear Systems of ODEs Coupled with PDEs

In this paper, we consider input-output properties of linear systems consisting of PDEs on a finite domain coupled with ODEs through the boundary conditions of the PDE. This framework can be used to represent e.g. a lumped mass fixed to a beam or a system with delay. This work generalizes the sufficiency proof of the KYP Lemma for ODEs to coupled ODE-PDE systems using a recently developed concept of fundamental state and the associated boundary-condition-free representation. The conditions of the generalized KYP are tested using the PQRS positive matrix parameterization of operators resulting in a finite-dimensional LMI, feasibility of which implies prima facie provable passivity or L2-gain of the system. No discretization or approximation is involved at any step and we use numerical examples to demonstrate that the bounds obtained are not conservative in any significant sense and that computational complexity is lower than existing methods involving finite-dimensional projection of PDEs

Injection of platelet rich plasma for low backpain caused by lumbar disc degeneration: a prospective study

Background: Though the etiologies of chronic low back pain can be diverse, lumbar disc degeneration is one of the important causes of low backpain. In intractable cases of low back pain surgical interventions may be warranted. Intradiscal injection of platelet rich plasma is emerging as a novel treatment modality for chronic backpain and has been reported to have good results in terms of reduction of pain and improvement in functional abilities.Methods: This was a prospective study in which 30 patients with chronic low back pain were included. Platelet rich plasma was injected in nucleus pulposus of the affected part of lumbar spine under fluoroscopic control. Patients were followed up for 3 months. Reduction in severity of pain and functional improvement was assessed by Visual Analogue Scores (VAS) and Roland-Morris Low Back Pain and Disability Questionnaire (RDQ) scores.Results: The Mean age of the male patients was found to be 50.05±9.04 while the mean age of females was found to be 48.50±10.19. 18 (60%) patients were either overweight or obese. Remaining 12 (40%) patients had a normal BMI. The difference between mean VAS scores and RDQ scores at presentation and 3 months after PRP injection was found to be statistically highly significant (p<0.0001).Conclusions: The intradiscal injection of platelet rich plasma in patients with low back pain secondary to lumbar disc degeneration is effective in reducing back pain and causing significant functional improvement

Regional Anesthesia for Urgent Reconstructive Surgery

In polytrauma patients, the primary goal is to administer early resuscitation and effective analgesia with medications or techniques, which minimally affect the patient’s physiology. Adequate pain control will reduce posttraumatic stress disorder and facilitate in early functional recovery and better wound healing. Most of these polytrauma patients are hemodynamically unstable and require anesthesia and analgesia with techniques that produce minimum hemodynamic derangements; these techniques depend on the severity of trauma. The complexity of the surgery varies from primary closure to free flap reconstruction. More complicated injuries with larger tissue loss require free flap cover for better wound healing and optimal functional outcome. Optimum care of flap is an important part of perioperative management to prevent flap failure. Regional anesthesia has been proven to prevent flap failure by increasing perfusion to injured area by blocking local sympathetic system and minimizing pain-induced vasospasm. Postoperative prevention of hypothermia maintaining normocarbia plays a vital role in maintaining perfusion of free flap and prevention of flap failure. Regional anesthesia allows safe management of these patients

IR Based Auto-Recharging System for Autonomous Mobile Robot

As autonomous mobile robots are progressively utilized for appropriated missions, a significant issue that should be tackled is the autonomous recharging problem. The robots can be recharged by planning and arranging effectively to maximize its working efficiency. This paper presents the implementation of automatic docking robot with docking strategy and recharging capabilities. The robot is programmed using an algorithm which will guide the robot to move around in a square path of 30 inch by 30 inch continuously. While the robot is performing its assigned task, the battery remaining voltage is monitored by voltage detection module. When the battery voltage reaches threshold value of less than 12V, the microcontroller commands the robot to go back to the docking station for recharging autonomously. This system uses IR receiver sensor in front of the robot and IR transmitter sensor near docking station. The active IR transmitter sensor which transmit infrared signal located near docking area serves as landmark in guiding robot towards docking area. The robot scans the transmitted IR signal from the sensor transmitter only when it needs to charge its battery, if detected it will take the path of charging station. Once the robot approaches the charging station with the required orientation, it connects to the supply terminals for charging. The data related to battery charging voltage is transmitted by microcontroller through Bluetooth HC-05 to PLX DAQ software tool in PC stores it in the Excel sheet as the data arrive. Once the battery is fully charged the robot moves back to continue its original task

India rice export and virtual water trade

The present study aimed to assess water footprint in the production and export of rice in India. From recent few years, the water footprint conception in full swing to inward detection around the world. The amplified attention in the water footprint has impelled the trade of commodities between countries. Water footprint in the rice field is a sign of water use that exhibits direct and indirect water usage in the rice field. Rice is an important food crop in India. It accesses the flows of water virtually between countries/regions of the world to illustrate the dependency of countries/regions on water resources with other countries/regions under diverse feasible futures. Hence, it is gaining consequence to calculate the water foot print in production as well as export of rice.  The Indian rice production and export of rice was calculated by using international trade and domestic production data. The study results indicated that the global footprint of rice production was 235774 Mm3 per ton which was 53 % of green water footprint, 41 % of blue water footprint and 6 % of grey water footprint for 2018-19. The virtual water flowed in trade was 24354 Mm3/year and the percolation was 16924 Mm3/year since rice is a more water consuming crop. The share of basmati and non-basmati trade accounted was 16 % and 42 %, respectively. Virtual water trade in rice can be minimized by exporting less water demand and high-value crops, proper water harvesting structures and other agronomic practices

Overview of Battery Monitoring and Recharging of Autonomous Mobile Robot

Mobile robots should be capable of operating with a great degree of autonomy to operate in real social environments. Mobile robotic systems draw power from batteries which have a limited power life. This poses a greater challenge for an autonomous robot. Monitoring the status of the battery power in the robot is therefore important for autonomous robotic systems. Docking and recharging are crucial abilities of autonomous mobile robot to ensure its performance. In this paper, the focus of attention is on the significance of power monitoring for long-term operation of autonomous robots and power estimation and auto-recharging. This paper attempts to brief about a literature review of complete solution for docking methods and recharging the battery of a mobile robot. Major progress is being done on both technology and exploitation of docking mechanism and recharging without any human intervention. This review paper gives the overview of related work in terms of immediate challenges for true energy autonomy in mobile robots with respect to battery technology, power estimation and auto recharging

Evaluation of 8th Semester Engineering Student’s Perception, Awareness and Behavior towards Plagiarism in BGS Institute of Technology at Adi Chunachangiri University

The aim of this study was to assess evaluation of 8th semester engineering student’s perception, awareness and behavior towards plagiarism in BGS Institute of Technology at Adi Chunachangiri University. The used survey design in which questionnaire was used to collect data. Altogether 250 questionnaires were distributed proportionally to respondents and 218 were collected with a response rate of 87.2%. Necessary statistical techniques and methods will be used to analyze the research data. After completion of the analysis the findings will be drawn and they will be presented in the form of report. The findings revealed the engineering college students of BGSIT (BGS Institute of Technology) using plagiarism for various purposes, purposes users using plagiarism is presented in table 7.4. Among the respondents with regard to the using plagiarism of ‘Learn How to Write’, majority of respondents biggest choice 126(57.8%) say ‘strongly agree’; with a highest mean value of 4.9 and SD being .915. The parameter among users in the awareness of ‘Plagiarisma’. It is observed that majority of the users says ‘strongly agree’ mean value of 4.16 and SD being .1.00 (Table-7.5). The respondents with regard to the behavior of ‘Sometimes it is necessary to plagiarize (if you have another important task to do you can plagiarize).’ more number of user biggest choice is 118(54.1) ‘strongly agree’ with highest mean value of 4.11 and SD being .1.26. (Table-7.9), for behaviors of Students about preparing and submitting an assignment in time in B G S Institute of Technology, 8th semester students

Phase shifting transformer to reduce power congestions and to redistribute power in interconnected systems

The increased penetration of wind and solar power, as well as the liberalized electricity market, makes the power system network interconnected and complex. As the power demand is increasing daily, the complexity of operating large power systems is also increasing. Congestion in the transmission network may become more common than previously, making power flow management a problem that becomes increasingly important. Unexpected power flows (also known as loop flows) are becoming a bigger issue in today's linked power networks. These flows have a detrimental impact on the safe functioning of integrated power networks, which hinders their ability to conduct cross-border trade. Phase shifting transformers (PSTs) allow real power flow to be controlled by changing the phase shift across the device. This study deals with two interconnected parallel power system networks and the power flow controlled through a PST in between. The simulation results emphasize the importance of the PST in facilitating the transfer of energy throughout the regional transmission interconnection

Screening of Novel Bioactive Natural Compounds and their Antibacterial Property from Resilient Marine Gastropod Planaxis sulcatus (Born, 1778) Collected from Karwar coast, West coast of India

The study aimed at identifying novel bioactive natural compounds from intertidal marine gastropod Planaxis sulcatus (Born, 1778) Collected from Karwar coast, West coast of India. Crude methanolic extract of intertidal marine gastropod Planaxis sulcatus was tested for preliminary zoochemical screening using standard methods to determine the presence of different chemical compounds: The crude extract was analysed using GC-MS to identify the bioactive components. The disc diffusion method was used to conduct an antibacterial experiment. Accordingly, the inhibition zone around the disc impregnated with gastropod extract was used to test the antibacterial activity. By using the micro broth dilution technique, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extract were determined. Standard zoochemical testing of the Planaxis sulcatus whole body extract revealed the presence of steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, and saponins. A total of 130 chemicals were identified as the bioactive components in the extract using GC-MS. Seventeen of these compounds have antimicrobial properties while eleven of these compounds have antioxidant properties, six of these have anticancer properties based on published literature. Some of the other compounds also suggest biological activities other than antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer which indicates potential biomedical applications. The gastropod extract showed noteworthy antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory zone of 12 mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and maximum 30 mm against Staphylococcus aureus at 40 μg/ml concentration. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was found to be 1.72 μg/ml, 1.87μg/ml, 1.99 μg/ml, and 1.87 μg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Escherichia coli respectively. The MIC value decrease with higher concentration of methanol extracts than that of the pure antibiotic. As a result, Klebsiella pneumonia exhibits higher MIC values and MIC-CFU (214). The tissue extract of Planaxis sulcatus possess bioactive compounds that have potent antibacterial effec