Metastatic Ewing's sarcoma to the right ventricle

Ewing's sarcoma is a round cell neoplasm derived from neural crest cells that is part of the primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) family. It is a rare, aggressive malignancy that affects young people, most commonly in the second decade of life. The treatment of localized disease has improved greatly over the past four decades, but the prognosis for metastatic disease remains poor. Cardiac metastases of Ewing's sarcoma are exceedingly rare, with only a few reported cases. This article presents a case of a 22 year old man with a history of Ewing's sarcoma of the bone involving the right kneepeer-reviewe

Modeling of Spray Combustion under Cryogenic and High Pressure Conditions

The paper concerns both the numerical and experimental investigation of turbulent liquid oxygen/hydrogen spray combustion for elevated subcritical pressure and cryogenic inlet temperature conditions. In particular, the combustion in the single injector combustion chamber is studied where experimental data are obtained for gas phase temperature and both droplet size and velocities. The model uses an Eulerian--Lagrangian formulation for the gas and the liquid phase, respectively. Detailed models for droplet heating and vaporization in a convective flow field are employed, and detailed gas phase reactions are accounted for through use of a flamelet model for turbulent spray combustion. The results show a very good agreement between experimental and computational spray characteristics. The computed gas phase temperature lies somewhat above the experimental values which is associated with CARS single shot measurements and incomplete data for the initial conditions of the combustion process

Resilience as a communal concept: Understanding adolescent resilience in the context of the Syrian refugee crisis in Bar Elias, Lebanon

Background: The conflict in Syria has led to the displacement of 1.5 million refugees into the neighboring country of Lebanon, with a majority that have yet to return to their homeland. Syrian adolescents in the town of Bar Elias in the Bekaa Valley, Lebanon have lived and grown in the face of resource-limited environments, restricted movement, and a longing for return. Resilience is manifested in the adaptation to such circumstances through close supportive relationships, social engagement, employment, and religion. There is a communal aspect to resilience that is important to the adolescent refugee experience and to the efforts supporting these communities. / Methods: Fifteen one-to-one interviews and two focus groups, with a total of eighteen Syrian adolescents, were analyzed using an inductive thematic analysis informed by grounded theory principles. Participants were recruited through partnering non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in the area, and ethical approval was granted through UCL and the American University in Beirut (AUB). / Results: Syrian adolescents highlighted supportive relationships, communal activities and spaces, memories of home, employment, and shared environments as integral elements to their personal adaptation. Methods of resilience involved social cohesion and establishing stability for one's family and close community. Adaptation to the present is intertwined with facing the consequences of displacement in this new context and maintaining aspirations for a bright future. Engaging with the environments they share and help create is an important facet of resilience and occurs through group gatherings , hobbies, and online communication. Additionally, inner strength can be derived from religious activities and empowers individual processing. / Conclusion: This study illuminates the elements and mechanisms embodied in these adolescents’ communities and relationships that allow for adaptation to life in Bar Elias. These factors strengthen their approach to overcome social barriers and practice resilience. These communal aspects of the adolescents’ lives also connect to their memories of home, current environment, and future aspirations

Enfermedad funcional tiroidea en la población de edad avanzada

ObjetivoDescribir la prevalencia de enfermedad funcional tiroidea (EFT) y otras afecciones asociadasa ella en una población de edad avanzadaDiseñoEstudio descriptivo transversalEmplazamientoCentro de atención primaria urbanoPacientesMuestra representativa de toda la poblacion atendida con edad . 60 anosMediciones principalesVariables demográficas, antecedentes clínicos de enfermedad tiroidea y afecciones asociadas a ella, índice de masa corporal, tests reducidos para el diagnóstico de depresión y ansiedad, Mini-Mental Test, electrocardiograma, determinación de colesterol total y colesterol unido a lipoproteínas de baja densidad (cLDL) y determinación de tirotropina y tiroxina libre si ésta estaba alteradaResultadosSe estudio a 192 personas, un 56% mujeres, con un 53% de 60–69 anos y un 12% con edad superior a 79 anos. Un 10% tenia antecedentes de EFT previa. La prevalencia de EFT activa fue del 13% (10,41% hipotiroidismo subclinico, 0,52% hipotiroidismo clinico, 1,56% hipertiroidismo subclinico y 0,52% hipertiroidismo clinico). La prevalencia de nuevos diagnosticos de EFT fue del 4,1% (7 hipotiroidismos y 1 hipertiroidismo, todos subclinicos). En el hipotiroidismo, se detectaron durante el estudio, las siguientes enfermedades: un 43% de trastornos de ansiedad, un 38% de sindromes depresivos, un 28,5% de deterioros cognitivos, un 9,5% de demencias, un 26% de alteraciones electrocardiograficas, un 47,6% de obesidad y un 28,5% de colesterol total . 250 mg/dl. En el hipertiroidismo se detectaron: un 50% de sindromes depresivos, un 25% de deterioros cognitivos, un 25% de alteraciones electrocardiograficas y un 50% de obesidadConclusionesLa prevalencia de EFT en la población de edad avanzada es superior a la de la población general, con un predominio del hipotiroidismo, las enfermedades subclínicas y las mujeres. Respecto a las enfermedades clásicamente asociadas a la disfunción tiroidea, se han observado pocas diferencias entre la población afectada de EFT y la no afectada. El papel del médico de atención primaria es importante para disminuir el infradiagnósticoObjectiveTo describe the prevalence of functional thyroid pathology (FTP) and pathologies associated with it in an elderly populationDesignDescriptive, cross-sectional studySettingUrban primary care centrePatientsRepresentative sample of the entire population attended that was 60 years old or overMain measurementsDemographic variables, clinicalhistory of thyroid pathology and pathology associated with it, Body Mass Index, small tests for diagnosing depression and anxiety, the mini-mental test, electrocardiogram, determination of total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, and of free thyrotrophin and thyroxin if it is disturbedResults192 people were studied, 56% women, 53% between 60 and 69 and 12% over 79 years old. 10% had a history of previous FTP. Prevalence of active FTP was 13% (10.41% sub-clinical hypothyroidism, 0.52% clinical hypothyroidism, 1.56% subclinical hyperthyroidism, and 0.52% clinical hyperthyroidism). Prevalence of new diagnoses of FTP was 4.1% (7 with hypothyroidism and 1 with hyperthyroidism, all sub-clinical). During the study the following pathology was detected in hypothyroidism sufferers: 43% anxiety disorder, 38% depressive syndrome, 28.5% cognitive deterioration, 9.5% dementia, 26% electrocardiographic disturbances, 47.6% obesity, and 28.5% with total cholesterol .250 mg/dL. In hyperthyroidism, 50% with depressive syndrome, 25% with cognitive deterioration, 25% with electrocardiographic disturbances, and 50% with obesity were detectedConclusionsFTP is more prevalent among theelderly than in the population as a whole, with predominance of hypothyroidism, subclinical pathology and among women. In terms of pathology traditionally linked to thyroid malfunction, few differences were found between the population affectedwith FTP and those not affected. Primary care doctors are important in reducing underdiagnosi

The total number and mass of SARS-CoV-2 virions in an infected person

Quantitatively describing the time course of the SARS-CoV-2 infection within an infected individual is important for understanding the current global pandemic and possible ways to combat it. Here we integrate the best current knowledge about the abundance of potential SARS-CoV-2 host cells and typical concentrations of virions in bodily fluids to estimate the total number and mass of SARS-CoV-2 virions in an infected person. We estimate that each infected person carries 109-1011 virions during peak infection, with a total mass of about 1 µg-0.1 mg, which curiously implies that all SARS-CoV-2 virions currently in the world have a mass of only 0.1-1 kg. Knowledge of the absolute number of virions in an infected individual can put into perspective parameters of the immune system response, minimal infectious doses and limits of detection in testing

Treatment of hypertriglyceridemia and HIV: fenofibrate-induced changes in the expression of chemokine genes in circulating leukocytes

Fenofibrate changed the expression of chemokine genes in circulating leukocytes of HIV-infected patients with hypertriglyceridemia. The data suggest that fenofibrate when effective in the treatment of lipoprotein abnormalities, may act as a modulator of systemic inflammation. This particular action, therefore, may also influence the clinical course of the disease

Do About Half the Top Quarks at FNAL Come From Gluino Decays?

We argue that it is possible to make a consistent picture of FNAL data including the production and decay of gluinos and squarks. The additional cross section is several pb, about the size of that for Standard Model (SM) top quark pair production. If the stop squark mass is small enough, about half of the top quarks decay to stop squarks, and the loss of SM top quark pair production rate is compensated by the supersymmetric processes. This behavior is consistent with the reported top quark decay rates in various modes and other aspects of the data, and suggests several other possible decay signatures. This picture can be tested easily with more data, perhaps even with the data in hand, and demonstrates the potential power of a hadron collider to determine supersymmetric parameters. It also has implications for the top mass measurement and the interpretation of the LEP $R_b$ excess.Comment: 18 pages, including 4 Postscript figures, uses epsf.tex, also available at http://www.hep.anl.gov/theory/mrenna