X-ray structural analysis and antitumor activity of new salicylic acid derivatives

This Thesis project is going to be situated in my home town Östersund, 600 kilometers north from Stockholm.It´s a small town with 60 000 people and it is the only city of the region Jämtland in Norrland, Sweden.In the city centre of Östersund there is one existing bus terminal station where the buses arrive with people from the entire region.The task for this Thesis project is to rebuild the existing bus station in Östersund where the actual terminal building is going to be completely demolished and the entire block within the current bus stops is going to be rearranged.The topography of the terminal area is now dividing the regional buses that arrives on the upper level from the city buses that stops at the lower level. Therefore the main challenge of the new proposal is how one would strengthen the junction between these two flows of people and how a new architecture could enable the encounter between the countryside and the urban city.Detta examensprojekt kommer att vara belägen i min hemstad Östersund, 600 kilometer norr om Stockholm. Det är en liten stad med 60 000 personer och det är den enda staden i regionen Jämtland, Norrland. I centrum av Östersund finns en befintlig bussterminalen där bussarna anländer med folk från hela regionen. Uppgiften för detta projekt är att bygga om den befintliga busstationen i Östersund topografin på terminalområdet i dagsläget separerar de regionala bussarna som anländer på den övre nivån från stadsbussarna som stannar på en lägre nivå. Den största utmaningen i det nya förslaget är hur man istället skulle kunna stärka förbindelsen mellan dessa två flöden av människor och hur en ny arkitektur kan möjliggöra mötet mellan glesbyggd och den urbana staden

The influence of 17-oxo- and 17-hydroxy-16,17-secoestratriene derivatives on estrogen receptor

Since many of newly synthesised D-secoestratriene derivatives showed antiestrogenic effect, with almost a total loss of estrogenic activity, we studied the effects of some of these compounds on estrogen receptors (ER), the translocation of the estrogen-ER complexes formed in presence of competing substances into the nucleus, as well as the binding of these complexes to DNA. The results of uterotrophic effects of analysed derivatives are in agreement with the influence of these compounds on activity and binding parameters of estrogen receptors. Namely, compounds that show relatively high antiestrogenic activity predominantly increase K-d and inhibit translocation to nuclei of radioactive complexes formed in their presence. On the other hand, compounds that do not significantly change binding parameters of estrogen receptors do not show antiestrogenic effect in in vivo experiments

The impact of sunflower and rapeseed lecithin on the rheological properties of spreadable cocoa cream

The rheological properties of spreadable cocoa cream containing lecithin of different origins (sunflower, rapeseed and soy lecithin) were investigated within this research. A laboratory ball mill was used to produce creams containing varying amounts of lecithin (0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 wt%). The effect of milling time was also studied (between 30, 40 and 50 min). Comparison between the different origins of lecithin revealed sunflower lecithin to be lower in viscosity than soy or rapeseed lecithin. Sunflower and rapeseed lecithins have a higher phosphatidilcholine content than soy lecithin. Increasing the lecithin concentration decreased the crystallization rate and increased the peak and conclusion temperatures in the cream fat phase. The type of lecithin used had no significant influence on the fat phase viscosity. It is found that the optimal rheological properties of spreadable cocoa cream can be achieved using 0.5 wt% of soy and rapeseed lecithin or 0.7 wt% of sunflower lecithin and 40-min milling time

Health-promoting phytochemicals of Italian common wheat varieties grown under low-input agricultural management

BACKGROUND: The increasing interest in organic food products and environmental friendly practices has emphasised the importance of selecting crop varieties suitable for the low-input sector. Moreover, in recent years the relationship between diet and human health has gained much attention among consumers. The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the agronomic performance and the nutrient and phytochemical composition of old and modern Italian wheat genotypes grown under low-input management. RESULTS: Research highlighted that several old wheat genotypes were comparable to the modern ones in terms of agronomic performance and nutrient content. Genotype and environmental conditions (growing season), as well as their interaction, significantly affected the phytochemical composition of wheat grains for most of the analysed bioactive compounds. High variability was observed among the wheat genotypes for dietary fibre (154.7\u2013183.3 g kg 121), polyphenol (1.94\u20132.77 mg g 121), tocopherol (9.1\u201321.2mg kg 121) and carotenoid (701.4\u20133243 \u3bcg kg 121) content. CONCLUSION: The comparative study of old and modern wheat varieties highlighted that, under low-input conditions, ancient genotypes may equal modern ones in terms of agronomic traits and additionally provide nutraceutical value-added wheat grains. The most promising ancient varieties for the unique phytochemical profiles are Gentil rosso, Marzuolo d\u2019aqui and Verna

Antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of mono- And bissalicylic acid derivatives

A simple synthesis of mono- and bis-salicylic acid derivatives 1-10 by the transesterification of methyl salicylate (methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate) with 3-oxapentane-1,5-diol, 3,6- dioxaoctane-1,8-diol, 3,6,9-trioxaundecane-1,11-diol, propane-1,2-diol or 1-aminopropan- 2-ol in alkaline conditions is reported. All compounds were tested in vitro on three malignant cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, PC-3) and one non-tumor cell line (MRC- 5). Strong cytotoxicity against prostate PC-3 cancer cells expressed compounds 3, 4, 6, 9 and 10, all with the IC50 less than 10 μmol/L, which were 11-27 times higher than the cytotoxicity of antitumor drug doxorubicin. All tested compounds were not toxic against the non-tumor MRC-5 cell line. Antioxidant activity of the synthesized derivatives was also evaluated. Compounds 2, 5 and 8 were better OH radical scavengers than commercial antioxidants BHT and BHA. The synthesized compounds showed satisfactory scavenger activity, which was studied by QSAR modeling. A good correlation between the experimental variables IC50 DPPH and IC50 OH and MTI (molecular topological indices) molecular descriptors and CAA (accessible Connolly solvent surface area) for the new compounds 1, 3, and 5 was observed

Potentiometric Surfactant Sensor for Anionic Surfactants Based on 1,3-dioctadecyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium tetraphenylborate

As anionic surfactants are used as cleaning agents, they pose an environmental and health threat. A novel potentiometric sensor for anionic surfactants based on the 1,3-dioctadecyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium tetraphenylborate (DODI–TPB) ionophore is presented. The newly developed approach for DODI–TPB synthesis is faster and simpler than the currently used strategies and follows the green chemistry principles. The DODI–TPB ionophore was characterized by computational and instrumental techniques (NMR, LC–MS, FTIR, elemental analysis) and used to produce a PVC-based DODI–TPB sensor. The sensor showed linear response to dodecylbenzenesulfonate and dodecyl sulfate in concentration ranges of 6.3 × 10−7–3.2 × 10−4 M and 5.9 × 10−7–4.1 × 10−3 M, for DBS and SDS, respectively. The sensor exhibits a Nernstian slope (59.3 mV/decade and 58.3 mV/decade for DBS and SDS, respectively) and low detection limits (7.1 × 10−7 M and 6.8 × 10−7 M for DBS and SDS, respectively). The DODI–TPB sensor was successfully tested on real samples of commercial detergents and the results are in agreement with the referent methods. A computational analysis underlined the importance of long alkyl chains in DODI+ and their C–H∙∙∙π interactions with TPB− for the ionophore formation in solution, thereby providing guidelines for the future design of efficient potentiometric sensors

The 1,3-Dioctadecyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium Based Potentiometric Surfactant Sensor for Detecting Cationic Surfactants in Commercial Products

A low-cost and fast potentiometric surfactant sensor for cationic surfactants, based on the new ion-pair 1,3-dioctadecyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-tetraphenylborate (DODI-TPB), is presented. The new cationic surfactant DODI-Br was synthesized and characterized by NMR, LC-MS, and elemental analysis, and was used for synthesis of the DODI-TPB ionophore. The DODI-TPB surfactant sensor was obtained by implementation of the ionophore in PVC. The sensor showed excellent response characteristics with near-Nernstian slopes to the cationic surfactants DMIC, CPC, CTAB, and Hyamine 1622. The highest voltage responses were obtained for DMIC and CPC (58.7 mV/decade of activity). DMIC had the lowest detection limit (0.9 × 10−6 M) and the broadest useful linear concentration range (1.8 × 10−6 to 1.0 × 10−4 M). An interference study showed remarkable stability. Potentiometric titration curves for the titration of cationic surfactants (DMIC, CPC, CTAB, and Hyamine 1622), with DDS and TPB used as titrants, showed sigmoidal curves with well-defined inflexion points and a broad signal change. The standard addition method was successfully applied with recovery rates from 98.9 to 101.2 at two concentrations. The amount of cationic surfactant found in disinfectants and antiseptics was in good agreement with the referent two-phase titration method and the surfactant sensor on the market. This new surfactant sensor represents a low-cost alternative to existing methods for cationic surfactant detection