Discusión teórica sobre la estabilidad de los isómeros E y Z de 4-hidroximinometilimidazol derivados

The preferabie stability of E and Z configuration in 1-aryl(alkyl)-4-hydroxyiminomethylimidazole and 1-aryl(alkyl) -2-benzilthio-4-hydroxyiminomethylimidazole is studied theoretically.Se realiza una discusión teórica sobre la estabilidad de las formas E y Z de 1-aril(alquil)-4-hidroximinometilimidazol y 1-aril(alquil)- 2-benciltio-4-hidroximinometilimidazol

Inhibidores potenciales de monoaminooxidasa: 4-(1-arilimidazolil) metilhidracina

N-Acetyl-N'-[ 4-(1-arylimidazolyl) methylene] hydrazine (II) is synthetized by reaction of 1-aryl-4-forrnylimidazole (1) with acetylhydrazine. Reduction of 11 yield N-acetyl-N: [4 -(arylimidazolyl) methyl] hydrazine (III). This compound give 4-(1-arylimidazolyl) methylhydrazine (IV) by hydrolisis with hydrochloric acid. The configuration of 11 has been established by  H-NMR.Se prepara N-acetil-N'- [4-(1-arilimidazolil) metilén] hidracina (11) por reacción de 1-aril-4-formilimidazol (1) con acetilhidracina. La reducción de 11 produce N-acetil-N'-[ 4-(1-arilimidazolil) metil] hidracina (III). Este último compuesto se transforma en 4-(1-arilimidazolil) metilhidracina (IV) por hidrólisis con ácido clorhídrico. La configuración de 11 se estabece mediante  H-RMN

4-(arilaminometil) Imidazol. 1. 1-p-tolil-4-(arilaminometil) imidazol

Se prepara 1-p-tolil-4-(ariliminometil) imidazol (1) por reacción de 1-p-tolil-4-formilimidazol con arilarnina. La reducción de 1 da 1-p-tolil-4-( arilarninometil) imidazol (II). La configuración de I se establece mediante H-RMN

Inhibidores potenciales de monoaminooxidasa: 4-(1-arilimidazolil) metilhidracina

Se prepara N-acetil-N'- [4-(1-arilimidazolil) metilén] hidracina (11) por reacción de 1-aril-4-formilimidazol (1) con acetilhidracina. La reducción de 11 produce N-acetil-N'-[ 4-(1-arilimidazolil) metil] hidracina (III). Este último compuesto se transforma en 4-(1-arilimidazolil) metilhidracina (IV) por hidrólisis con ácido clorhídrico. La configuración de 11 se estabece mediante H-RMN.N-Acetyl-N' -[ 4-(1-arylimidazolyl) methylene] hydrazine (III) is synthetized by reaction of l -aryl-4-forrnylimidazole (1) with acetylhydrazine. Reduction of II yield N-acetyl-N: [4-(arylimidazolyl) methyl] hydrazine (III). This compound give 4-(I-arylimidazolyl) methylhydrazine (IV) by hydrolisis with hydrochloric acid. The configuration of II has been established by 1 H-NMR

Bovine Tuberculosis in Doñana Biosphere Reserve: The Role of Wild Ungulates as Disease Reservoirs in the Last Iberian Lynx Strongholds

Doñana National Park (DNP) in southern Spain is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve where commercial hunting and wildlife artificial feeding do not take place and traditional cattle husbandry still exists. Herein, we hypothesized that Mycobacterium bovis infection prevalence in wild ungulates will depend on host ecology and that variation in prevalence will reflect variation in the interaction between hosts and environmental risk factors. Cattle bTB reactor rates increased in DNP despite compulsory testing and culling of infected animals. In this study, 124 European wild boar, 95 red deer, and 97 fallow deer were sampled from April 2006 to April 2007 and analyzed for M. bovis infection. Modelling and GIS were used to identify risk factors and intra and inter-species relationships. Infection with M. bovis was confirmed in 65 (52.4%) wild boar, 26 (27.4%) red deer and 18 (18.5%) fallow deer. In the absence of cattle, wild boar M. bovis prevalence reached 92.3% in the northern third of DNP. Wild boar showed more than twice prevalence than that in deer (p<0.001). Modelling revealed that M. bovis prevalence decreased from North to South in wild boar (p<0.001) and red deer (p<0.01), whereas no spatial pattern was evidenced for fallow deer. Infection risk in wild boar was dependent on wild boar M. bovis prevalence in the buffer area containing interacting individuals (p<0.01). The prevalence recorded in this study is among the highest reported in wildlife. Remarkably, this high prevalence occurs in the absence of wildlife artificial feeding, suggesting that a feeding ban alone would have a limited effect on wildlife M. bovis prevalence. In DNP, M. bovis transmission may occur predominantly at the intra-species level due to ecological, behavioural and epidemiological factors. The results of this study allow inferring conclusions on epidemiological bTB risk factors in Mediterranean habitats that are not managed for hunting purposes. Our results support the need to consider wildlife species for the control of bTB in cattle and strongly suggest that bTB may affect animal welfare and conservation

Arrillor cave (Basque Country, northern Iberian Penisula). Chronological, palaeo-environmental and cultural notes on a long Mousterian sequence

This research has been co-funded by different projects and institutions. In the first place, by the Prehistory Research Group at the UPVEHU (IT-622-13) and the PALEOGATE project (HAR2014-53536-P) of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO)

Síntesis de derivados de 4,5,5,7-tetrahidroindol

Se prepara 3-alquil-4-amino-2-metil-4,5,6,7-tetrahidroindol (lll) por reducción de 3-alquil-4-hidroxiimino-2-metil-4,5,6,7-tetrahidroindol (H) con Zn/AcOH. El compuesto II se ha obtenido por condensación de 3-alquil-2-metil-4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahidroindol (I) con hidroxilamina. La reacción del compuesto (lll) con N-(2-cloroetil)-N,N-dimetilamina dá 3-alquil-4-[(2-dimetilarninoetil)arnino]-2-metil-4,5,6,7-tetrahidroindol (IV)