44 research outputs found
Genetic diversity analysis of pearl millet (Pennisetum glauccum [L.] R. Br.) accessions using molecular markers
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was applied to pearl millet genotypes in order to assess the degree of polymorphisms within and among genotypes and to investigate if this approachwas suitable for genetic studies of pearl millet. 20 genotypes were evaluated using 30 different 10-mer primers of arbitrary sequence. Most of the primers did not reveal any polymorphism; however 12primers revealed scorable polymorphism between genotypes of pearl millet and these can be further evaluated for use in genetic mapping. Pair-wise comparisons of unique and shared polymorphic amplification products were generated by Jaccard’s similarity co-efficient. These similarity co-efficientswere employed to construct a dendrogram showing phylogenetic relationships using unweighted paired group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA). The UPGMA analysis indicated a higher similaritybetween genotype PT 2835/1 and PT 5552 and lowest similarity index was observed between PT 5554 and PT 2835/1. Analysis of RAPD data appears to be helpful in determining the genetic relationship among 20 pearl millet genotypes. The associations among the 20 genotypes were also examined with Principle components analysis (PCA) from Jaccard’s similarity co-efficient and it is more informative to analyze the extreme genotypes
Synchronization of decentralized event-triggered uncertain switched neural networks with two additive time-varying delays
This paper addresses the problem of synchronization for decentralized event-triggered uncertain switched neural networks with two additive time-varying delays. A decentralized eventtriggered scheme is employed to determine the time instants of communication from the sensors to the central controller based on narrow possible information only. In addition, a class of switched neural networks is analyzed based on the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional method and a combined linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique and average dwell time approach. Some sufficient conditions are derived to guarantee the exponential stability of neural networks under consideration in the presence of admissible parametric uncertainties. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the obtained results. 
Correlation Studies for Grain Yield Components and Nutritional Quality Traits in Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) Germplasm
Before selecting genotypes for nutritional quality characters (protein, oil and micronutrients content)
and anti-nutritional factor (phytic acid), it is important to know how much selection is likely to affect yield.
Using a diverse range of genotypes, relationships between quality traits with yield and yield attributes in pearl
millet were investigated. The number of productive tillers, panicle length, panicle girth, days to maturity,
100-grain weight were most important traits for maximizing grain yield owing to their high significant positive
association with grain yield. Phytate phosphorus and total phosphorus were significantly positive correlated
and it is therefore inferred that simple selection against phytate phosphorus is unlikely to lower phosphorus
concentration in pearl millet. No correlation between grain yield and protein content. These suggested that,
there is possibility of selection for increased protein content without detrimental effect on grain yield
Genetic diversity analysis of pearl millet (Pennisetum glauccum [L.] R. Br.) accessions using molecular markers
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was applied to pearl millet genotypes in order to assess the degree of polymorphisms within and among genotypes and to investigate if this approach was suitable for genetic studies of pearl millet. 20 genotypes were evaluated using 30 different 10-mer primers of arbitrary sequence. Most of the primers did not reveal any polymorphism; however 12 primers revealed scorable polymorphism between genotypes of pearl millet and these can be further evaluated for use in genetic mapping. Pair-wise comparisons of unique and shared polymorphic amplification products were generated by Jaccard’s similarity co-efficient. These similarity co-efficients were employed to construct a dendrogram showing phylogenetic relationships using unweighted paired group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA). The UPGMA analysis indicated a higher similarity between genotype PT 2835/1 and PT 5552 and lowest similarity index was observed between PT 5554 and PT 2835/1. Analysis of RAPD data appears to be helpful in determining the genetic relationship among 20 pearl millet genotypes. The associations among the 20 genotypes were also examined with Principle components analysis (PCA) from Jaccard’s similarity co-efficient and it is more informative to analyze the extreme genotypes
Homologs of Circadian Clock Proteins Impact the Metabolic Switch Between Light and Dark Growth in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
The putative circadian clock system of the facultative heterotrophic cyanobacterial strain Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 comprises the following three Kai-based systems: a KaiABC-based potential oscillator that is linked to the SasA-RpaA two-component output pathway and two additional KaiBC systems without a cognate KaiA component. Mutants lacking the genes encoding the KaiAB1C1 components or the response regulator RpaA show reduced growth in light/dark cycles and do not show heterotrophic growth in the dark. In the present study, the effect of these mutations on central metabolism was analyzed by targeted and non-targeted metabolite profiling. The strongest metabolic changes were observed in the dark in ΔrpaA and, to a lesser extent, in the ΔkaiAB1C1 mutant. These observations included the overaccumulation of 2-phosphoglycolate, which correlated with the overaccumulation of the RbcL subunit in the mutants, and taken together, these data suggest enhanced RubisCO activity in the dark. The imbalanced carbon metabolism in the ΔrpaA mutant extended to the pyruvate family of amino acids, which showed increased accumulation in the dark. Hence, the deletion of the response regulator rpaA had a more pronounced effect on metabolism than the deletion of the kai genes. The larger impact of the rpaA mutation is in agreement with previous transcriptomic analyses and likely relates to a KaiAB1C1-independent function as a transcription factor. Collectively, our data demonstrate an important role of homologs of clock proteins in Synechocystis for balanced carbon and nitrogen metabolism during light-to-dark transitions
Fuzzy Time Series Modeling for Paddy (Oryza sativa L.) Crop Production
Abstract This paper investigates predictive performance of fu zzy time series analysis method for paddy production trends. Parametric models such as linear, non-linear and time series analysis have been conventionally used for modeling univariate and multivariate time series data sets. However, these analyses have several limitations such as assumption of the model, stationarity, normality, randomness etc. Particularly fo r non linear dataset, difficult ies exist in time series practice. Fuzzy time series analysis is first suggested by Song and Chisso
Optimization and characterization of green synthesized silver nanoparticles and its inhibitory activity against biofilm forming bacterial pathogens
In the present study, antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized from entophytic fungi extracts were analysed against biofilm forming bacteria include the Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical specimens. Therefore, we tried to establish a combination of medicinal and nanotechnology possibly with the field of medicine for the development of antibacterial agents against these strains. The nanoparticles were characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, the presented and capped molecules of proteins with nanoparticles was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD).
UV–visible studies display an absorption band at 420 nm due to surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) of the silver nanoparticles. The intra cellular synthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) size 15-35 nm was determination of X-ray diffraction (XRD) crystal calculation, antimicrobial activity higher than the standard antibiotic. The nanoparticle treated with isolated bacteria as result macromolecule of proteins denatures and oozing out the cells and measure the Bradford method. The nanoparticle treated bacterial cells were compared to negative control more amount of protein released. The nano size establishing the silver nanoparticles directly bind with DNA of the pathogenic bacterial strains most important to higher antimicrobial activity
Genetic Variability And Heritability Of Grain Yield Components And Grain Mineral Concentration In India’S Pearl Millet (Pennisetum Glaucum (L) R. Br.) Accessions
Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) is an important cereal in
semi-arid tropics in Africa and India. Conventionally, millet has good
amounts of grain minerals compared to other cereals. Estimation of
genetic parameters would be useful in developing appropriate breeding
and selection strategies. The present study was conducted to evaluate
the local pearl millet accessions to assess the magnitude of
variability and to understand the heritable component of variation
present in the yield and nutritional characters. A field trial was laid
under the complete randomized block design (RCBD) with three
replications; observation were recorded on eight morphological and
seven nutritional characters (as detailed in material and methods)
including anti-nutritional properties such as phytate content among 61
genotypes collected from millet collection. The phenotypic co-efficient
of variation (PCV) was greater than genotypic co-efficient of variation
(GCV) for all the characters studied; this shows the influence of
environmental factors on the characters. The phosphorus content had
expressed the highest phenotypic and genotypic variances (845.30 and
772.08, respectively). The magnitudes of phenotypic and genotypic
variances were low for the 100 grain weight (0.001 for both phenotypic
and genotypic variance). High estimates of genetic co-efficient of
variation, heritability and genetic advance were exhibited by iron and
crude fat content. Heritability is a measure of possible genetic
advancement under selection. High heritability was observed for all the
traits under study except seed weight which had moderate heritability.
High value of heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per
cent of mean were recorded for number of productive tillers, crude
protein, crude fat, phytate, phosphorus, calcium, iron and zinc
content, indicating the important role of additive gene action for the
expression of these characters. Therefore, selection based on these
characters could bring about desired improvement in yield as well as
nutritional quality of pearl millet cultivars
Genetic Variability And Heritability Of Grain Yield Components And Grain Mineral Concentration In India’S Pearl Millet (Pennisetum Glaucum (L) R. Br.) Accessions
Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) is an important cereal in
semi-arid tropics in Africa and India. Conventionally, millet has good
amounts of grain minerals compared to other cereals. Estimation of
genetic parameters would be useful in developing appropriate breeding
and selection strategies. The present study was conducted to evaluate
the local pearl millet accessions to assess the magnitude of
variability and to understand the heritable component of variation
present in the yield and nutritional characters. A field trial was laid
under the complete randomized block design (RCBD) with three
replications; observation were recorded on eight morphological and
seven nutritional characters (as detailed in material and methods)
including anti-nutritional properties such as phytate content among 61
genotypes collected from millet collection. The phenotypic co-efficient
of variation (PCV) was greater than genotypic co-efficient of variation
(GCV) for all the characters studied; this shows the influence of
environmental factors on the characters. The phosphorus content had
expressed the highest phenotypic and genotypic variances (845.30 and
772.08, respectively). The magnitudes of phenotypic and genotypic
variances were low for the 100 grain weight (0.001 for both phenotypic
and genotypic variance). High estimates of genetic co-efficient of
variation, heritability and genetic advance were exhibited by iron and
crude fat content. Heritability is a measure of possible genetic
advancement under selection. High heritability was observed for all the
traits under study except seed weight which had moderate heritability.
High value of heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per
cent of mean were recorded for number of productive tillers, crude
protein, crude fat, phytate, phosphorus, calcium, iron and zinc
content, indicating the important role of additive gene action for the
expression of these characters. Therefore, selection based on these
characters could bring about desired improvement in yield as well as
nutritional quality of pearl millet cultivars