An experience of practitioners navigating the role of patient/caregiver

This journey involved one of us having (repeat) intraspinal surgery in a country far from home but of a similar culture and with the same first language. The carer travelled across the world to be present during the hospital stay. We kept a journal during our admission, and following discharge realised there were significant differences between how we had documented our experience and the record presented in the clinical notes. The particular examples we present illustrate the relationships, rules and issues that we navigated. We share our experience in the form of moments from our journal, some of them alongside information recorded in the clinical notes for the corresponding timeframe. This provides insights into differing narratives between the experiences of the patient/caregiver and practitioners. We recommend that individual practitioners and organisations consider the lived experience of patients and how they consciously engage with patients/carers to address the risk of ‘othering’

A new, Gaia based, catalogue of blue straggler stars in open clusters

Blue straggler stars are exotic objects present in all stellar environments whose nature and formation channels are still partially unclear. They seem to be particularly abundant in open clusters (OCs), thus offering a unique chance to tackle these problems statistically.We aim to build up a new and homogeneous catalogue of blue straggler stars (BSS) in Galactic OCs using Gaia to provide a more solid assessment of the membership of these stars. We also aim to explore possible relationships of the straggler abundance with the parent cluster's structural and dynamical parameters. As a by-product, we also search for possible yellow straggler stars (YSS), which are believed to be stragglers in a more advanced evolution stage. We employed photometry, proper motions, and parallaxes extracted from Gaia DR2 for 408 Galactic star clusters and searched for stragglers within them after performing a careful membership analysis. The number of BBS emerging from our more stringent, selection criteria turns out to be significantly smaller than in previous versions of this catalogue. OCs are therefore not a preferable environment for these kinds of stars anymore. In addition, we found that BSS start to appear in clusters with ages larger than log(t) ~ 8.7 and are therefore absent in very young star clusters.The present catalogue supersedes the previous ones in several ways: membership assessment, number of stragglers found, and so forth. The new list includes 897 BSS and 77 YSS candidates in 408 OCs. We expect this catalogue to be the basis for a new round of studies of BSS and YSS.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in A&A Journal on 22/02/202

Chemical evolution of the metal poor Globular Cluster NGC 6809

We present the abundances analysis for a sample of 11 red giant branch stars in the metal-poor globular cluster NGC 6809 based on high-resolution spectra. Our main goals are to characterize its chemical composition and analyze this cluster's behavior associated with the Multiple Population (MPs) phenomenon. In our work we obtained the stellar parameters and chemical abundances of 24 elements (O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Sc, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Ba, La, Ce, Eu, Nd and Dy). We found a radial velocity of 174.7 $\pm$ 3.2 km $s^{-1}$ and a mean iron content of [Fe/H]=-2.01 $\pm$ 0.02 in good agreement with other studies. Moreover, we found a large spread in the abundances of the light elements O, Na and Al confirming the presence of a Na-O anti-correlation a Na-Al correlation. The Mg-Al anti-correlation is also present in our cluster. The $\alpha$ and iron-peak elements show good agreement with the halo field star trend. The heavy elements are dominated by the r-process.Comment: 13 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in MNRA

Automaticity of lexical access in deaf and hearing bilinguals: Cross-linguistic evidence from the color Stroop task across five languages

The well-known Stroop interference effect has been instrumental in revealing the highly automated nature of lexical processing as well as providing new insights to the underlying lexical organization of first and second languages within proficient bilinguals. The present cross-linguistic study had two goals: 1) to examine Stroop interference for dynamic signs and printed words in deaf ASL-English bilinguals who report no reliance on speech or audiological aids; 2) to compare Stroop interference effects in several groups of bilinguals whose two languages range from very distinct to very similar in their shared orthographic patterns: ASL-English bilinguals (very distinct), Chinese-English bilinguals (low similarity), Korean-English bilinguals (moderate similarity), and Spanish-English bilinguals (high similarity). Reaction time and accuracy were measured for the Stroop color naming and word reading tasks, for congruent and incongruent color font conditions. Results confirmed strong Stroop interference for both dynamic ASL stimuli and English printed words in deaf bilinguals, with stronger Stroop interference effects in ASL for deaf bilinguals who scored higher in a direct assessment of ASL proficiency. Comparison of the four groups of bilinguals revealed that the same-script bilinguals (Spanish-English bilinguals) exhibited significantly greater Stroop interference effects for color naming than the other three bilingual groups. The results support three conclusions. First, Stroop interference effects are found for both signed and spoken languages. Second, contrary to some claims in the literature about deaf signers who do not use speech being poor readers, deaf bilinguals’ lexical processing of both signs and written words is highly automated. Third, cross-language similarity is a critical factor shaping bilinguals’ experience of Stroop interference in their two languages. This study represents the first comparison of both deaf and hearing bilinguals on the Stroop task, offering a critical test of theories about bilingual lexical access and cognitive control

The blue straggler population of the open clusters Trumpler 5, Trumpler 20, and NGC 2477

We present a study, based on Gaia DR2, of the population of blue straggler stars (BSS) in the open clusters Trumpler 5, Trumpler 20, and NGC 2477. All candidates were selected according to their position in the color-magnitude diagram, to their proper motion components, and to their parallax. We also looked for yellow stragglers, i.e., possible evolved blue stragglers. We found that Trumpler 5 hosts a large BSS population, which allowed us to analyze their radial distribution as a probe of the cluster's dynamical status. The BSS distribution was compared with that of red giant branch stars (RGB) to evaluate mass segregation. Our results indicate that blue straggler stars are not more centrally concentrated than RGB stars in any of the clusters. The radial distribution of BSS in Trumpler 5 is flat. Additionally, using a multi-epoch radial velocity survey conducted with the high-resolution spectrograph FLAMES/GIRAFFE at VLT, we measured the radial velocities of a sample of stragglers, for the sake of comparison with the mean radial velocity and the velocity dispersion of the clusters. Based on the radial velocity variations for different epochs, we roughly classified these stars as possible close-or long-period binaries.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in A

The effects of social norms on motivation crowding: experimental evidence from the Tibetan Plateau

A growing literature examines conditions under which financial incentives for behavior change can undermine "crowd out" or reinforce ("crowd in") other sources of motivation for the behavior in question. Some of this literature points to a potential role of social norms, but it has not attempted to quantify that role. We present an interdisciplinary model from economics and communication science that measures the effects of financial incentives on social norms and their joint effects on behavior, including after incentives have ended. In a framed field experiment with Tibetan herders in Qinghai, China, we find that a temporary payment for participation in a patrol against illegal wildlife trapping reinforces a perceived injunctive norm that this conservation behavior meets with social approval. This norm remains heightened even after the payment has ended, continuing to positively influence the decision to participate in anti-trapping patrols in the experiment. This finding suggests that, under certain circumstances, a carefully framed incentive for conservation behavior can support injunctive norms in favor of conservation behavior.USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project [MICL02244, MICL02173, MICL02362]; National Science Foundation [SMA-1328503]This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Space charge behaviour in epoxy laminates under high constant electric field

The development of space charge in insulating materials is one of the main causes of their electrical ageing. The pulsed electro-acoustic method is often used to determine space charge distribution, but the signal analysis in the case of laminate structures is much more complex to analyse. In this paper the authors describe and use a simulated signal in order to study laminates made of epoxy resin and fibre mat. The relatively large conductivity of the fibres compared with that of the resin seems to produce a rapid charge dissociation and recombination in the fibres. Under voltage the presence of fibres close to an electrode seems to promote charge injection