Evaluation of genetic diversity of Iranian grapevine accessions using microsatellite markers

Research Note

On Franklin’s relativistic rotational transformation and its modification

Unlike the Lorentz transformation which replaces the Galilean transformation among inertial frames at high relative velocities, there seems to be no such a consensus in the case of coordinate transformation between inertial frames and uniformly rotating ones. There have been some attempts to generalize the Galilean rotational transformation to high rotational velocities. Here we introduce a modified version of one of these transformations proposed by Philip Franklin in 1922. The modified version is shown to resolve some of the drawbacks of the Franklin transformation, specially with respect to the corresponding spacetime metric in the rotating frame. This new transformation introduces non-inertial eccentric observers on a uniformly rotating disk and the corresponding metric in the rotating frame is shown to be consistent with the one obtained through Galilean rotational transformation for points close to the rotation axis. Employing the threading formulation of spacetime decomposition, spatial distances and time intervals in the spacetime metric of a rotating observer's frame are also discussed.Comment: 30 pages, 2 figures, replaced with the published versio

Quantum Correlations in Neutrino Oscillation: Coherence and Entanglement

In this paper, we consider the quantum correlations, coherence and entanglement, in neutrino oscillation. We find that the $l_{1}$-norm as a coherence measure is equal to sum of the three possible concurrences for measuring the entanglement among different flavor modes which were calculated in the paper by (M. Blasone et al., Europhys. Lett., {\bf 112}, 20007). Our result shows that the origin of the flavor entanglement in neutrino oscillation is the same as that of quantum coherence. Furthermore, in the wave packet framework, the variation of $l_{1}$-norm is investigated by varying the wave packet width $\sigma_{x}$. As it is expected the amount of coherence increases by $\sigma_{x}$ due to the increase in the overlapping of the mass eigenstates.Comment: 12 pages; 1 figur

Oro-Dental Health Status and Salivary Characteristics in Children with Chronic Renal Failure

Children suffering from decreased renal function may demand unique considerations regarding special oral and dental conditions they are encountered to. It is mentioned that renal function deterioration may affect the hard or soft tissues of the mouth. Having knowledge about the high prevalence of dental defects, calculus, gingival hyperplasia, modified salivary composition and tissue responses to the dental plaque may aid the physician and the dentist to help nurture the patient with chronic renal failure through the crisis, with an aesthetically satisfying and functioning dentition

Epidemiology of Poisonings in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan, Iran

Background: Poisoning is a major public health problem and is one of the most common causes of referral to emergency departments. The aim of this study was to evaluate and define clinical and demographic details of poisoned patients who were admitted to Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan, Iran in 2010.Methods: In this descriptive-analytical and retrospective study, necessary data were collected from medical records of admitted poisoned patients and were evaluated prospectively and statistically analyzed and presented in the form of tables and graphs.Results: Of 163 poisoned patients in this study, 47.6% were females and 52.4% were male. 88% of patients were from urban areas and the rest from rural areas. The most common reason of poisoning was suicide 50.6%, while 38.1% were accidental, and 11.3% had a variety of different reasons. Age group of 0-10 years was the most predominant affected group with 26.8% poisoned patients. The most common poisoning agents were clonazepam, acetaminophen, diazepam and methadone. Four patients in the study population died (2.4%).Conclusion: The medications are the leading causes of poisoning, especially in children. Therefore, parents are advised to keep the medicines correctly, out of sight and reach of children, read the label carefully; learn about their safety and the right way of their use. It is also recommended to immediately dispatch the poisoned child to the emergency department. Giving the crucial information about the poisoning to help the medical staff to treat the child effectively and quickly, reduce the hospitalization period, and possibility of child death

The relationship between five-factor model and diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder-fifth edition personality traits on patients with antisocial personality disorder

Background: Despite the fact that new criteria of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) in diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-fi fth edition (DSM-5) were resulted from fi ve-factor model (FFM), there is a small amount of studies that investigate the relations between proposed personality traits and FFM. Also, cross-cultural study in this fi eld continuously would be needed. Th e aim of the present study was to evaluate the relation between the FFM and DSM-5 ASPD pathological traits. Materials and Methods: Th is study was a crosssectional study design. Th e participants consisted of 122 individuals with ASPD that selected from prisoners (73.0), outpatients (18.0), and inpatients (9.0). Th ey were recruited from Tehran Prisoners, and Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry Clinics of Razi and Taleghani Hospitals, Tehran, Iran, since 2013-2014. Th e Sample was selected based on judgmental sampling. Th e structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis II disorders-Personality Questionnaire, NEO-Personality Inventory-Revised, and DSM-5 personality trait rating form were used to diagnosis and assessment of personality disorder. Pearson correlation has been used for data analysis. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS 16 software. Results: Th e results indicate that neuroticism (N) has positive signifi cant relationship with hostility (r = 0.33, P < 0.01), manipulativeness (r = 0.25, P < 0.01), deceitfulness (r =.23, P < 0.01), impulsivity (r = 0.20, P < 0.05), and negative relation with risk taking (r = �0.23, P < 0.01). Also, there was signifi cant relationship between extraversion (E) with manipulativeness (r = 0.28, P < 0.01) and deceitfulness (r = 0.32, P < 0.01). Agreeableness and conscientiousness have negative signifi cant relation with DSM-5 traits. In addition, results showed that there is positive signifi cant relationship between FFM and DSM-5 personality traits with DSM-fourth edition-text revision (DSM-IV-TR) ASPD symptoms (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Except manipulativeness, deceitfulness, and callousness, there is positively signifi cant relationship between DSM-5 ASPD traits and DSM-IV-TR ASPD symptoms. Th e present study helps to understand the adequacy of dimensional approach to evaluation of ASPD pathology, specifi cally on Iranian sample. © 2015 Journal of Research in Medical Sciences

Dentin thickness of the danger zone in the mesial roots of the mandibular molars: a cone beam computed tomography analysis

BACKGROUND: Mandibular first molars appear to be the most commonly tooth subjected to a root canal treatment, therefore a better understanding of the anatomy critical zones for resistance of this teeth may decrease the treatment's failure rate. So, this study was conducted to evaluate the dentin thickness of the danger zone in mesial roots of mandibular first molars using cone beam computed tomography in an Iranian population. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 210 Cone Beam Computed Tomography acquisition of the mandibular first molars were collected from a radiology center in Qazvin. The dentin thickness of the mesial roots (mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals) was measured from the furcation to 5 mm below. The relationship between the dentin thickness in the danger zone and parameters, like age, gender, placement side, root length, the curvature of the canal, canal type, presence of middle mesial canal, and distance between the orifices of the mesial canals was investigated. Frequency, mean and standard deviation for variables were calculated, and data analysis was done by SPSS using simple and multiple linear regression and Pearson correlation coefficient. Also, two-sample t-test was used to compare mesiobuccal and mesiolingual on two sides. The significant level was also considered at (p &lt; 0.05). RESULTS: The average minimum thickness of danger zone dentin was found to be 0.885 ± 0.259 mm in the mesiobuccal canal and 0.906 ± 0.206 mm in the mesiolingualcanal. Also, the minimum thickness of dentin in the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals in the range of 0 to 1 mm from the furcation was more than in other areas. There was no significant relationship between the minimum dentin thickness of the danger zone with gender, placement side, root length, canal type, and mesial canal entrance distance. But with increasing age, the thickness of dentin in the danger zone in the mesiolingualcanal increased significantly (p = 0.008). It was also observed that with the increase in the curvature of the canal, the thickness of the dentin in the danger zone in the mesiobuccal canal decreased (moderately curved (p = 0.008), severely curved (p = 0.046)). In addition, the thickness of the dentin in the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canal was less in the samples with the middle mesial canal (p = 0.047, 0.044). CONCLUSIONS: Less dentin thickness in the danger zone in the mesial roots of mesiolingual mandibular first molars was seen in younger patients in mesiolingual canal, with a greater degree of canal curvature in the mesiobuccal canal and teeth with a middle mesial canal. Therefore, it is suggested that large taper instruments should be used with more precision to prevent complications

Calibrating the zenith of dinosaur diversity in the Campanian of the Western Interior Basin by CA-ID-TIMS U-Pb geochronology

The spectacular fossil fauna and flora preserved in the Upper Cretaceous terrestrial strata of North America’s Western Interior Basin record an exceptional peak in the diversification of fossil vertebrates in the Campanian, which has been termed the ‘zenith of dinosaur diversity’. The wide latitudinal distribution of rocks and fossils that represent this episode, spanning from northern Mexico to the northern slopes of Alaska, provides a unique opportunity to gain insights into dinosaur paleoecology and to address outstanding questions regarding faunal provinciality in connection to paleogeography and climate. Whereas reliable basin-wide correlations are fundamental to investigations of this sort, three decades of radioisotope geochronology of various vintages and limited compatibility has complicated correlation of distant fossil-bearing successions and given rise to contradictory paleobiogeographic and evolutionary hypotheses. Here we present new U–Pb geochronology by the CA-ID-TIMS method for 16 stratigraphically well constrained bentonite beds, ranging in age from 82.419 ± 0.074 Ma to 73.496 ± 0.039 Ma (2σ internal uncertainties), and the resulting Bayesian age models for six key fossil-bearing formations over a 1600 km latitudinal distance from northwest New Mexico, USA to southern Alberta, Canada. Our high-resolution chronostratigraphic framework for the upper Campanian of the Western Interior Basin reveals that despite their contrasting depositional settings and basin evolution histories, significant age overlap exists between the main fossil-bearing intervals of the Kaiparowits Formation (southern Utah), Judith River Formation (central Montana), Two Medicine Formation (western Montana) and Dinosaur Park Formation (southern Alberta). Pending more extensive paleontologic collecting that would allow more rigorous faunal analyses, our results support a first-order connection between paleoecologic and fossil diversities and help overcome the chronostratigraphic ambiguities that have impeded the testing of proposed models of latitudinal provinciality of dinosaur taxa during the Campanian

Capacitor Placement in Distorted Distribution Network Subject to Wind and Load Uncertainty

Utilizing capacitor banks is very conventional in distribution network in order for local compensation of reactive power. This will be more important considering uncertainties including wind generation and loads uncertainty. Harmonics and non-linear loads are other challenges in power system which complicates the capacitor placement problem. Thus, uncertainty and network harmonics have been considered in this paper, simultaneously. Capacitor placement has been proposed as a probabilistic harmonic problem with different objectives and technical constraints in the capacitor placement problem. Minimizing power and energy loss and capacitor prices are considered as objectives. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Differential Evolution (DE) algorithms have been used to solve the optimization problem. Loads are subjected to uncertainty with normal probabilistic distribution function (PDF). Auto Regressive and Moving Average (ARMA) time series and two point estimate method have also been utilized to simulate the wind speed and to perform the probabilistic load flow, respectively. Finally, the proposed method has been implemented on standard distorted test cases in different scenarios. Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) has also been used to verify the probabilistic harmonic power flow. Simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method

Development of a store-and-forward telescreening system of diabetic retinopathy: lessons learned from Iran

Background: The present study describes the development and identity phases of a teleophthalmology system used for screening of diabetic retinopathy. Methods: A questionnaire was used to identify the main factors necessary for diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy and the features required for a teleophthalmology system. In the second phase, a web-based prototype of the system was designed using the data collected in the previous phase. In the final phase, the system was optimized based on the users� ideas and comments; then, it was evaluated through a standard usability testing questionnaire. Results: The results showed that the lowest average percentages were related to ethnicity (61), optometrist�s office address (61), and consultant physician�s office address (65). A web-based prototype was designed using the Visual Studio and Dreamweaver programming tools. This system comprised patient identity data, medical history, clinical data, and retinal images of the patient. The mean score of usability testing and user satisfaction including specialists, residents, and optometrist was 7.3, 7.1 and 7.3 (out of a total 9), respectively. The evaluation results revealed that the system was classified as good. Conclusion: The telescreening system suggested in the current study could be helpful in timely diagnosis. Moreover, it would reduce the treatment costs and complexities. Regardless of the positive points of telemedicine systems, one of the most challenges in this study was the Internet infrastructure to design and apply the system. The future studies, therefore, could focus on the application of cell phone technology for rendering teleophthalmology. © 2018, Springer International Publishing AG