A T1-Hypointense Intracranial Dermoid Cyst

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Simultaneous Supratentorial and Infratentorial Pilocytic Astrocytomas in an Adult Patient with Concurrent Neurofibromatosis Type 1 and HIV Infection

BACKGROUND: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) has been identified as a predisposing factor in the development of pilocytic astrocytoma (PA), a common benign central nervous system tumor. Although this is a common association, simultaneous development of multiple lesions is an infrequent finding, especially in nonoptic and hypothalamic locations. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 41-year-old female patient with NF1 and uncontrolled human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 infection presented with a first generalized seizure and associated headache and ataxia. Imaging studies revealed 2 large intra-axial PAs, nodular-cystic in the supratentorial compartment and solid in the infratentorial compartment. Both lesions were treated by gross total resection in 2 surgeries performed 1 week apart. Despite their different imaging patterns, the tumors were histologically and genetically identical. CONCLUSIONS: We present a unique case involving 2 histologically and genetically identical PAs occurring simultaneously in supratentorial and infratentorial locations. We suggest that an intrinsic predisposition to tumor development in patients with NF1 might have been enhanced by the HIV-related immunosuppression in this case. Strict oncologic surveillance is essential in patients with a tumor predisposition syndrome combined with immunosuppression.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Electrochemical Redox Behavior of Omeprazole Using a Glassy Carbon Electrode

The electrochemical redox behavior of omeprazole (OMZ), a gastric acid pump inhibitor, was investigated at a glassy carbon electrode using cyclic, differential pulse and square-wave voltammetry over a wide pH range. The pH-dependent oxidation occurs in two irreversible consecutive charge transfer reactions. Adsorption of the non-electroactive product was also observed. The first oxidation involves removal of one electron, followed by deprotonation and leads to the formation of a hydroxylated species. The second oxidation process is related to the hydroxyl and amino groups in the benzimidazole moiety. The reduction is irreversible, also pH-dependent, and occurs in a single step at the sulfoxide group in a diffusion-controlled mechanism. The diffusion coefficient of omeprazole was calculated to be D(OMZ) = 2.31 x 10(-6) cm(2) s(-1).Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Electrochemical Redox Behavior of Omeprazole Using a Glassy Carbon Electrode

Abstract The electrochemical redox behavior of omeprazole (OMZ), a gastric acid pump inhibitor, was investigated at a glassy carbon electrode using cyclic, differential pulse and square-wave voltammetry over a wide pH range. The pHdependent oxidation occurs in two irreversible consecutive charge transfer reactions. Adsorption of the nonelectroactive product was also observed. The first oxidation involves removal of one electron, followed by deprotonation and leads to the formation of a hydroxylated species. The second oxidation process is related to the hydroxyl and amino groups in the benzimidazole moiety. The reduction is irreversible, also pH-dependent, and occurs in a single step at the sulfoxide group in a diffusion-controlled mechanism. The diffusion coefficient of omeprazole was calculated to be D OMZ ¼ 2.31 Â 10 À6 cm 2 s À1

The development of a guideline for evaluating dental health education materials for dental auxiliaries

The redox mechanism of two trisubstituted triazole-linked phenyl derivatives (CL41 and CL42) and a disubstituted triazole-linked phenyl derivative (CL2r50) were studied using cyclic, differential pulse and square wave voltammetry at a glassy carbon electrode. The CL41, CL42 and CL2r50 oxidation is a complex, pH-dependent irreversible process involving the formation of electroactive products that undergo two consecutive reversible oxidation reactions. The DNA interaction with CL41, CL42 and CL2r50 was investigated by differential pulse voltammetry using the dsDNA-electrochemical biosensor and in DNA/trisubstituted triazole incubated solutions. All three trisubstituted triazole-linked phenyl derivatives interacted with dsDNA causing morphological and oxidative damage to the dsDNA structure in a time-dependent manner. The DNA-electrochemical biosensor enabled the detection of oxidative damage to DNA following the occurrence of the 8-oxoGua and/or 2,8-oxoAde oxidation peaks

Antineoplasic Drug Methotrexate Redox Mechanism Using a Glassy Carbon Electrode

Methotrexate (MTX) is an antimetabolite of folic acid indicated in the treatment of a variety of cancers. The electrochemical behaviour of MTX on a glassy carbon electrode was investigated. The MTX oxidation is a complex, pH-dependent, diffusion-controlled irreversible process and proceeds with the transfer of two electrons and two protons and the formation of one electroactive product, 7-hydroxymethotrexate that undergoes a reversible redox reaction. The MTX reduction is a pH-dependent, quasi-reversible process and involves the transfer of two electrons and two protons leading to the formation of an electroactive product.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Code of practice for medical autopsies: a minimum standard position paper for pathology departments performing medical (hospital) autopsies in adults.

The medical autopsy (also called hospital or clinical autopsy) is a highly specialised medical procedure, which requires professional expertise and suitably equipped facilities. To ensure high standards of performance, the Working Group of Autopsy Pathology of the European Society of Pathology (ESP) suggests a code of practice as a minimum standard for centres performing medical autopsies. The proposed standards exclusively address autopsies in adults, and not forensic autopsies, perinatal/or paediatric examinations. Minimum standards for organisation, standard of premises, and staffing conditions, as well as minimum requirements for level of expertise of the postmortem performing specialists, documentation, and turnaround times of the medical procedure, are presented. Medical autopsies should be performed by specialists in pathology, or by trainees under the supervision of such specialists. To maintain the required level of expertise, autopsies should be performed regularly and in a number that ensures the maintenance of good practice of all participating physicians. A minimum number of autopsies per dedicated pathologist in a centre should be at least 50, or as an average, at least one autopsy per working week. Forensic autopsies, but not paediatric/perinatal autopsies may be included in this number. Turnaround time for final reports should not exceed 3 weeks (14 working days) for autopsies without fixation of brain/spinal cord or other time-consuming additional examinations, and 6 weeks (30 working days) for those with fixation of brain/spinal cord or additional examinations

Enhancing genetic fitness while maintaining genetic variability in Araucaria angustifolia.

Araucaria angustifolia fornece madeira, sementes comestíveis e fármacos e possui uma ecologia única (antes compartilhada com a dos dinossauros), mas agora está ameaçada de extinção. Aqui, avaliou-se e reconciliou-se objetivos contrários de aumentar a aptidão genética e manter a variabilidade genética durante a conservação ex-situ de A. angustifolia em um teste de procedencias e progênie para melhorar o vigor de crescimento. Após 33 anos do plantio, a altura, o diâmetro à altura do peito, volume e a sobrevivência das árvores foram medidos. Os componentes da variância e as estimativas dos parâmetros genéticos foram determinados utilizando o método REML/BLUP. Dezesseis cenários de seleção foram testados usando duas estratégias: seleção entre e dentro das progênies, e seleção apenas dentro das progênies, cada um para oito intensidades de seleção de árvores de sobrevivência total no ensaio (7,6, 11,5, 15,3, 19,1, 22,9, 26,8, 30,6 e 34,4%). Variação genética significativa entre procedências e progênies foi detectada para todos os caracteres. Para todos os caracteres de crescimento, a herdabilidade no nível médio (0,419-0,542) e dentro das progênies (0,186-0,207) mostrou a possibilidade de melhoramento da população pela seleção entre e dentro da progênie. A estratégia de seleção mais eficaz para melhorar o fenótipo de crescimento, mantendo um tamanho efetivo da população próximo ao original foi a seleção de 19,1% dos indivíduos dentro das progênies (três fêmeas e dois machos). Isso preservou variabilidade genética suficiente entre e dentro das procedências e resultou em ganho genético, possibilitando a produção de sementes de maior valor