Three-dimensional flows about simple components at angle of attack

The structures of three dimensional separated flow about some chosen aerodynamic components at angle of attack are synthesized, holding strictly to the notion that streamlines in the external flow (viscous plus inviscid) and skin friction lines on the body surface may be considered as trajectories having properties consistent with those of continuous vector fields. Singular points in the fields are of limited number and are classified as simple nodes and saddles. Analogous flow structures at high angles of attack about blunt and pointed bodies, straight and swept wings, etc., are discussed, highlighting the formation of spiral nodes (foci) in the pattern of the skin friction lines. How local and global three dimensional separation lines originate and form is addressed, and the characteristics of both symmetric and asymmetric leeward wakes are described

Topology of three-dimensional separated flows

Based on the hypothesis that patterns of skin-friction lines and external streamlines reflect the properties of continuous vector fields, topology rules define a small number of singular points (nodes, saddle points, and foci) that characterize the patterns on the surface and on particular projections of the flow (e.g., the crossflow plane). The restricted number of singular points and the rules that they obey are considered as an organizing principle whose finite number of elements can be combined in various ways to connect together the properties common to all steady three dimensional viscous flows. Introduction of a distinction between local and global properties of the flow resolves an ambiguity in the proper definition of a three dimensional separated flow. Adoption of the notions of topological structure, structural stability, and bifurcation provides a framework to describe how three dimensional separated flows originate and succeed each other as the relevant parameters of the problem are varied

On issues concerning flow separation and vortical flows in 3 dimensions

This review provides an illustrated introduction laying the knowledge base for vortical flows about three dimensional configurations that are of typical interest to aerodynamicists and researchers in fluid mechanics. The paper then compiles a list of ten issues, again in illustrative format, that the authors deem important to the understanding of complex vortical flows. These issues and our responses to them provide, it is hoped, a skeletal framework on which to hang the ensuing conference proceedings

Estimación del censo de guiones de codornices Crex crex: una aplicación de la individualidad vocal a la conservación

Vocal individuality could be used to estimate numbers of individuals in species otherwise difficult to monitor. However, the usefulness of this technique in providing conservation information is little studied. The vocalisations of the Corncrake show a high level of individual istinctiveness. This fact was used to examine current counting methods and estimate movement patterns within one breeding season. Information on individual identity gained from vocalisations increased census estimates by 20–30% and showed that male Corncrakes called less frequently than previous studies had suggested. Males moved greater distances in areas with lower availability of suitable habitat. The conservation implications of these results are discussed.La individualidad vocal puede utilizarse para estimar el número de individuos en especies que de otra manera sería difícil controlar. Sin embargo, la utilidad de esta técnica para obtener información acerca de la conservación ha sido poco estudiada. La vocalización del guión de codornices muestra un alto grado de diferenciación individual, lo que se utilizó para examinar métodos de recuento y estimar patrones de movimiento durante la época de reproducción. La información basada en la identificación individual a partir de las vocalizaciones incrementó la estimación del censo en un 20–30% y mostró que el macho del guión de codornices efectuaba cantos de llamada con menor frecuencia de lo que otros estudios previos sugerían. Los machos recorren grandes distancias en áreas que presentan una escasa disponibilidad de hábitats adecuados. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos resultados en cuanto a la conservación

Natriuretic peptide receptors regulate cytoprotective effects in a human ex vivo 3D/bioreactor model

© 2013 Peake et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

Do High Performance Work Systems Pay for Small Firms? An Intellectual Capital Building Perspective

Prior research suggests that small firms often struggle with human resource management, and limited research indicates that high performance work systems may assist firms in boosting their level of performance via the construction of intellectual resources for the firm. However, exploration of these phenomena in the small firm context is limited. We examine the mediating role of intellectual capital on the relationship between HPWS implementation levels and firm performance and find that a mediating impact is present for sales growth, profit growth, and perceived performance. Results suggest that HPWS implementation enhances small firm performance via intellectual capital building

Enhancing learning experience by collaborative industrial projects

This paper presents how collaborative industrial project are embedded into engineering curriculum at two departments: School of Science and the School of Engineering, at RMIT University, Australia. We introduce general structure of the industrial projects as Work Integrated Learning (WIL) modules, as well as provide a number of examples of recently completed projects. Industrial summer projects, which were running in the years 2015/16 in collaboration with ANZ, ABB, Alfred Hospital, etc., were pipelined with final year projects from the School of Engineering as well as with the Software Engineering Projects (Bachelor and Master level) from the School of Science. The goal of these projects was to enable continuity of activities as per industry requirements and enhance learning experience, as well as, employability of the students. All the projects were successfully completed, also receiving positive feedback from industry partners. Some of the projects led to student's employment within the companies that have sponsored the projects. With this approach, Future Designers Grant from the Department of State Development, Business and Innovation, Victoria, was efficiently implemented and a new product developed. After receiving Bosch Venture Forum Award in Germany, in June 2015 industry collaboration has extended to new partner, School of Science and activities continued over the summer. New design is implanted as well as large number of improvements

The role of vocal individuality in conservation

Identifying the individuals within a population can generate information on life history parameters, generate input data for conservation models, and highlight behavioural traits that may affect management decisions and error or bias within census methods. Individual animals can be discriminated by features of their vocalisations. This vocal individuality can be utilised as an alternative marking technique in situations where the marks are difficult to detect or animals are sensitive to disturbance. Vocal individuality can also be used in cases were the capture and handling of an animal is either logistically or ethically problematic. Many studies have suggested that vocal individuality can be used to count and monitor populations over time; however, few have explicitly tested the method in this role. In this review we discuss methods for extracting individuality information from vocalisations and techniques for using this to count and monitor populations over time. We present case studies in birds where vocal individuality has been applied to conservation and we discuss its role in mammals

A study of the social and physical environment in catering kitchens and the role of the chef in promoting positive health and safety behaviour

This is the account of a mixed method study of chefs and their kitchens in order to identify the nature of their workplace and how this affects their ability to manage health and safety in the kitchen. It included extended periods of observation, monitoring of physical parameters, analysis of records of reported accidents, and a series of reflexive interviews. The findings were integrated and then fed back in a smaller number of second interviews in order to test whether the findings fitted in with the chefs' understanding of their world. Major factors identified included survival in a market environment, the status of the chef (and the kitchen) within organisations, marked autocracy of chefs, and an increasing tempo building up to service time with commensurate heat, noise, and activity. In particular during the crescendo, a threshold shift in risk tolerance was identified. The factors, their interplay, and their implications for health and safety in the catering kitchen are discussed