An influence of the SS316L powder particle shape to the densification of metal injection moulding (MIM) compact

Metal injection molding (MIM) has acquired increasing importance as a production technique for small, complex stainless steel components [1, 2]. Sintering is critical for determining the final quality of the parts produced by MIM. Because high sintered density is imperative for good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, achieving full or near-full density has been a major objective of sintering [3]. Therefore, most research on 316L stainless steel sintering to date has focused on the sintering behavior of the molded parts especially for gas-atomised powder in argon environment [3-6]. An understanding of the factors influencing densification of stainless steels is important as over 50% of the injection molded and sintered components are made from stainless steel compositions [7]. In a metal injection molding (MIM) process, gas-atomised powder is generally used due to their high packing density and associated feedstock rheology. The sintered components exhibit mechanical and corrosion properties similar or superior to that of wrought material. Water-atomised powders in MIM can be economical and have an improvement in shape retention during debinding and sintering. However, their use comes with a penalty of lower powder loading and sintered density, with a corresponding degradation in the mechanical and corrosion properties. Studies reveal that injection molded and sintered components using water-atomised 316L stainless steel powders have a residual porosity of 3–5% for similar particle characteristics and sintering conditions as that of gas-atomised powders [5]. This article investigates a densification of SS316L gas and wateratomised compact sintered in high vacuum environment at temperature ranging from 1340 to 1400 °C

Stagnation-point flow towards a strecthing surface immersed in a micropolar fluid with prescribed surface heat flux

The steady two dimensional boundary layer flow adjacent to the stagnation point on a stretching surface immersed in a micropolar fluid was investigated. The stretching and the free stream velocities were assumed to vary linearly from the stagnation point. The governing partial differential equations were transformed into ordinary differential equations before being solved numerically by a finite-difference scheme known as the Keller box method. Both assisting and opposing flows were considered. The boundary layer was formed when the free stream velocity exceeds the stretching velocity, whereas the inverted boundary layer was formed when the free stream velocity is less than the stretching velocity. The numerical results showed that the shear force decreased for micropolar fluid compared to Newtonian fluid, and in consequence decreased the heat transfer rate at the surface

Work, family and women's well-being : the influence of culture

This chapter examines work and family roles in relation to women 5 wellbeing. However, the emphasis is on the influence ofculture on how work and family roles are perceived and practiced, and the resulting implications for women 5 well-being. With the increase in the number ofwomen in the Malaysian workforce, the extent to which cultural values and practices may affect this relationship needs to be considered. The paper starts by providing an overview of the literature on women 5 roles and well-being, followed by research in Malaysia on the position ofwomen in Malaysian society and a description of typical contemporary women. As culture defines the appropriate roles ofmen and women, this gendered ideology is considered within the context of the Malays and Chinese, with probable implications for their well-being. Finally, several recommendations are proposed to take into account womens changed experiences, expectations and context

A Study On Conceptual Design of a Drone for Transportation in The Agricultural Sector

A drone is a fast-growing technology that has been used in many applications in the world. The drone also is a new solution for the transportation process in the agricultural sector. The primary purpose of this project is to explore the potential of drone or Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to reduce the dependence on fossil-fueled vehicles to transport the crops within the farm and from the farm to the seller. The use of drones will create lower emission of carbon dioxide and toxic gases that are usually generated by fossil-fueled vehicles. Besides, this research is also essential to reduce the health issues that currently appear from agriculture activities. The objective of this project is to determine the parameters to design a suitable drone for transportation in the agricultural sector. In addition, the design of the drone must be able to carry a maximum of 10 kg of payload, which can be analyzed by simulation and analysis. The simulation and analysis are performed by SolidWorks software. The conceptual design of the drone is proposed by following the George E. Dieter model of the design process. In addition, a simulation on the strength of the drone components and analysis on the thrust of the motor have been conducted to verify the proposed drone design concept based on the determined parameters. The cost estimation of the drone is about RM17683.65 and the overall weight is 26.823 kg. In conclusion, the drone design concept for transportation in the agricultural sector is proposed as a preliminary study for future works

Fast transient simulation of IEEE recommended surge arrester model on a transmission line using alternative transient program (ATP)

This study presents the outcomes of the performance evaluation simulation residual voltage output resulting from lightning arrestors IEEE Recommended model. This simulation uses software Alternative Transient Program - Electromagnetic transients Programmed (ATP-EMTP). This software is very appropriate in examining the behavior of the system, especially a high voltage system lines. As a result of the comparison can be made in the system of 132kV transmission line between systems that are not supplied with lightning arrestors, system supplied with lightning arrestors with conventional styles and systems supplied with lightning arrestors IEEE Recommended model. The results of the simulation study comparisons can be made by taking into account the peak voltage at sub transient conditions. This situation can determine the 132kV transmission line system can protect the equipment properly. Selection lightning 10kA with the 8μs fast front surge and trailing the current time is 20μs is appropriate in the circumstances lightning eruption in Malaysia. In this research, 132kV transmission line parameter tower need to be enclosed by the actual value of the output to the accurate or almost accurate in determining the ability of a lightning arrester in the system

Distribution of tetrodotoxin among tissues of pufferfish from Sabah and Sarawak waters

Puffer fish, mainly from Tetraodontidae family known to possess a neurotoxin or tetrodotoxin (TTX) which can cause a puffer fish poisoning and adverse effect to human health. In current study, the tetrodotoxin (TTX) concentration in different tissues (liver, skin, muscle) of 14 species of puffer fish from Sabah and Sarawak waters were analysed and determined by application of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Overall, extracted toxin for all specimens were shown to be toxic with result more than 0.2 μg/g as calculated based on TTX standard curve. Among the tissues, liver were found to be highest in TTX concentration (91.0 μg/g), followed by muscle (51.1 μg/g) and skin (6.87 μg/g). Moreover, TTX concentrations among puffer fish species were significantly differences (p<0.05) with Arothron immaculatus (275 μg/g) showed highest mean value, while the lowest value was detected in Lagocephalus lunaris (4.92 μg/g). From this finding, LC-MS/MS application could be a potential tools to determine the TTX and advisedly used as a procedure in screening of seafood for monitoring program. Furthermore, baseline data of TTX levels in selected puffer fish from the study could be important information and used as guideline in order to mitigate puffer fish poisoning cases especially in East Malaysia waters

The role of local orography on the development of a severe rainfall event over western Peninsular Malaysia: a case study

Severe rainfall events are common in western Peninsular Malaysia. They are usually short and intense, and occasionally cause flash floods and landslides. Forecasting these local events is difficult and understanding the mechanisms of the rainfall events is vital for the advancement of tropical weather forecasting. This study investigates the mechanisms responsible for a local heavy rainfall event on 2 May 2012 that caused flash floods and landslides using both observations and simulations with the limited-area high-resolution UK Met Office Unified Model (MetUM). Results suggest that previous day rainfalls over Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra Island influenced the development of overnight rainfall over the Strait of Malacca by low-level flow convergence. Afternoon convection over the Titiwangsa mountains over Peninsular Malaysia then induced rainfall development and the combination of these two events influenced the development of severe convective storm over western Peninsular Malaysia. Additionally, anomalously strong low-level north-westerlies also contributed to this event. Sensitivity studies were carried out to investigate the influence of the local orography on this event. Flattened Peninsular Malaysia orography causes a lack of rainfall over the central part of Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra Island and produces a weaker overnight rainfall over the Strait of Malacca. By removing Sumatra Island in the final experiment, the western and inland parts of Peninsular Malaysia would receive more rainfall, as this region is more influenced by the westerly wind from the Indian Ocean. These results suggest the importance of the interation between land masses, orography, low-level flow and the diurnal cycle on the development of heavy rainfall events

Potential application of LDPE plastic waste into tiles

Plastic has interesting characteristics which makes it the most used material in the world. However, plastic is known to be a non-biodegradable material which unable to naturally decompost in soil and thus contribute to environmental issue. As alternative, plastic waste has been recycled to produce quality and sustainable construction materials as the source is abundant. Thus, this study is carried out to utilize plastic waste particularly low density polyethylene (LDPE) and with sand in manufacturing tiles in two different sand and plastic waste ratios of 2:1 and 2:2. The tiles manufactured were further analyzed for their water absorption and compressive strength. It was found that the tiles made of mixture ratio of 2:2 have higher compressive strength and lower weight compared to that of 2:1 ratio. The average weight of tiles for 2:1 ratio was 891.59 g, while ratio 2:2 produced tiles with weight of 1319.5 g. Tiles manufactured from the plastic waste also showed better water absorption and compressive strength compared to normal cement tiles

Isti‘mār Al-Arḍ: The Concept of Prosperity for the Earth from Qur‘ānic Perspective

This article tries to uncover the concept of prosperity of the earth which begins with verse 61 of Sūrat Hūd, then continues by connecting it with other verses in the Qur‟ān and the Ḥadīth. The concept contains a message or a strong signal, even a command that humans can prosper the earth as a form of environmental preservation by maintaining the balance of nature. The method used is the thematic tafsīr or al-tafsīr al-mawḍū'ī which sees the verses of the Qur‟ān as a unified meaning and confirms that in the Qur‟ān there are no verses that contradict the others. This article found that God created humans from the earth and God told them to manage and prosper it while banning it from spoiling it. The earth and all its contents are intended for the survival and comfort of human life. This article concludes that the damage that has ever happened on earth is a result of human activity itself that does not act as God commands

Self-adaptive Based Model for Ambiguity Resolution of The Linked Data Query for Big Data Analytics

Integration of heterogeneous data sources is a crucial step in big data analytics, although it creates ambiguity issues during mapping between the sources due to the variation in the query terms, data structure and granularity conflicts. However, there are limited researches on effective big data integration to address the ambiguity issue for big data analytics. This paper introduces a self-adaptive model for big data integration by exploiting the data structure during querying in order to mitigate and resolve ambiguities. An assessment of a preliminary work on the Geography and Quran dataset is reported to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed model that motivates future work such as solving complex query