Quantitative infrared thermography resolved leakage current problem in cathodic protection system

Leakage current problem can happen in Cathodic Protection (CP) system installation. It could affect the performance of underground facilities such as piping, building structure, and earthing system. Worse can happen is rapid corrosion where disturbance to plant operation plus expensive maintenance cost. Occasionally, if it seems, tracing its root cause could be tedious. The traditional method called line current measurement is still valid effective. It involves isolating one by one of the affected underground structures. The recent methods are Close Interval Potential Survey and Pipeline Current Mapper were better and faster. On top of the mentioned method, there is a need to enhance further by synthesizing with the latest visual methods. Therefore, this paper describes research works on Infrared Thermography Quantitative (IRTQ) method as resolution of leakage current problem in CP system. The scope of study merely focuses on tracing the root cause of leakage current occurring at the CP system lube base oil plant. The results of experiment adherence to the hypothesis drawn. Consequently, res

Performance of blood glucose management protocols in HTAA intensive care unit

Insulin Infusion Therapy (IIT) has been implemented in Malaysia Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for decades to control blood glucose level (BGL) among critically ill patients. In this study, clinical data of 210 patients treated with IIT-HTAA protocol and the minimum length of stay of 1 day were analysed. BGL, insulin and nutrition inputs were fitted using Intensive Control Insulin Nutrition Glucose (ICING) model to generate the insulin sensitivity numerically by iterative-integral method. The 95% of confidence interval and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (p 10.0 mmol/L is 19.7% while 32.8% for HTAA Protocol. The drawback from this positive result is the increment of hypoglycaemic patients (HTAA Protocol: 9; STAR: 36). Thus, STAR is the best solution in controlling the patients' BG level especially in Malaysian cohort but the enhancement of STAR have to be done to prevent the risk of hypoglycaemia by introducing patient-specific nutrition controller that can be combined with insulin infusion

Performance of blood glucose management protocols in HTAA intensive care unit

Abstract—Insulin Infusion Therapy (IIT) has been implemented in Malaysia Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for decades to control blood glucose level (BGL) among critically ill patients. In this study, clinical data of 210 patients treated with IIT-HTAA protocol and the minimum length of stay of 1 day were analysed. BGL, insulin and nutrition inputs were fitted using Intensive Control Insulin Nutrition Glucose (ICING) model to generate the insulin sensitivity numerically by iterative-integral method. The 95% of confidence interval and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (p<0.05) were used to evaluate the performance of protocol between the Stochastic TARgeted (STAR) and HTAA protocols per cohorts and per patients. Results indicates BG median [with IQR] recorded in STAR protocol for the whole cohort statistics is lower than HTAA Protocol where 7.4 mmol/L [5.7-9.4] and 8.6 mmol/L [6.8-10.9] respectively. STAR is successful in lowering the BGL which can be seen from the % BG > 10.0 mmol/L is 19.7% while 32.8% for HTAA Protocol. The drawback from this positive result is the increment of hypoglycaemic patients (HTAA Protocol: 9; STAR: 36). Thus, STAR is the best solution in controlling the patients’ BG level especially in Malaysian cohort but the enhancement of STAR have to be done to prevent the risk of hypoglycaemia by introducing patient-specific nutrition controller that can be combined with insulin infusion

Study on the enhancement of Malaysian ICU centre and introduction of STAR performance

Stress-induced hyperglycaemia commonly occurred in the ICU. It is known that the majority of the ICU centre in Malaysia is using intensive insulin therapy (IIT) protocol in order to control glucose level in critically ill patient blood within the targeted level to achieve required safety goals. However, alterations to the current practice needed to be considered to minimize the risk of hypoglycaemia and mortality while reducing the case of hyperglycaemia event. Therefore, the objective of this research paper is to weigh and evaluate the performance of a modern practice known as Stochastic Targeted (STAR) Protocol in managing blood glucose (BG) levels in Malaysia ICU cohort and to compare its performance between the three participating hospitals (HTAA, HUSM and PPUM) via MATLAB simulations. STAR is a tablet-computer based protocols that provide patient-specific glucose control framework accounting for patient variability with a stochastically derived maximum 5% risk of hypoglycaemia events. The in-silico trials were simulated with controlled goal feed (GF) and without GF. Only one type of nutrition is considered in this study, which is Glucerna. The results show that all three ICU centre with STAR simulation have a tight glycemic control with HTAA (83.6%), HUSM (76.8%) and PPUM (80.6%) in terms of BG within the targeted band of 4.0–10.0 mmol/L. Also, the median BG measurement level and insulin secretion shows decrease in percentage for all ICU cohort, HTAA (12.3%; 30.2%), HUSM (21.6%; 9.9%) and PPUM (17.9%; 13.3%). The insulin sensitivity (SI) of STAR simulations have a significant increas