321 research outputs found
Long-time dynamics of Rouse-Zimm polymers in dilute solutions with hydrodynamic memory
The dynamics of flexible polymers in dilute solutions is studied taking into
account the hydrodynamic memory, as a consequence of fluid inertia. As distinct
from the Rouse-Zimm (RZ) theory, the Boussinesq friction force acts on the
monomers (beads) instead of the Stokes force, and the motion of the solvent is
governed by the nonstationary Navier-Stokes equations. The obtained generalized
RZ equation is solved approximately. It is shown that the time correlation
functions describing the polymer motion essentially differ from those in the RZ
model. The mean-square displacement (MSD) of the polymer coil is at short times
\~ t^2 (instead of ~ t). At long times the MSD contains additional (to the
Einstein term) contributions, the leading of which is ~ t^(1/2). The relaxation
of the internal normal modes of the polymer differs from the traditional
exponential decay. It is displayed in the long-time tails of their correlation
functions, the longest-lived being ~ t^(-3/2) in the Rouse limit and t^(-5/2)
in the Zimm case, when the hydrodynamic interaction is strong. It is discussed
that the found peculiarities, in particular an effectively slower diffusion of
the polymer coil, should be observable in dynamic scattering experiments.Comment: 6 page
Current State of Women in Academic Surgical Subspecialties: How a New Metric in Measuring Academic Productivity May Change the Equation
Design and real time implementation of nonlinear sliding surface with the application of super-twisting algorithm in nonlinear sliding mode control for twin rotor MIMO system
This paper proposes the design of a nonlinear sliding surface based on the principle of variable damping concept for 2-degree of freedom Twin Rotor Multiple input Multiple output System (2-dof TRMS). The implementation of the designed nonlinear sliding surface in real time is demonstrated. Super-twisting algorithm is applied in nonlinear sliding mode control. The nonlinear sliding surface enables the system trajectory to be highly robust and with the application of super-twisting algorithm in nonlinear sliding mode controller (SMC), the designed controller has minimized the problem of chattering considerably. The system is modeled in such a way that it includes all nonlinearities and coupling effects. A decoupler is designed to nullify the coupling effect. This scheme is capable of reducing both the settling time and peak overshoot simultaneously for 2-dof TRMS. The scheme also reduces the chattering. The proposed method is compared with the design using PID controller. The applicability of the designed nonlinear sliding surface and nonlinear SMC with super-twisting algorithm have been tested both in simulation and in real time. This research paper is mainly dealing with the modeling of Twin rotor MIMO system by including all nonlinearities and coupling effects, the decoupler design for 2-dof TRMS, the design of nonlinear sliding surface for 2-dof TRMS and application of super-twisting algorithm in nonlinear sliding mode control for 2-dof TRMS
Caring for families experiencing stillbirth: evidence-based guidance for maternity care providers
Abstract not availableMicah D.J. Peters, Karolina Lisy, Dagmara Riitano, Zoe Jordan, Edoardo Aromatari
Design and real time implementation of nonlinear sliding surface with the application of super-twisting algorithm in nonlinear sliding mode control for twin rotor MIMO system
This paper proposes the design of a nonlinear sliding surface based on the principle of variable damping concept for 2-degree of freedom Twin Rotor Multiple input Multiple output System (2-dof TRMS). The implementation of the designed nonlinear sliding surface in real time is demonstrated. Super-twisting algorithm is applied in nonlinear sliding mode control. The nonlinear sliding surface enables the system trajectory to be highly robust and with the application of super-twisting algorithm in nonlinear sliding mode controller (SMC), the designed controller has minimized the problem of chattering considerably. The system is modeled in such a way that it includes all nonlinearities and coupling effects. A decoupler is designed to nullify the coupling effect. This scheme is capable of reducing both the settling time and peak overshoot simultaneously for 2-dof TRMS. The scheme also reduces the chattering. The proposed method is compared with the design using PID controller. The applicability of the designed nonlinear sliding surface and nonlinear SMC with super-twisting algorithm have been tested both in simulation and in real time. This research paper is mainly dealing with the modeling of Twin rotor MIMO system by including all nonlinearities and coupling effects, the decoupler design for 2-dof TRMS, the design of nonlinear sliding surface for 2-dof TRMS and application of super-twisting algorithm in nonlinear sliding mode control for 2-dof TRMS
Noise effects in polymer dynamics
The study of the noise induced effects on the dynamics of a chain molecule
crossing a potential barrier, in the presence of a metastable state, is
presented. A two-dimensional stochastic version of the Rouse model for a
flexible polymer has been adopted to mimic the molecular dynamics and to take
into account the interactions between adjacent monomers. We obtain a
nonmonotonic behavior of the mean first passage time and its standard
deviation, of the polymer centre of inertia, with the noise intensity. These
findings reveal a noise induced effect on the mean crossing time. The role of
the polymer length is also investigated.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Intern. Journ. of Bifurcation and
Chaos, 200
Infrared Spectra and Ab Initio Calculations for the F-−(CH4)n (n = 1−8) Anion Clusters
Infrared spectra of mass-selected F-−(CH4)n (n = 1−8) clusters are recorded in the CH stretching region (2500−3100 cm-1). Spectra for the n = 1−3 clusters are interpreted with the aid of ab initio calculations at the MP2/6-311++G(2df 2p) level, which suggest that the CH4ligands bind to F- by equivalent, linear hydrogen bonds. Anharmonic frequencies for CH4 and F-−CH4 are determined using the vibrational self-consistent field method with second-order perturbation theory correction. The n = 1 complex is predicted to have a C3v structure with a single CH group hydrogen bonded to F-. Its spectrum exhibits a parallel band associated with a stretching vibration of the hydrogen-bonded CH group that is red-shifted by 380 cm-1 from the ν1 band of free CH4 and a perpendicular band associated with the asymmetric stretching motion of the nonbonded CH groups, slightly red-shifted from the ν3 band of free CH4. As nincreases, additional vibrational bands appear as a result of Fermi resonances between the hydrogen-bonded CH stretching vibrational mode and the 2ν4 overtone and ν2 + ν4combination levels of the methane solvent molecules. For clusters with n ≤ 8, it appears that the CH4 molecules are accommodated in the first solvation shell, each being attached to the F- anion by equivalent hydrogen bonds
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