Fuzzy Differential Subordination Involving Generalized Noor-Salagean Operator

The well-known technique of subordination has recently been extended from the geometric function theory to the fuzzy set theory by several authors. In this paper, we use the notion of fuzzy differential subordination to introduce certain fuzzy classes using the generalized Noor-Salagean operator. Certain interesting results are established for these classes

Pengaruh Ekstrak Tape Ubi Ungu (Ipomoea Batatas L.) Terhadap Kadar Ast Dan Alt Darah Tikus Setelah Aktifitas Fisik Maksimal

Background : physical activity can cause oxidative stress and tissue damage. Lier is an important organ that has many functions. Physical activity reduces blood perfusion to the liver and can damage liver cells. Consuming exogenous antioxidants is one way to prevent cell damage from oxidative stress. Purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is one source of antioxidants due to the high content of antosianin. Fermentation can increase the stability of antioxidants.Aim : To investigate the effect of fermented purple sweet potato extracts (Ipomoea batatas L.) with AST and ALT levels in blood after maximal physical activityMethods : This study uses a true experimental design with post test only control group design in male rats. The research uses 24 samples of rats with 4 different treatments. The treatment whom given is fermented purple sweet potatoes extracts (Ipomoea batatas L.) and provision of maximum physical activity in rats, while the output is AST and ALT levels in rats blood.Results:Posthoc LSD test was observed that AST and ALT levels is higher and significant difference (AST: p=0,012 dan ALT: p=0,037) on rats with maximum physical activity (AST K2=241,04±49,20 / ALT K2=94,76±32,29) compare with control group (AST K1=178,28 ± 39,60/ ALT K1=68,58 ± 11,26). Group with consumption of fermented purple sweet potatoes extract for 7 days (AST K3=162,64 ± 21,76 / ALT K3=52,98 ± 7,77) have lower but not significant difference (AST: p=0,488 dan ALT: p=0,194) with control group (AST K1=178,28 ± 39,60/ ALT K1=68,58 ± 11,26). AST and ALT levels on rats who was given fermented purple sweet potatoes extract and doing maximum physical activity (AST K4=187,54 ± 20,08/ ALT K4=63,7 ± 9,82) lower and significant difference (AST: p=0,027dan ALT: p=0,016) with group who was doing maximum physical activity(AST K2=241,04±49,20 / ALT K2=94,76±32,29).Conclusion: There is a significant effect of the fermented purple sweet potato extract (Ipomoea batatas L.) with AST and ALT levels in rat blood after maximum physical activit

The Mediation Effect of Trusting Beliefs on the Relationship Between Expectation-Confirmation and Satisfaction with the Usage of Online Product Recommendation

Online Product Recommendations (OPRs) are increasingly available to onlinecustomers as a value-added self-service in evaluating and choosing a product.Research has highlighted several advantages that customers can gain from usingOPRs. However, the realization of these advantages depends on whether and towhat extent customers embrace and fully utilise them. The relatively low OPR USAgerate indicates that customers have not yet developed trust in OPRs’ performance.Past studies also have established that satisfaction is a valid measure of systemperformance and a consistent significant determinant of users’ continuous systemusage. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the mediation effect of trustingbeliefs on the relationship between expectation-confirmation and satisfaction. Theproposed research model is tested using data collected via an online survey from626 existing users of OPRs. The empirical results revealed that social-psychologicalbeliefs (perceived confirmation and trust) are significant contributors to customersatisfaction with OPRs. Additionally, trusting beliefs partially mediate the impactof perceived confirmation on customer satisfaction. Moreover, this study validatesthe extensions of the interpersonal trust construct to trust in OPRs and examinesthe nomological validity of trust in terms of competence, benevolence, andintegrity. The findings provide a number of theoretical and practical implications.&nbsp

Studi Kasus : Analisis Peningkatan Efisiensi Thrust Akibat Penerapan Energy Saving Device pada Kapal Tanker Pertamina (Persero) 40000 LTDW dengan Ansys Fluent Menggunakan Metode Moving Mesh

Energy Saving Device (ESD) merupakan alat yang berfungsi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi gaya dorong pada kapal, sehingga energi yang dikeluarkan oleh mesin kapal tidak mengalami loss energy yang cukup berpengaruh pada konsumsi bahan bakar. Alat ini dipasang di sekitar propeller, yang tujuannya untuk mengurangi hambatan pada daerah propeller sehingga hambatan yang dialami oleh kapal dapat berkurang. PT. Pertamina (PERSERO) selaku BUMN yang bergerak di bidang minyak dan gas, membutuhkan kapal tanker yang ramah konsumsi bahan bakar. Dari kasus ini, kemudian dicari model ESD yang akan dipakai untuk kapal tanker tersebut. ESD dimodelkan menggunakan Ansys Fluent dengan menggunakan metode Moving Mesh kemudian dianalisis efisiensi dari ESD dan gaya dorong pada kapal sebelum dan setelah dipasang ESD. Dari hasil perhitungan ditemukan adanya peningkatan efisiensi thrust sebesar 2.526% pada kecepatan 10 knot, 4.452% pada kecepatan 15 knot, dan 5.176% pada kecepatan 18 knot. Untuk gaya dorong ditemukan nilai 658182 N pada kecepatan 10 knot, 804881 N pada kecepatan 15 knot, dan 1182150 N pada kecepatan 18 knot dalam kondisi tanpa menggunakan ESD, Sedangkan dalam kondisi menggunakan ESD ditemukan nilai gaya dorong sebesar 668186 N pada 10 knot, 808917 N pada 15 knot, dan 1195770 N pada kecepatan 18 knot. Hal tersebut menunjukkan adanya peningkatan efisiensi thrust dan meningkatnya gaya dorong pada kondisi kapal menggunakan ESD bila dibandingkan dengan kondisi kapal tidak menggunakan ESD

By-Product Alcohol: Fusel Oil as an Alternative Fuel in Spark Ignition Engine

Fusel oil is a by-product obtained through the fermentation of some agricultural products. The fusel oil properties are closer to other alternative combustible types and the limited number of studies on the use of fusel oil as an alcohol derivative in SI engines constitutes to the base of this study. This paper experimentally examined the impacts of a by-product of alcohol, which is fusel oil by blending it with gasoline, on engine performance, combustion characteristics, and emissions in a 4-cylinder SI engine. The test was achieved at different engine speeds and a 60 % throttle valve (load). As results, brake power, BTE, and BSFC of F10 are higher at all engine speeds. Maximum engine BTE was 33.9%, at the lowest BSFC with F10. Moreover, it is worth seeing that the F10 under rich air-fuel ratio has less variation of COVIMEP compared to the F20 and gasoline. F10 represents shorter combustion duration, thereby, the engine power increased. NOx emission for F10 at 4500 rpm was lower than gasoline. The highest value of HC emission is obtained with F10 compared to gasoline and F20 with an average increase of 11% over the engine speed range. CO and CO2 emissions increased when using fusel oil blends

Genetic Polymorphisms of the Coding Region (Exon 6) of Calpastatin in Indonesian Sheep

Calpastatin (CAST) is an indigenous inhibitor of calpain that involved in regulation of protein turn over and growth. The objective of this research was to identify genetic polymorphisms in the entire exon 6 of calpastatin gene in Indonesian local sheep. A PCR-SSCP method was carried out to identify genetic variation of CAST gene. In total 258 heads of local sheep from 8 populations were investigated, three groups of samples were Thin Tail Sheep (TTS) from Sukabumi, Jonggol, and Kissar. The rest samples were Priangan sheep (PS) from Margawati (Garut meat type) and Wanaraja (Garut fighting type) and Fat Tail Sheep (FTS) from Donggala, Sumbawa, and Rote islands. SSCP analysis revealed that three different SSCP patterns corresponded to three different alleles in the CAST locus (CAST-1, 2, and 3 allele) with five different genotypes. Genetic variation between local sheep populations were calculated based on genotypic and allelic frequencies. Most populations studied were polymorphic, with genotype frequencies of CAST-11, CAST-12, CAST-22, CAST-32, and CAST-33 were 0.286, 0.395, 0.263, 0.046, and 0.007 respectively. CAST-1 and 2 alleles were most commonly found in all populations with total frequency was 0.970, while CAST-3 was a rare allele 0.030 and only found in TTS population. Variation in the CAST gene could be used for the next research as genetic diversity study or to find any association between CAST polymorphism with birth weight, growth trait and carcass quality in Indonesian local sheep

Effect of Inoculum Age, Carbon and Nitrogen Sources on the Production of Lipase by Candida Cylindracea 2031 in Batch Fermentation

Production of extracellular lipase by Candida cylindracea DSMZ 2031  was studied in a seven liters batch bioreactor, using palm oil (PO), palmitic acid (PA), lauric acid (LA), olive oil (OO) and cooking oil (CO) as carbon source.   The effect of  carbon and nitrogen sources  were studied by measuring the lipase activity.  The maximum lipase activity was found to be 12.7 kLU on palm oil as carbon source, urea as nitrogen sources and at 36 h inoculum age. This was achieved at a temperature of 30o C, pH of 6.0, agitation speed of 500 rpm and aeration of 1vvm

Model Development of Children Under Mortality Rate with Group Method of Data Handling

In this research we examine aspects of the interdependence between economic development and the use of environmental and natural resources assets from global data published by united nations. for that purpose, we use data mining techniques.data mining techniques applied in this paper were: 1) group method of data handling (gmdh), originally from engineering, introducing principles of evolution - inheritance, mutation and selection - for generating a network structure systematically to develop the automatic model, synthesis, and its validation; 2) step wise regression were also applied for some cases.data sets for this research consist of one sets integration data of air quality data and macroeconomic data of the cross-country data of world development indicator 2003 (wdi 2003). the result shows that the mortality rate of children under five years old is dependent on sanitation and water facilities obtained from gmdh results. however, the results from step-wise regression shows that mortality rate was dependent on annual deforestation, particulate matter, nationally protected area, with the big contribution was from annual deforestation

Performance, Combustion Characteristics and Emission Tests of Single Cylinder Engine Running on Fusel Oil - Diesel Blended (F20) Fuel

Alcohols produced from a renewable source are amongst the important alternative fuels for internal combustion engines. Investigations on alternative fuels for compression ignition engines regarded as one of the major research areas. This paper details an experimental examination of the performance and emissions in single cylinder compression ignition engines operating with fusel oil F20 and pure diesel F0 at five engine speeds and 50% engine load. The test results indicated that the engine power and torque slightly decrease with the F20 at low speeds compared with pure diesel. Further, the in-cylinder pressure was decreased at all engine speed for F20 in comparison with pure diesel. The volumetric efficiency and fuel consumption were increased for F20 due the low heating value of fusel oil. The results showed that CO2 and CO emissions were increased because of the water content, low heating value and low cetane number for fusel oil. The maximum reduction in NOx emissions was 18% for F20 at 1500 rpm

Biodiversity of macroalgae in Blue Lagoon, the Straits of Malacca, Malaysia and some aspects of changes in species composition

This research was conducted to study the biodiversity status of marine macroalgae (seaweeds) in Blue Lagoon, Port Dickson and assess the changes in species composition in the area. The sampling site is located in the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia, which has been regarded as one of the Malaysia’s popular beach resort destinations. This tourist spot has seen major physical changes over the last few decades. Despite habitat disturbance, our study recorded 44 species of macroalgae with Sargassum asperifolium noted as a new record for this area. Brown seaweeds (Phaeophyta) and green seaweeds (Chlorophyta) dominated the sampling areas with each division recorded 19 and 16 species, respectively. Change to species composition was evident for the common genus Sargassum (Sargassaceae, Fucales). Chlorophyta was mostly found in the upper intertidal to subtidal zones while Phaeophyta proliferated in the mid-tidal areas. The red seaweeds (Rhodophyta) were distributed and grew better in lower light intensity in the subtidal zone. This study will contribute to the seaweed database of Malaysia for future reference and this may help in the conservation of seaweeds