Microscopic calculation of the spin-dependent neutron scattering lengths on 3He

We report on the spin.dependent neutron scattering length on 3He from a microscopic calculation of p-3H, n-3He, and d-2H scattering employing the Argonne v18 nucleon-nucleon potential with and without additional three-nucleon force. The results and that of a comprehensive R-matrix analysis are compared to a recent measurement. The overall agreement for the scattering lengths is quite good. The imaginary parts of the scattering lengths are very sensitive to the inclusion of three-nucleon forces, whereas the real parts are almost insensitive.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figur

Importance of Music in Biographies of People With Dementia

Recent research on music and music-based interventions for people with dementia (PwD) is focused on changes of psychological and cognitive functions. Little is known about the role of biography in the importance of music to PwD. A qualitative study was conducted to identify the phases of their life in which PwD were influenced by music. 20 semi-structured interviews with PwD from nursing homes and PwD cared for at home were conducted. Additionally, their relatives were interviewed separately. The results were analysed relating to four categories divided into past and present with the aim of identifying the changes in daily routine and challenges for everyday care. First access to music and education mostly were built in the family setting. Social participation e.g. music activities, listening to music and playing instruments changed dramatically with the onset of dementia. Moreover, PwD generally needed assistance in participating in those activities. The dependency on their caregivers and inability to express their needs leads to a daily routine without music. There is a need of trained professionals motivating and assisting PwD to attend musical activities. In addition, care homes should offer more music activities and music therapy for PwD with various stages of dementia. Moreover, care institutions should implement music questionnaire in the patient\u27s file regarding musical preferences

Influence of Music Therapy and Music-based Interventions on Dementia: A Pilot Study

According to national dementia plan in many countries, the music implementation into the daily routine as an adjunctive therapy to medication treatment is common. However, the ability of long-term care facilities to implement individualized music therapy (MT) and music-based interventions is not sufficiently taken into account. This pilot study examined the frequency of use and acceptance of MT and technology-based music interventions (TBMI) as well as the influence of high and low usage of both interventions of dementia on behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD) at two timepoints. Furthermore, the influence on the combination of MT and TBMI of dementia within the nursing home setting on BPSD with a focus on agitation, apathy, depression, and quality of life at all timepoints was considered. In the present study, data from 30 people with dementia (PwD) aged on average 81 years were analyzed within an eight-week noncontrolled intervention study, including four-week follow-up. Initial outcome data indicated significant decreases at times T2 and T3 in agitation and apathy among PwD with a high usage of MT and TBMI than among those with a low usage. In general, reductions were obtained from all observed BPSD at all timepoints. Significant results were found only for agitation over time. Considering the demonstrated results, a long-term implementation of music within daily routines in nursing homes for PwD should be strived for