Experimental Parametric Study of Biodiesel to Develop Economic Zero Effluent Discharge (ZED) for Diesel System

In this globalization realm, there in constant growth in the rate of expenditure of fossil fuels, consequent on ever increasing population and urbanization. This gives charge to depletion of finite resources in the near future. Fossil fuel emission causes global-warming also green-house gases are intangible factor which collectively degrading the planet. As such, the situation demands for an alternate source of energy that can be used to overcome the conjectured energy crisis. In contrast to this, if the energy source is clean and renewable, it will reduce the environmental trouble as well. In the quest an alternate and renewable energy resources, scientists have plead with a variety of options among which biodiesel-diesel blends as alternative fuels has become a popular option and is getting the attention of many researchers. This is because scientists have enlist the properties of biodiesel prepared from vegetable oils are very close to commercial diesel and thus it has a promising future as an alternative fuel for diesel engine. Biodiesel being renewable, biodegradable and green fuel can reduce our dependence on conventional/non-renewable fossil fuels and it also helps to keep pure quality of air by reducing obnoxious automotive/vehicular emissions. Possible solution of this problem is to replace or find renewable and economically feasible fuel as an alternative source. Already a lot of work for source which fulfill the criteria of sustainability and economical carried out. But the effluent is critical issues. So characterization and formation of biodiesel with zero effluent is prime objective

The Time for a Carbon Tax is Now

The U.S. needs to get its finances under control without resorting to the usual fixes of raising taxes and/or cutting spending, which would stymie recovery. The case for a carbon tax is a compelling one, given our current macroeconomic quandary and our apparent inability to deal with climate change. Each of these factors alone can make the case persuasively. When we take them together, the tax becomes even more convincing as a solution to some seemingly insurmountable problems. A carbon tax has big long-term revenue potential and only small, short-term drawbacks. A carbon tax avoids the pricing pitfalls of cap-and-trade and moves towards gradually replacing our energy infrastructure over time. Paradoxically, a carbon tax would be a boon for natural gas.Bush School of Government and Public Servic

Reversible ALU Circuit Realization Using Verilog HDL

Reversibility in computing implies that no info regarding the process states will ever be lost, thus, we are able to recover any earlier stage by computing backwards or un-computing the results. This is often termed as logical changeability. The advantages of logical changeability are gained solely when using physical changeability. Physical changeability may be a method that dissipates no energy to heat. Completely excellent physical changeability is much impossible. Computing systems provide off heat once voltage levels modification from positive to negative: bits from 0 to 1. Most of the energy required to create that modification is given off within the style of heat. Rather than dynamic voltages to new levels, reversible circuit parts can bit by bit move charge from one node to subsequent. This way, one will solely expect to lose a second quantity of energy on every transition. Reversible computing powerfully affects digital logic styles. Reversible logic parts square measure required to recover the state of inputs from the outputs. It will impact instruction sets and high-level programming languages similarly. Eventually, these will need to be reversible to produce best potency

Quality-dependent fusion system using no-reference image quality metrics for multimodal biometrics

Biometric acquired and processed data quality is the prime influences which will affect the performance of the whole biometric system. Hence, aforementioned is essential to control the quality of acquired data to devise a suitable biometric system. This paper presents a robust multimodal biometric system using quality dependent expert fusion system. We Presents work, on a novel quality assessment metrics for Fingerprint, Palmprint, and Iris. The originality of this work contributing with blind image quality measures. The projected quality metrics associates with two type of quality measure a) Image-based quality as well as b) pattern-based. We have explore and comprehend the associated various quality assessment in the biometrics. Benefits of the proposed quality matric have been illustrates on six benchmark database. The performance of the proposed quality measures demonstrates on multimodal biometric system is evaluated on a public dataset and demonstrating its recognition accuracy with respect to EER. Result shows the efficiency of detecting the kind of alterations. Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test statistics shows 0.84 to 0.94 outperformed as compared to NFIQ

Sterilization of granulomas is common in both active and latent tuberculosis despite extensive within-host variability in bacterial killing

Over 30% of the world’s population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), yet only ~5–10% will develop clinical disease1. Despite considerable effort, we understand little about what distinguishes individuals who progress to active tuberculosis (TB) from those who remain latent for decades. The variable course of disease is recapitulated in cynomolgus macaques infected with Mtb2. Active disease in macaques is defined by clinical, microbiologic and immunologic signs and occurs in ~45% of animals, while the remaining are clinically asymptomatic2,3. Here, we use barcoded Mtb isolates and quantitative measures of culturable and cumulative bacterial burden to show that most lesions are likely founded by a single bacterium and reach similar maximum burdens. Despite common origins, the fate of individual lesions varies substantially within the same host. Strikingly, in active disease, the host sterilizes some lesions even while others progress. Our data suggest that lesional heterogeneity arises, in part, through differential killing of bacteria after the onset of adaptive immunity. Thus, individual lesions follow diverse and overlapping trajectories, suggesting critical responses occur at a lesional level to ultimately determine the clinical outcome of infection. Defining the local factors that dictate outcome will be important in developing effective interventions to prevent active TB

Death and dying in ‘Third Way’ death manuals: Shaping life and death after neoliberalism

In this chapter, I consider what might be called the “Third Way” death manuals of Philip Gould and Kate Gross, who were both, in different ways, involved with the New Labour Project. Their memoirs describe their experiences of dying and are notable for the conclusions to which they come; conclusions which suggest values at odds with the individualist and progressive narratives that shape neoliberal views of what it means to life well. In considering the tensions and possibilities that shape their respective narratives, new ways of living in the face of death become possible

Mealtime support for adults with intellectual disabilities: Understanding an everyday activity

Background: Mealtime support has a direct bearing on the diet-related health of men and women with intellectual disabilities as well as opportunities for expressing dietary preferences. Method: Semi-structured interviews with a sample of direct support staff providing mealtime support to adults with intellectual disabilities. Results: When managing tensions between a person's dietary preferences and ensuring safe and adequate nutrition and hydration, direct support staff are sensitive to a wide range of factors. These include the following: clinical advice; service users’ rights to choose; their (in)capacity to weigh up risks; how service users communicate; the constituents of a healthy diet; and a duty to protect service users' health. Conclusions: Those responsible for setting standards and regulating the care practices need to look beyond too simple ideas of choice and safety to recognize ways in which providing support at mealtimes is a complex activity with serious consequences for people's health and well-being

Cystoscopic removal of an intravesical gossypiboma mimicking a bladder mass: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Intravesical retained surgical sponges are very rare and only a few cases have been removed by minimally invasive techniques.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We report a case of an intravesical gossypiboma in a 71-year-old man from western Nepal, who presented with urinary retention and persistent lower urinary tract symptoms one year after open cystolithotomy. He was diagnosed with an intravesical mass using ultrasonography. The retained surgical sponge was found during cystoscopy and removed through endoscopy.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Intravesical gossypibomas are rare and can mimic a bladder mass. This is one of the few reported cases of cystoscopic removal.</p