183 research outputs found
An unusual presentation of metastatic adenocarcinoma of lung: a case report
We report an unusual patient with primary adenocarcinoma of lung causing malignant pleural and pericardial effusions. The diagnosis was made only at autopsy as his staging computed tomography scan of chest was negative for an obvious mass lesion within the lung or pleura. Prior to his death, his symptoms were erroneously managed as left ventricular failure and community-acquired pneumonia
Prevalence of non Helicobacter pylori species in patients presenting with dyspepsia
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Helicobacter species associated with human infection include <it>Helicobacter pylori, Helicobacter heilmannii </it>and <it>Helicobacter felis </it>among others. In this study we determined the prevalence of <it>H. pylori </it>and non-<it>Helicobacter pylori </it>organisms <it>H. felis and H. heilmannii </it>and analyzed the association between coinfection with these organisms and gastric pathology in patients presenting with dyspepsia. Biopsy specimens were obtained from patients with dyspepsia on esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) for rapid urease test, histology and PCR examination for Helicobacter genus specific 16S rDNA, <it>H. pylori </it>phosphoglucosamine mutase (<it>glmM</it>) and urease B (<it>ureB</it>) gene of <it>H. heilmannii </it>and <it>H. felis</it>. Sequencing of PCR products of <it>H. heilmannii </it>and <it>H. felis </it>was done.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Two hundred-fifty patients with dyspepsia were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 39 ± 12 years with males 162(65%). Twenty-six percent (66 out of 250) were exposed to cats or dogs. PCR for Helicobacter genus specific 16S rDNA was positive in 167/250 (67%), <it>H. pylori glmM </it>in 142/250 (57%), <it>H. heilmannii </it>in 17/250 (6%) and <it>H. felis </it>in 10/250 (4%), respectively. All the <it>H. heilmannii </it>and <it>H. felis </it>PCR positive patients were also positive for <it>H. pylori </it>PCR amplification. The occurrence of coinfection of <it>H. pylori </it>and <it>H. heilmannii </it>was 17(6%) and with <it>H. felis </it>was 10(4%), respectively. Only one out of 66 exposed to pets were positive for <it>H. heilmannii </it>and two for <it>H. felis</it>. Histopathology was carried out in 160(64%) of 250 cases. Chronic active inflammation was observed in 53(56%) (p = 0.001) of the patients with <it>H. pylori </it>infection alone as compared to 3(37%) (p = 0.73) coinfected with <it>H. heilmannii </it>and <it>H. pylori </it>and 3(60%) coinfected with <it>H. felis </it>and <it>H. pylori </it>(p = 0.66). Intestinal metaplasia was observed in 3(3%)(p = 1.0) of the patients with <it>H. pylori </it>infection alone as compared to 2(25%) (p = 0.02) coinfected with <it>H. heilmannii </it>and <it>H. pylori </it>and 1(20%) coinfected with <it>H. felis </it>and <it>H. pylori </it>(p = 0.15).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The prevalence of <it>H. heilmannii </it>and <it>H. felis </it>was low in our patients with dyspepsia. Exposure to pets did not increase the risk of <it>H. heilmannii </it>or <it>H. felis </it>infection. The coinfection of <it>H. pylori </it>with <it>H. heilmannii </it>was seen associated with intestinal metaplasia, however this need further confirmation.</p
Esophagitis in a High H. pylori Prevalence Area: Severe Disease Is Rare but Concomitant Peptic Ulcer Is Frequent
Background: Few data are available on the prevalence of erosive and severe esophagitis in Western countries. Objective: To retrospectively determine the prevalence and the factors predicting erosive esophagitis and severe esophagitis in a large series of endoscopies in Spain. Design: Retrospective observational study. A multivariate analysis was performed to determine variables predicting severe esophagitis. Setting: Databases of 29 Spanish endoscopy units. Patients: Patients submitted to a diagnostic endoscopy during the year 2005. Interventions: Retrospective review of the databases. Main Outcome Measurements: Esophagitis severity (graded according to the Los Angeles classification) and associated endoscopic findings. Results: Esophagitis was observed in 8.7% of the 93,699 endoscopies reviewed. Severe esophagitis (LA grade C or D) accounted for 22.5% of cases of the disease and was found in 1.9% of all endoscopies. Incidences of esophagitis and those of severe esophagitis were 86.2 and 18.7 cases per 100,000 inhabitants per year respectively. Male sex (OR 1.89) and advanced age (OR 4.2 for patients in the fourth age quartile) were the only variables associated with severe esophagitis. Associated peptic ulcer was present in 8.8% of cases. Limitations: Retrospective study, no data on individual proton pump inhibitors use. Conclusions: Severe esophagitis is an infrequent finding in Spain. It occurs predominantly in males and in older individuals. Peptic ulcer disease is frequently associated with erosive esophagitis
Polyp measurement based on CT colonography and colonoscopy: variability and systematic differences
To assess the variability and systematic differences in polyp measurements on optical colonoscopy and CT colonography. Gastroenterologists measured 51 polyps by visual estimation, forceps comparison and linear probe. CT colonography observers randomly assessed polyp size two-dimensionally (abdominal and intermediate window) and three-dimensionally (manually and semi-automatically). Linear mixed models were used to assess the variability and systematic differences between CT colonography and optical colonoscopy techniques. The variability of forceps and linear probe measurements was comparable and both showed less variability than measurement by visual assessment. Measurements by linear probe were 0.7 mm smaller than measurements by visual assessment or by forceps. The variability of all CT colonography techniques was lower than for measurements by forceps or visual assessment and sometimes lower (only 2D intermediate window and manual 3D) compared with measurements by linear probe. All CT colonography measurements judged polyps to be larger than optical colonoscopy, with differences ranging from 0.7 to 2.3 mm. A linear probe does not reduce the measurement variability of endoscopists compared with the forceps. Measurement differences between observers on CT colonography were usually smaller than at optical colonoscopy. Polyps appeared larger when using various CT colonography techniques than when measured during optical colonoscop
Evaluation of invasive and non-invasive methods for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in symptomatic children and adolescents
CONTEXT: Multiple diagnostic methods are available for the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection, but at present no single one can be used as the gold standard. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of 3 invasive and 2 non-invasive methods for detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in symptomatic children and adolescents. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study SETTING: Peptic Disease outpatients service, Discipline of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) / Escola Paulista de Medicina. PATIENTS: Forty-seven patients who underwent endoscopy because of dyspeptic symptoms. DIAGNOSTIC METHODS: Endoscopy with gastric biopsies for 3 invasive (rapid urease test, histology and culture) and 2 non-invasive methods (a commercial ELISA serology and 13carbon urea breath test - isotope ratio mass spectrometry) for detection of Helicobacter pylori infection. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of each method and agreement and disagreement rates between the methods. RESULTS: Forty-seven patients [mean age, 11y9mo (SD 2y10mo), 27 female and 20 male]; 62% of them were Helicobacter pylori-positive. All methods agreed in 61%, and were negative in 21% and positive in 40%. The greatest concordance between 2 methods occurred between the invasive methods: histology and rapid urease test (89.6%) and histology and culture (87.5%). The greatest sensitivity, considering Helicobacter pylori-positive cases, for any combination of 3 or more tests, was achieved by the rapid urease test (S=100%), followed by histology, serology and 13carbon-urea breath test (S=93.1%) and lastly by culture (S=79.3%). The highest specificity was obtained by histology (100%) and culture (100%), followed by the rapid urease test (84.2%), serology (78.9%) and 13carbon-urea breath test (78.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that among invasive methods, an association between the rapid urease test and histology constituted the best choice for the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection. If results of histology and the rapid urease test are different, serology may be recommended.CONTEXTO: Vários métodos diagnósticos estão disponíveis para a detecção da infecção por Helicobacter pylori (Hp), porém, até o presente momento, não há um teste que possa ser utilizado isoladamente como padrão-ouro. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a acurácia de três métodos invasivos e dois não-invasivos na detecção da infecção por Hp em crianças e adolescentes sintomáticos. TIPO DE ESTUDO: Estudo coorte prospectivo. LOCAL: Ambulatório de Doença Péptica, Disciplina de Gastroenterologia Pediátrica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) / Escola Paulista de Medicina. PACIENTES: 47 pacientes sintomáticos que realizaram exame endoscópico devido a sintomas dispépticos. MÉTODOS DIAGNÓSTICOS: Exame endoscópico com biopsias gástricas para três métodos invasivos (teste rápido da urease, histologia e cultura) e dois métodos não-invasivos (teste sorológico ELISA industrializado e teste respiratório com uréia marcada com Carbono13). VARIÁVEIS ESTUDADAS: Sensibilidade, especificidade, valor preditivo positivo e negativo de cada método e taxas de concordância e discordância entre os métodos. RESULTADOS: 47 pacientes [idade média de 11a9m (DP 2a10m), 27 do sexo feminino e 20 do masculino], 62% deles com infecção por Hp. Todos os 5 métodos concordaram em 61%, sendo negativo em 21% e positivo em 40%. As maiores concordâncias entre dois métodos ocorreram entre os métodos invasivos: histologia e teste rápido da urease (89,6%) e entre a histologia e cultura (87,5%). A maior sensibilidade, considerando como Hp positivo, qualquer combinação de 3 ou mais testes, foi encontrada no teste rápido da urease (S=100%), seguido pela histologia, sorologia e o teste respiratório com uréia marcada com Carbono13 (S=93,1%) e por fim a cultura (S=79,3%). A maior especificidade foi obtida pela histologia e cultura (100%), seguidos pelo teste rápido da urease (84,2%), sorologia (78,9%) e teste respiratório com uréia marcada com Carbono13 (78,9%). CONCLUSÕES: Nossos resultados sugerem que, entre os métodos invasivos, a associação do teste rápido da urease e histologia constituem a melhor escolha para a detecção da infecção por Hp. Se os resultados da histologia e do teste rápido da urease forem discordantes é recomendada a sorologia.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Pediatric DepartmentUNIFESP, EPM, Pediatric DepartmentSciEL
The diagnostic value of endoscopy and Helicobacter pylori tests for peptic ulcer patients in late post-treatment setting
BACKGROUND: Guidelines for management of peptic ulcer patients after the treatment are largely directed to detection of H. pylori infection using only non-invasive tests. We compared the diagnostic value of non-invasive and endoscopy based H. pylori tests in a late post-treatment setting. METHODS: Altogether 34 patients with dyspeptic complaints were referred for gastroscopy 5 years after the treatment of peptic ulcer using a one-week triple therapy scheme. The endoscopic and histologic findings were evaluated according to the Sydney classification. Bacteriological, PCR and cytological investigations and (13)C-UBT tests were performed. RESULTS: Seventeen patients were defined H. pylori positive by (13)C-UBT test, PCR and histological examination. On endoscopy, peptic ulcer persisted in 4 H. pylori positive cases. Among the 6 cases with erosions of the gastric mucosa, only two patients were H. pylori positive. Mucosal atrophy and intestinal metaplasia were revealed both in the H. pylori positive and H. pylori negative cases. Bacteriological examination revealed three clarithromycin resistant H. pylori strains. Cytology failed to prove validity for diagnosing H. pylori in a post-treatment setting. CONCLUSIONS: In a late post-treatment setting, patients with dyspepsia should not be monitored only by non-invasive investigation methods; it is also justified to use the classical histological evaluation of H. pylori colonisation, PCR and bacteriology as they have shown good concordance with (13)C-UBT. Moreover, endoscopy and histological investigation of a gastric biopsy have proved to be the methods with an additional diagnostic value, providing the physician with information about inflammatory, atrophic and metaplastic lesions of the stomach in dyspeptic H. pylori positive and negative patients. Bacteriological methods are suggested for detecting the putative antimicrobial resistance of H. pylori, aimed at successful eradication of infection in persistent peptic ulcer cases
Diagnostic evaluation of planar and tomographic ventilation/perfusion lung images in patients with suspected pulmonary emboli
A systematic review of the safety of topical therapies for atopic dermatitis
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/75613/1/j.1365-2133.2006.07538.x.pd
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