Level of High Sensitivity in Reaction to Criticism among Gifted Students in Ajloun Governorate in Light of Some Variables

This study aims to explore the level of high sensitivity in response to criticism among gifted students in Ajloun Governorate, considering some variables such as gender, class, family educational level, and family economic level. To achieve its objectives, the researchers used a descriptive and analytical approach and utilized the high sensitivity scale developed by Alateaq in 2010, adapted to fit the Jordanian environment. The sample included 131 gifted students randomly selected from junior high to high school. The results showed that the level of high sensitivity was moderate. There were no statistically significant differences in the level of high sensitivity in response to criticism among the students in terms of gender and class variables. Furthermore, there were no differences based on the family educational and economic levels of the parents, except for some responses from students whose families had an income of 500 JOD or more. The study recommends implementing programs to address and provide the necessary consultation to help overcome the high sensitivity of these students

Equine laminitis basement membrane pathology: loss of type IV collagen, type VII collagen and laminin immunostaining.

Disintegration of the basement membrane (BM) of the equine hoof lamellae and failure of the BM to remain attached to the basal cells of the secondary epidermal lamellae (SEL) is one of the earliest pathological events to occur in acute laminitis. Changes in the lamellar basement membrane were investigated by immunolabelling the key structural components of the BM, type IV collagen, type VII collagen and laminin in the lamellar BM of horses 48 h after the induction of laminitis. Lamellar tissues were harvested from 2 normal horses and 2 horses with acute laminitis. Immunostaining with antibody raised against human epitopes for type IV collagen, type VII collagen and laminin successfully stained the basement membranes of horse hoof lamellar tissues. Vascular tissue did not immunostain with type VII collagen antibody. Normal BM stained as a fine dark brown line and the lamellar BM was adhered to the basal cells of the SELs with no evidence of lamellar separation. At least 2 changes to the lamellar BM occurred in acute laminitis: loss of attachment of lamellar epidermal basal cells to their underlying BM and disintegration of the lamellar BM. In some sections from feet affected by acute laminitis, there was widespread separation of the SELs from their BM without loss of BM immunostaining and in others there was extensive loss of BM immunostaining. In lesions characterised by lamellar separation, the epidermal basal cells at the tips of the primary epidermal lamellae appeared to have slipped away from their BM and were an amorphous clump of epidermal cells devoid of immunostained BM. The BM from which they had separated remained in its original position in the dermis and was clearly outlined by all 3 antibodies. In other areas, however, virtually all the BM immunoreactivity at the PEL tips was absent. Only the occasional distorted SEL tip and fragments of BM retained sufficient immunostaining to allow anatomical identification. Numerous polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) invariably surrounded the tips of lamellae showing large scale loss of immunoreactivity and many PMNs had penetrated the lamellar BM and were within the epidermal compartments. PMNs were less frequent in the midlamellar region. Immunostaining of the BM of many SELs was absent in the midlamellar region. In some lamellae loss of BM immunostaining had occurred only at the bases of the SELs and fragments of immunostained BM were present in the zones of lysed BM suggesting that BM lysis was incomplete at the time of tissue fixation. In other lamellae, lysis of the BM was complete; there was no immunostained BM between SELs and the bulk of the epidermal cells of each PEL were an amorphous column of cells on either side of the central keratinised axis of the PEL. The lamellar BM which remained appeared as immunostained strands of unattached BM along the edges of the PDLs. Activation of BM degrading metalloproteinases (MMPs) occurs in acute laminitis and it seems likely that uncontrolled MMP activity is responsible for the loss and disorganisation of lamellar BM demonstrated in this study

Evaluation of the clinical and analgesic effects of subarachnoid ketamine-lidocaine administration in goats undergoing mastectomy

Mousa Daradka, Zuhair Bani IsmailDepartment of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, JordanAbstract: Twenty adult female goats affected with chronic mastitis were subjected to mastectomy or hemimastectomy under subarachnoid regional analgesia using a ketamine-lidocaine combination. Ketamine at 1.5 mg/kg and lidocaine hydrochloride at 1.25 mg/kg were administered intrathecally at the lumbosacral intervertebral space. Goats were then subjected to a 120-minute observation period for systemic or neurotoxic symptoms such as agitation, restlessness, hind limb paralysis, or seizures. In addition, analgesia of the caudal abdominal region and signs of systemic sedation were scored on a scale of 0–3. Heart rate, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature were also recorded prior to (baseline values) and at 5, 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after administration. Mastectomy or hemimastectomy operation was carried out after full assurance of the analgesic effect on the udder and caudal abdominal region. Time of onset of surgical analgesia (score 3) was achieved at 15 minutes and lasted for 60 minutes. Maximal sedation score was recorded at 15 minutes and lasted for 60 minutes, then decreased thereafter, with the lowest sedation score recorded at 120 minutes. There was a significant (P<0.05) rise in heart rate at some point between 5–90 minutes, while the respiratory rate and rectal temperature did not change significantly from baseline values. Postoperatively, animals did not show any signs of pain or discomfort. Follow-up on the operated goats showed that all wounds were fully healed without any significant complications. In goats, intrathecal administration of ketamine-lidocaine combination resulted in a safe and effective analgesia of the caudal abdominal and udder region sufficient to perform mastectomy or hemimastectomy.Keywords: analgesia, sedation, ruminants, mastectom

Effect of mild hyperlipidaemia on testicular cell population dynamics in albino rats

396-398Mild hyperlipidaemia induced by cholesterol feeding to male rats altered testicular histology. The sperm motility and density were significantly reduced in cauda epididymides and testes in mild hyperlipidaemic rats. The testicular cell population i.e. spermatocytes (primary .and secondary) and spermatids were significantly reduced (P ≤0.01 to 0.001). However, the number of degenerating Leydig cells (interstitial cells) were increased significantly (P ≤0.001). Serum biochemistry reveals significant rise in cholesterol and triglycerides. It is concluded that cholesterol feeding caused inhibition of spermato genesis

Hoof wall wound repair

Surgical stripping of the hoof wall results in a wound that heals remarkabley well. In contrast, lamellae recovering from laminitis are often deformed. Investigating lamellar wound healing may aid understanding of laminitis.To document temporal changes in the lamellar basement membrane (BM), dermis and epidermis after surgery.Wall strips were made in the dorsal hoof wall midline of 6 mature horses. Immunohistochemistry was used to document changes in the basement membrane (BM) and detect proliferation of epidermal cells in lamellar tissues harvested at intervals. A conforming metal plate was screwed to the hoof wall to maintain alignment of the wound edges.Wall stripping caused lamellar tips to snap and remain behind in the dermis along with the majority of the lamellar BM and some lamellar basal cells. Three days later the BM was intact and new lamellae had been reconstructed by proliferation of surviving epidermal cells. By 5 days the surface of the stripped zone was covered with yellow epidermis that subsequently thickened and hardened. Eventually the hoof wall deficit was replaced by new wall growing down from the coronet. The conforming metal plate and post operative analgesic ensured minimal lameness.In wall stripped lamellae the BM survives virtually intact and is used as a template for proliferating cells, from snapped-off lamellar tips, to migrate and quickly achieve repair to near normality. In laminitis epidermal dysadhesion and lamellar BM destruction occurs and lack of a functional BM template may explain the prolonged and abnormal repair of affected lamellae

Tumors of the reproductive tract of sheep and goats: A review of the current literature and a report of vaginal fibroma in an Awassi ewe

Aim: This study aimed to provide a summary of all online available literature of published clinical and histopathological data regarding tumors affecting the reproductive tract of female sheep and goats. In addition, a detailed description of the clinical history, clinical findings, and gross and histopathological findings of one case of vaginal fibroma in an adult Awassi sheep is provided for the first time. Materials and Methods: Internet search engines such as PubMed, ResearchGate, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar were used to collect all published articles in refereed journals from 2000 to 2018 regarding tumors and tumor-like lesions involving the reproductive tract of ewes and does. Results: There are six published papers in sheep and nine in goats reporting various malignant and non-malignant tumors involving different parts of the reproductive tract. The most commonly diagnosed tumors of the reproductive tract were leiomyoma (six cases), adenocarcinoma (six cases), leiomyosarcoma (three cases), adenoma (one case), squamous cell carcinoma (one case), and metastatic signet ring cell carcinoma (one case). The most common sites of tumor formation were the uterus (10 cases), vulva/vagina (five cases), ovaries (four cases), cervix (four cases), and Bartholin's gland (one case). All affected animals were aged females (older than 3 years of age). In both ewes and does, the most frequently reported clinical symptoms were chronic weight loss, pyometra, hydrometra, vaginal bleeding, abnormal vaginal discharges, straining, pollakisurie, ascites, and abdominal distension. Conclusion: Tumors of the reproductive organs in sheep and goats are not uncommon and should be considered in the differential diagnoses in cases with poor reproductive function

Bacteriological cure rate and changes in milk composition in mastitis vaccinated ewes affected with subclinical mastitis

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of using a commercially-available polyvalent mastitis vaccine on the bacteriological cure rate of existing subclinical mastitis in Awassi sheep. Materials and Methods: A total of 164 lactating ewes were divided into two main groups according to udder health and milk somatic cell count (SCC): Group 1=normal (N; n=80) and Group 2=subclinical mastitis (SC; n=84). Each group was then subdivided randomly into two treatment groups: N vaccinated (Nvax; n=38), N non-vaccinated (Nnvax; n=42), SC vaccinated (SCvax; n=42), and SC non-vaccinated (SCnvax; n=42). The vaccine was administered as per manufacturer's recommendations. Milk samples were collected aseptically from all ewes before vaccine administration (T0) and again on days 28 (T2) and 42 (T3) of the experiment. Results: In the SC group, the bacteriological cure rates in vaccinated and non-vaccinated ewes were 76% and 69%, respectively. In N group, the new intramammary infection rates in vaccinated and non-vaccinated ewes were 48% and 50%, respectively. Vaccination of normal ewes resulted in a significant (p<0.05) reduction in bacterial growth rate both at day 28 and day 42 of the study. The prevalence of new intramammary infection rate in Nvax ewes on days 28 and 42 was 19% and 20%, respectively. The prevalence of new intramammary infection rate in Nnvax group on days 28 and 42 was 33% and 30%, respectively. In SCvax group, the bacterial growth rate on days 28 and 42 was 44% and 35%, respectively. In SCnvax group, the bacterial growth rate on days 28 and 42 was 27% and 32%, respectively. There was no statistically significant effect of vaccination on any of the studied milk composition parameters. Conclusion: This is a preliminary study that indicated a possible protective effect of vaccination against mastitis in sheep. Further, case-controlled studies are indicated to estimate the level of immunity this vaccine provides to vaccinated sheep

The beneficial effect of Adansonia digitata products success to modulate lipid profiles and inhibit LDL oxidation in-vitro: An associational study

BackgroundThere is a growing interest in medicinal plants in recent years due to their many therapeutic benefits and low side effects. Among the medicinal plants is the African Adansonia digitata (baobab) that has edible fruit. In the current study, the effect of A. digitata juice consumption on the lipid profile was investigated. In addition, inhibition of the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in-vitro by A. digitata essential oil (EO) was also investigated. MethodsIn this cohort study, a total of 70 subjects of A. digitata users (AD group, 42 male and 28 female) and 70 non A. digitata users (Non-AD group, 44 male and 26 female) were recruited to participate in this study. We evaluated lipid profile, HbA1c, liver/kidney functions, and phytosterol contents in fasting blood samples of all participants.ResultsThe present findings illustrated significantly lower levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL in the AD group compared to Non-AD (p &lt; 0.01). In addition, essential oil of A. digitata inhibited LDL oxidation in-vitro as shown by the significant decreases in the formation of malonaldehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC), and lipid hydroperoxide (LHP) (P&lt;0.05). No significant changes in fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, HDL, kidney function, and liver function enzymes between the two groups were detected (P&gt;0.05). ConclusionThe juice of A. digitata has hypolipidemic and antioxidative effects and might be beneficial for the management of lipid levels in the body