O Pacto dos Indicadores da Atenção Básica: Contando Experiências e Buscando Novas Possibilidades na Construção do Sus o Caso de Vitória/es.

Essa pesquisa aborda o Pacto da Atenção Básica como instrumento de gestão para as ações de Monitoramento e Avaliação da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Constitui-se numa pesquisa qualitativa que busca identificar a contribuição dada por este instrumento aos gestores municipais de saúde, visando à organização da Atenção Primária à Saúde, no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde. Analisa por meio de entrevista semi-estruturada com os atores envolvidos como tem se constituído os processos de trabalho e os limites da participação da sociedade civil neste processo. Os achados deste estudo identificaram que o Pacto tem sido entendido como instrumento de gestão pelos atores envolvidos, porém mais efetivamente por aqueles atores responsáveis com o processo de gestão do sistema municipal de saúde, que são: o secretario de saúde, o coordenador municipal das equipes de Saúde da Família e os coordenadores das Unidades de Saúde da Família. Desta forma, percebe-se que a utilização do pacto como instrumento de gestão para o Monitoramento e Avaliação das ações da Atenção Primária à Saúde no território das equipes ainda não se efetivou. Há ensaio de aproximação com o tema, porém esta articulação tem sido feita apenas com os gerentes das Unidades de Saúde da Família. O Conselho Municipal de Saúde não tem participado do processo de discussão do pacto. Desta forma, os achados deste estudo nos permitem afirmar haver ainda um longo caminho a percorrer na institucionalização do processo de monitoramento e avaliação para este nível de atenção

Sensory profile, shelf life, and dynamics of bioactive compounds during cold storage of 17 edible flowers

In this study, 17 edible flowers (Allium ursinum L., Borago officinalis L., Calendula officinalis L., Centaurea cyanus L., Cichorium intybus L., Dianthus carthusianorum L., Lavandula angustifolia Mill., Leucanthemum vulgare (Vaill.) Lam., Paeonia officinalis L., Primula veris L., Robinia pseudoacacia L., Rosa canina L., Rosa pendulina L., Salvia pratensis L., Sambucus nigra L., Taraxacum officinale Weber, and Tropaeolum majus L.) were investigated to assess their sensory profile at harvest and their shelf life and bioactive compounds dynamics during cold storage. The emerging market of edible flowers lacks this information; thus, the characteristics and requirements of different flower species were provided. In detail, a quantitative descriptive analysis was performed by trained panelists at flower harvest, evaluating 10 sensory descriptors (intensity of sweet, sour, bitter, salt, smell, specific flower aroma, and herbaceous aroma; spiciness, chewiness, and astringency). Flower visual quality, biologically active compounds content (total polyphenols and anthocyanins), and antioxidant activity (FRAP, DPPH, and ABTS assays) were evaluated both at harvest and during storage at 4 °C for 14 days to assess their shelf life. Generally, species had a wide range of peculiar sensory and phytochemical characteristics at harvest, as well as shelf life and bioactive compounds dynamics during postharvest. A strong aroma was indicated for A. ursinum, D. carthusianorum, L. angustifolia, and L. vulgare, while B. officinalis and C. officinalis had very low values for all aroma and taste descriptors, resulting in poor sensory profiles. At harvest, P. officinalis, R. canina, and R. pendulina exhibited the highest values of polyphenols (884–1271 mg of gallic acid equivalents per 100 g) and antioxidant activity (204–274 mmol Fe2+/kg for FRAP, 132–232 and 43–58 µmol of Trolox equivalent per g for DPPH and ABTS). The species with the longest shelf life in terms of acceptable visual quality was R. pendulina (14 days), followed by R. canina (10 days). All the other species lasted seven days, except for C. intybus and T. officinale that did not reach day 3. During cold storage, the content of bioactive compounds differed, as total phenolics followed a different trend according to the species and anthocyanins remained almost unaltered for 14 days. Considering antioxidant activity, ABTS values were the least variable, varying in only four species (A. ursinum, D. carthusianorum, L. angustifolia, and P. officinalis), while both DPPH and FRAP values varied in eight species. Taken together, the knowledge of sensory profiles, phytochemical characteristics and shelf life can provide information to select suitable species for the emerging edible flower market

Santos Replies

E. Santos gives comments on violation of Bell’s theorem as discussed by A. I. M. Rae, Y. Ben-Aryeh, and A. Postan.(AIP

Ethylene and the postharvest performance of cut camellia flowering branches

Camellias are potentially appreciated as cut branches due to their deep and bright green foliage with a high number of flower buds. The present research investigated the role of ethylene in postharvest flower and leaf abscission of seven cultivars of Camellia japonica and evaluated the effect of inhibitors of ethylene action on their vase life. Cut flowering branches were shipped from private companies, mimicking a long and short supply chain. Plant materials were treated with commercial Chrysal, gaseous 1-MCP, and 1-MCP included in β-cyclodextrin-based nanosponges and compared to cut branches exposed to exogenous ethylene (1±0.2 μl l-1) for 24 h and control in tap water. Visual checks for symptoms of variation in senescence, flower opening stage, flower abscission, leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD) and gloss, in addition to ethylene production levels were monitored daily. Cut branches placed in tap water lost ornamental value after ca. 5.5 days of vase life and reached complete senescence after about 10 days in all the studied cultivars, regardless of supply chain, with the exception of ‘Il Tramonto’ with 10 and 20 days, respectively. Exogenous ethylene application reduced camellia cut branch longevity in ‘Debbie’ and ‘R.H. Wheeler’, while the other cultivars lasted as long as the control. Anti-ethylene treatments prolonged the vase life only in ‘Korun Koku’ and ‘Il Tramonto’