COVID-19 pandemic and the use of illicit substances in young people with delinquent behaviors

This study is part of the JUST COVID-19 (UCP) and YO&JUST (CICS-NOVA) projects, aiming to understand the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the use of illicit substances by young people with delinquent behaviours. Early onset of substance use in adolescence has been associated with increased delinquency and subsequent criminality, specifically including violent crime, and being at particularly high risk of serious problems later in life (Gordon et al., 2004). As the pandemic progressed, containment measures were implemented. Social distancing to decrease interaction between individuals (Duarte, 2020), the closure of schools and other places that provided crowding of the population (Schmidt, 2020), as well as the general isolation caused in young people various stressors such as fear of being infected, distress, loneliness, anxiety and depression (Scalia et al., 2020). These variables may have caused changes in the contexts and patterns of illicit substance use. To understand such changes several professionals who work with young people with deviant behaviours were interviewed. In this poster, we present the study and its main results.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Slurry Acidification as a Solution to Minimize Ammonia Emissions from the Combined Application of Animal Manure and Synthetic Fertilizer in No-Tillage

The combined application of manure/slurry and synthetic fertilizer (SF) might be a solution to decrease transport and application costs involving those by-products as well as enable access to them in regions where availability is low. Moreover, their joint application can potentially reduce environmental pollution, enlarge the manure benefits to more areas, and enhance the SF efficiency. However, such a strategy might result in increased ammonia emissions when applied to crop residues. Two experiments were implemented to assess ammonia emissions from stubble-covered soil fertilized with manure amended with SF. In Experiment 1 (E1), urea (U) and calcium ammonium nitrate (AN) were applied combined with dairy manure (MAN). In Experiment 2 (E2), urea was combined with acidified pig slurry (APS) and applied just after sowing (T0) or eight days later (T8). The combinations U + MAN and AN + MAN increased the ammonia emissions, while APS decreased the emissions from U, in APS + U combination, by more than 75%. Therefore, manure combined with SF applied on stubble-covered soil should not be recommended. T8 reduced ammonia emissions from U. APS enhanced the efficiency of U, being then an interesting strategy to mitigate ammonia emissions when applied on stubble-covered soil, as in no-tillageinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio