Improvement of Voltage Profile through the Optimal Placement of FACTS Using L-Index Method

In this paper an IEEE standard test system is considered and it is tested using Newton-Raphson method with the help of MATLAB. The voltage magnitudes of each bus are examined and the corresponding weak bus is incorporated with FACTS such as SVC and TCSC. The optimal placement of FACTS can be identified using L-Index method. The value of L-index which approach unity implies that it reaches to instability. From this instability point the system stability is improved during steady state and Fault conditions. The disturbance is created in the system by changing the Load Reactive Power at a particular Bus.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i2.513

ASSESSMENT OF GROUND WATER QUALITY IN GHATKESAR AND BIBINAGAR AREAS OF ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA

ABSTRACT: The study was carried out to assess the fluoride (F -

Respiratory responses in freshwater fish Channa punctatus (Bloch) during sublethal toxicity of deltamethrin in relation to sex

Oxygen consumption plays an imperative role in the life of all organisms. The air we breathe, the food we eat, and the water we drink, are contaminated by toxic substances. In the present study, Channa punctatus (BLOCH) was used as an animal model to determine the sublethal toxicity of deltamethrin. Males weighing 10 + 2g and females weighing 12 + 2g were divided into groups of ten each and were exposed to different concentrations of Deltamethrin ranging from 0.02 ppm to 0.2 ppm. Five exposure periods i.e. 24 h, 7, 15, 20 and 30 days were selected for determination of respiratory responses i.e. time course oxygen consumption and whole animal oxygen consumption of both sexes of fish to the imposed toxic stress at these periods of exposure. In the whole animal, the rate of oxygen consumption in males and females Channa punctatus in relation to control was initially elevated at 24 h and declined thereafter at 7 and 15 days of exposure periods, and at the end of 30 days exposure there was a rise in oxygen consumption from its earlier maximum suppression and came nearer to the control in both sexes.Key words: deltamethrin, sublethal toxicity, oxygen consumption and Channa punctatus

Extractive spectrophotometric methods for determination of terbinafine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical formulations using some acidic triphenylmethane dyes

218-221Three simple and sensitive extractive spectrophotometric methods have been described for the assay of terbinafine hydrochloride either in pure form or in pharmaceutical formulations. The developed methods involve formation of coloured chloroform extractable ion-pair complexes of the drug with bromothymol blue (BTB), bromophenol blue (BPB) and bromocresol green (BCG) in acidic medium. The extracted complexes show absorbance maxima at 410 nm for all three methods. Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration ranges 2.0-25, 2.0-25 and 2.0-25 µg/mL with BTB, BPB and BCG respectively. The effects of concentration of dye, pH, and interference of excipients have been studied and optimized. The limits of detection and quantification have been determined for three methods. All the three methods have been validated as per the guidelines of ICH. The methods have been applied for the determination of drug in commercial tablets and the results of analysis are validated statistically through recovery studies