9,468 research outputs found
Dense matter equation of state for neutron star mergers
In simulations of binary neutron star mergers, the dense matter equation of
state (EOS) is required over wide ranges of density and temperature as well as
under conditions in which neutrinos are trapped, and the effects of magnetic
fields and rotation prevail. Here we assess the status of dense matter theory
and point out the successes and limitations of approaches currently in use. A
comparative study of the excluded volume (EV) and virial approaches for the
system using the equation of state of Akmal, Pandharipande and
Ravenhall for interacting nucleons is presented in the sub-nuclear density
regime. Owing to the excluded volume of the -particles, their mass
fraction vanishes in the EV approach below the baryon density 0.1 fm,
whereas it continues to rise due to the predominantly attractive interactions
in the virial approach. The EV approach of Lattimer et al. is extended here to
include clusters of light nuclei such as d, H and He in addition to
-particles. Results of the relevant state variables from this
development are presented and enable comparisons with related but slightly
different approaches in the literature. We also comment on some of the sweet
and sour aspects of the supra-nuclear EOS. The extent to which the neutron star
gravitational and baryon masses vary due to thermal effects, neutrino trapping,
magnetic fields and rotation are summarized from earlier studies in which the
effects from each of these sources were considered separately. Increases of
about occur for rigid (differential) rotation with
comparable increases occurring in the presence of magnetic fields only for
fields in excess of Gauss. Comparatively smaller changes occur due to
thermal effects and neutrino trapping. Some future studies to gain further
insight into the outcome of dynamical simulations are suggested.Comment: Revised manuscript with one additional figure and previous Fig. 4
replaced, 19 additional references and new tex
Discrete element weld model, phase 2
A numerical method was developed for analyzing the tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding process. The phenomena being modeled include melting under the arc and the flow in the melt under the action of buoyancy, surface tension, and electromagnetic forces. The latter entails the calculation of the electric potential and the computation of electric current and magnetic field therefrom. Melting may occur at a single temperature or over a temperature range, and the electrical and thermal conductivities can be a function of temperature. Results of sample calculations are presented and discussed at length. A major research contribution has been the development of numerical methodology for the calculation of phase change problems in a fixed grid framework. The model has been implemented on CHAM's general purpose computer code PHOENICS. The inputs to the computer model include: geometric parameters, material properties, and weld process parameters
Unparticle physics in diphoton production at the CERN LHC
We have considered the di-photon production with unparticle at LHC. The
contributions of spin-0 and spin-2 unparticle to the di-photon production are
studied in the invariant mass and other kinematical distributions, along with
their dependencies on the model dependent parameters. The signal corresponding
to the unparticle is significant for moderate coupling constant values.Comment: 17 pages, 15 eps figure
Pseudo-scalar Higgs Boson Production at Threshold NLO and NLL QCD
We present the first results on the production of pseudo-scalar through gluon
fusion at the LHC to NLO in QCD taking into account only soft gluon
effects. We have used the effective Lagrangian that describes the coupling of
pseudo-scalar with the gluons in the large top quark mass limit. We have used
recently available quantities namely the three loop pseudo-scalar form factor
and the third order universal soft function in QCD to achieve this. Along with
the fixed order results, we also present the process dependent resummation
coefficient for threshold resummation to NLL in QCD. Phenomenological
impact of these threshold NLO corrections to pseudo-scalar production at
the LHC is presented and their role to reduce the renormalisation scale
dependence is demonstrated.Comment: 34 pages, 17 figure
Crop Insurance Premium Recommendation System Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques
Purpose: The objective of this study is to build a crop insurance premium recommender model which will be fair to both crop insurance policy holders and crop insurance service providers.
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Theoretical Framework: The Nonparametric Bayesian Model (modified) is the name of the proposed model suggested by Maulidi et al. (2021) and it consists of six variables which are regional risk, cultivation time period, land area, claim frequency, discount eligibility (local variable) and premium. Discount eligibility variable is introduced to encourage right farming practices among farmers.
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Design/methodology/approach: Descriptive research method is used in this study as it is used to accurately represent the characteristics of a group of items. The population for this study is 943 respondents. The entire dataset is used for in-depth and accurate analysis. Five Artificial Intelligence models (Machine Learning models) are proposed for crop insurance premium prediction and they are Ada Boost Regressor, Gradient Boosting Regressor, Extra Trees Regressor, Support Vector Regressor and K-Neighbors Regressor. Among them Gradient Boosting Regression model has given the highest accuracy. Thus, Gradient Boosting Regression model is the most suitable model to be recommended for crop insurance premium prediction.
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Findings and Suggestions: Regional risk, land area, claim frequency and cultivation time period is the order of independent variables from highest to least in terms of regression coefficient. This relative importance helps Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) to suggest farmers that they should concentrate most on the regional risk or chances of crop failure in a particular region in which they are doing agriculture and least on the cultivation time period of a crop or the season in which a crop is cultivated. Two suggestions for future researchers are to extend this research work to other parts of Tamil Nadu and to apply hybrid machine learning techniques to the proposed model.
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Practical Implication: Unlike the existing formula-based traditional method used for calculating crop insurance premium, artificial intelligence models (machine learning models) can automatically learn the changes that take place with respect to the nature of variables in the proposed model and improve its accuracy based on new data. Hence, the crop insurance premium suggested by the most accurate model among the artificial intelligence models used in this study will be fair to both NBFCs and farmers. Here, fair means moderate. On the other hand, the crop insurance premium suggested by the existing formula-based method may not be fair in the long term as they cannot automatically learn the changes that take place with respect to the nature of variables in the proposed model and improve.
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Originality/value: In this research article, the relative importance of independent variables in the proposed model is determined and it helps NBFCs to suggest farmers that they should concentrate most on the region they are doing agriculture and least on the cultivation time period of a crop. Additionally, a machine learning model which can automatically learn and improve itself is used and hence the crop insurance premium predicted by it will be fair. Finally, the entire population containing 943 respondents details is analysed
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