Criopreservação de sêmen canino: efeito da albumina sérica bovina sobre a integridade do acrossoma e taxa de prenhez após a inseminação artificial

The objective of the present study was to compare the in vitro and in vivo profile of frozen dog semen with Tris-bovine serum albumin (TB) and Tris-egg yolk (TE) extenders. Twenty dogs were used as donors. Each dog was stimulated by penile massage and only the sperm-rich fraction was collected weekly until 40 ejaculates were obtained. After macroscopic and microscopic analysis, equal parts of each ejaculate were diluted with TB and TE by the one-step method at 37 ºC. The semen was added to 0.5-mL French straws which presented normal characteristics before freezing and after thawing. Acrosomal integrity was evaluated by double Trypan blue-Giemsa staining, in which alive intact (LI), alive reacted (LR), dead intact (DI) and dead reacted (DR) spermatozoa, were identified by the time of thawing and up to 4 h of incubation at 39 °C, the TE being significantly superior to TB (P<0,01) in the LI and LR variables. The TB being significantly superior to TE (P<0,01) in the DR variable. Female dogs in natural heat were submitted to artificial insemination, 20 receiving TE-semen and 20 receiving TB-semen with the Osiris probe (IMV, L’Aigle, France) and the numbers indicate that TE was significantly better than TB (P<0,01) to pregnancy rate and number of puppies/delivery. We concluded from this study, that TE was better than TB, because this, induced an early acrossome reaction in dog’s sperm.Objetivo do presente trabalho foi comparar a performance de sêmen de cachorro in vitro e in vivo com soro de albumina bovina – tris (TB) e diluente de gema de ovo com Tris (TR). Para isso, foram usados vinte cães como doadores. O sêmen dos cães foi colhido via massagem peniana. Semanalmente a fração rica espermática foi colhida até quarenta ejaculados. Após o exame macroscópico e microscópico, as amostras foram diluídas em partes iguais de cada ejaculado com (TB e TE), pelo método one-step a 32º C. O sêmen foi embalado em palhetas francesas de 0,5 mL, as quais apresentaram características normais antes e após o congelamento. Foi avaliado a integridade cromossômica pelo método de coloração azul tripan giemsa, observando-se espermatozóides vivos intactos (LI), vivos com reação (LR), mortos intactos (DI), mortos com reação (DR). Os espermatozóides foram identificados pelo tempo de descongelamento e após 4 horas de incubação a 39ºC, o (TE) foi significativamente superior ao TB (P < 0,01) nas variáveis LI e LR. O TB foi significativamente superior ao TE (P < 0,01) na variável DR. Cadelas no estro natural foram submetidas à inseminação artificial, vinte delas recebendo sêmen com TE e vinte recebendo sêmen com TB mediante o uso de uma pipeta de Osiris ( IMV, L‘Aigle, France). Os resultados indicaram que o grupo TE foi significativamente melhor que TB (P < 0,01) em relação à taxa de prenhez e ao número de filhotes. Concluiu-se neste estudo que o grupo TE foi melhor que TB, porque isto induziu a uma reação acrossômica mais precoce no sêmen canino

HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT IN Al-Li-Cu-Mg ALLOYS (8090-T651)

This paper describes the hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of an Al-Li alloy aged at 190°C and with different durations of ageing (10, 15, 20 and 30 hr). Two techniques were employed to measure HE : a) cathodic polarization in a molten salts bath with -3 V/Ag on tensile specimens ; b) gaseous hydrogenation on disks. Hydrogen charging was achieved at 190°C. The results show that HE is important when the alloy is in the over-aged condition

Uso de bioativador, bioestimulante e complexo de nutrientes em sementes de soja.

Novas descobertas têm estimulado a utilização de diferentes substâncias com efeitos fisiológicos, com vistas a maior expressão no desenvolvimento de culturas agrícolas. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do tratamento de sementes com bioestimulante, bioativador e nutrientes, no desenvolvimento inicial de sementes de soja. Foram utilizados dois lotes de sementes (alto e baixo vigor) da cultivar BMX Potência RR. Os produtos testados foram inseticida com efeito bioativador, regulador de crescimento vegetal com efeito bioestimulante, complexo de nutrientes e testemunha. Em laboratório, foram avaliados os parâmetros teor de água, germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, envelhecimento acelerado, teste de frio, comprimento e massa de matéria seca de plântulas. Em casa-de-vegetação, as avaliações incluíram a emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência, comprimento e massa de matéria seca de plântulas. A eficiência dos produtos testados sofreu influência da qualidade fisiológica da semente, sendo observado efeito mais pronunciado dos produtos em lotes de alto vigor. De forma geral, o tratamento que apresentou melhor resultado no desempenho inicial foi o complexo de nutrientes, seguido pelo regulador de crescimento vegetal com efeito bioestimulante. O bioativador teve efeito negativo sobre a germinação das sementes e sobre o desenvolvimento das plântulas

Problemas Emocionais e de Comportamento e Clima Familiar em Adolescentes e seus Pais

Adolescence is a period of many changes and a vulnerable phase for the development of emotional and behavioral problems (EBP). These may happen due to family crises, considered as risk factors. This study investigated EBP and their relation with family climate in the view of 187 adolescents and their mothers and fathers. The youngsters were students from public schools in Rio Grande do Sul. The used instruments were Youth Self-Report [YSR], Adult Self-Report [ASR] and Family Climate Inventory. The results of the participants’ perceptions, considering internalizing and externalizing symptoms, indicated a relation between mothers and fathers’ and mothers and children’s descriptions, but not between fathers and children’s. The maternal internalizing problems were positively correlated with the perceived Hierarchy of adolescents and negatively with Affection; the externalizing problems were positively correlated with Conflict and Hierarchy, and negatively with Cohesion and Affection.A adolescência é uma fase de mudanças e um período vulnerável para o desenvolvimento de problemas emocionais e de comportamento (PEC). Estes podem surgir em decorrência de crises familiares, consideradas fatores de risco. Este estudo investigou os PEC e sua relação com aspectos do clima familiar na visão de 187 adolescentes e suas mães e pais. Os jovens eram estudantes de escolas públicas do Rio Grande do Sul. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Youth Self-Report (YSR), o Adult Self-Report (ASR) e o Inventário do Clima Familiar (ICF). Os resultados das percepções dos participantes quanto aos sintomas internalizantes e externalizantes indicaram relação da descrição das mães e pais e das mães e filhos, mas não entre descrições de filhos e pais. Os problemas internalizantes maternos correlacionaram-se positivamente com a percepção de Hierarquia dos adolescentes e negativamente com a Afetividade e os externalizantes correlacionaram-se positivamente com Conflito e Hierarquia, e negativamente com Coesão e Afetividade.La adolescencia es una fase de cambios y un periodo vulnerable para el desarrollo de problemas emocionales y de comportamiento (PEC). Estos pueden aparecer en consecuencia de crisis familiares, consideradas como factores de riesgo. Esta investigación abordó los PEC y su relación con los aspectos de un clima familiar en el enfoque de 187 adolescentes y sus padres. Los jóvenes fueron estudiantes de escuelas publicas de Rio Grande do Sul. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron YSR, ASR y ICS. Los resultados de las percepciones de los participantes en relación a los síntomas internalizantes y externalizantes indican relación de la descripción entre madres y padres, y de las madres e hijos, pero no aborda descripciones de hijos e padres. Los problemas internalizantes maternos se correlacionan positivamente con la percepción de la Jerarquía de los adolescentes y negativamente con la Afectividad, y los externalizantes se relacionan positivamente con Conflicto y Jerarquía, y negativamente con Cohesión y Afectividad

Establishment of a murine graft-versus-myeloma model using allogeneic stem cell transplantation

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell disorder with poor long-term survival and high recurrence rates. Despite evidence of graft-versus-myeloma (GvM) effects, the use of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) has remained controversial in MM. In the current study, we investigated the anti-myeloma effects of allo-SCT from B10.D2 mice into MHC-matched myeloma-bearing Balb/cJ mice (previously injected with the MOPC315.BM myeloma cell line), based on a chronic graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) murine model. Methods and results: Balb/cJ mice were injected intravenously with luciferase-transfected MOPC315.BM cells, and received 30 days later an allogeneic (B10.D2 donor) or autologous (Balb/cJ donor) transplantation by intravenous administration of bone marrow cells and splenocytes. We observed a graft-versus-myeloma effect in 94% of the allogeneic transplanted mice, as luciferase signal completely disappeared after transplantation, whereas all the autologous transplanted mice showed myeloma evolution. Lower serum paraprotein levels and myeloma infiltration in bone marrow and spleen in the allogeneic setting confirmed the observed GvM effect, while allogeneic mice also displayed chronic GvHD symptoms. In vivo and in vitro data suggest the involvement of effector memory CD4 and CD8 T cells in the GvM effect. The essential role of CD8 T cells was demonstrated in vivo where CD8 T-cell depletion of the graft resulted in reduced GvM effects. Finally, TCR V spectratyping analysis identified V families within CD4 and CD8 T cells which were associated with both GvM effects and GVHD, whereas other V families within CD4 T cells were associated exclusively with either GvM or GvHD responses. Conclusions: We successfully established an immunocompetent murine model of graft-versus-myeloma. This is the first immunocompetent murine model which is based on a MM model closely resembling human MM disease (bone marrow tropism, ...) and using allo-SCT after the disease establishment, as a curative treatmen

Cryopreservation of dog spermatozoa: Effect of bovine serum albumin on acrosomal integrity and pregnancy rates after artificial insemination

The objective of the present study was to compare the in vitro and in vivo profile of frozen dog semen with Tris-bovine serum albumin (TB) and Tris-egg yolk (TE) extenders. Twenty dogs were used as donors. Each dog was stimulated by penile massage and only the sperm-rich fraction was collected weekly until 40 ejaculates were obtained. After macroscopic and microscopic analysis, equal parts of each ejaculate were diluted with TB and TE by the one-step method at 37 °C. The semen was added to 0.5-mL French straws which presented normal characteristics before freezing and after thawing. Acrosomal integrity was evaluated by double Trypan blue-Giemsa staining, in which alive intact (LI), alive reacted (LR), dead intact (DI) and dead reacted (DR) spermatozoa, were identified by the time of thawing and up to 4 h of incubation at 39 °C, the TE being significantly superior to TB (P<0,01) in the LI and LR variables. The TB being significantly superior to TE (P<0,01) in the DR variable. Female dogs in natural heat were submitted to artificial insemination, 20 receiving TE-semen and 20 receiving TB-semen with the Osiris probe (IMV, L'Aigle, France) and the numbers indicate that TE was significantly better than TB (P<0,01) to pregnancy rate and number of puppies/delivery. We concluded from this study, that TE was better than TB, because this, induced an eady acrossome reaction in dog's sperm