Bio-activity of Xanthium strumarium extracts against tea mosquito bug, Helopeltis theivora

Laboratory and field experiments were conducted to study the antifeedant, repellent, ovicidal, longevity, anti-ovipositional properties and bio-efficacy of Xanthium strumarium extracts against adult tea mosquito bug, Helopeltis theivora. All the extracts exhibited significant bio-activity compared to control. The results were also compared with a commercial neem formulation, Azadirachtin. Among all the different solvent extracts, acetone extract recorded the highest antifeedant activity. The antifeedant activity possessed by this extract at 3 per cent concentration was significantly superior over azadirachtin at 5 per cent concentration. Fraction IV of silica gel column chromatography proved to be the most active fraction among those partitioned from the acetone extract by bioassay-guided separation. The extracts exhibited 86-99 per cent repellency at all tested concentrations. Fecundity, hatching of eggs and longevity of H. theivora were also significantly reduced with all the extracts, the highest being exhibited by the acetone extract. All the extracts exhibited promising bioactivity in reducing infestation of H. theivora in the field. Among all the tested extracts the acetone extract gave the highest significant efficacy

TMJ Ankylosis: Multidisciplinary Approach of Treatment for Dentofacial Enhancement—A Case Report

This report describes the multidisciplinary phasewise treatment of a 20-year-old female patient having unilateral right TMJ bony (true) ankylosis whose mouth opening was restricted to 2 mm and mandibular retrognathism; additionally, she was also suffering from speech problems, snoring, difficulty in breathing, and low level of self-esteem and self-confidence. Bilateral gap arthroplasty and temporalis myofascial graft interpositioning through preauricular approach were done in surgical phase followed by the aggressive jaw physiotherapy in postsurgical period. Oral prophylaxis and restorations were followed by the fixed orthodontic therapy to resolve bimaxillary protrusion. Advancement sliding genioplasty was performed to enhance the chin button. Speech therapy and psychological counseling were also performed from time to time to boost up the self-esteem and self-confidence. At the end of treatment, facial esthetics was improved considerably and patient got over the impact of disfigurement, impaired functions, and psychosocial stigma. Rationale to use the multidisciplinary team approach in treatment of such cases is discussed

Dulmage-Mendelsohn percolation: Geometry of maximally-packed dimer models and topologically-protected zero modes on diluted bipartite lattices

The classic combinatorial construct of {\em maximum matchings} probes the random geometry of regions with local sublattice imbalance in a site-diluted bipartite lattice. We demonstrate that these regions, which host the monomers of any maximum matching of the lattice, control the localization properties of a zero-energy quantum particle hopping on this lattice. The structure theory of Dulmage and Mendelsohn provides us a way of identifying a complete and non-overlapping set of such regions. This motivates our large-scale computational study of the Dulmage-Mendelsohn decomposition of site-diluted bipartite lattices in two and three dimensions. Our computations uncover an interesting universality class of percolation associated with the end-to-end connectivity of such monomer-carrying regions with local sublattice imbalance, which we dub {\em Dulmage-Mendelsohn percolation}. Our results imply the existence of a monomer percolation transition in the classical statistical mechanics of the associated maximally-packed dimer model and the existence of a phase with area-law entanglement entropy of arbitrary many-body eigenstates of the corresponding quantum dimer model. They also have striking implications for the nature of collective zero-energy Majorana fermion excitations of bipartite networks of Majorana modes localized on sites of diluted lattices, for the character of topologically-protected zero-energy wavefunctions of the bipartite random hopping problem on such lattices, and thence for the corresponding quantum percolation problem, and for the nature of low-energy magnetic excitations in bipartite quantum antiferromagnets diluted by a small density of nonmagnetic impurities.Comment: minor typos and errors fixed; further clarifications added. no substantive changes in result

Economics and yield performance of some short duration fruit and medicinal crops under agrisilvicultural system in rainfed uplands of Odisha

A field experiment was conducted during 2011-12 in an agrisilvicultural system consisting of two silvicultural species viz. Acacia mangium (mangium) and Gmelina arborea (gamhar) planted in 2000 at a spacing of 8m x 2m and four agricultural crops viz. Ananas comosus (pineapple), Aloe vera (aloevera), Andrographis paniculata(kalmegh) and Curcuma amada (mangoginger) were raised in the 1st week of July, 2011.The maximum volume increment were achieved by mangium with pineapple (16.53 m3/ha). Pineapple also registered the maximum fruit yield of 9981Kgha-1 under mangium and minimum under gamhar (9106 Kgha-1). The fresh leave yield of aloevera (8635Kg ha-1) was maximum under mangium which is statistically at par with gamhar. However, kalmegh recorded maximum dry plant yield of 1239 Kgha-1 under open condition followed by 1072 Kgha-1 under gamhar and 823 Kgha-1 under mangium. Similarly, mangoginger exhibited maximum rhizome yield of 3300 Kgha-1 under open condition followed by 1979 Kgha-1 under gamhar and 1597 Kgha-1 under mangium. The trend of crop yield under both the trees and open condition was: Pineapple >Aloevera>Mangoginger>Kalmegh. A. mangium with pineapple based agrisilvicultural system recorded the highest gross return, net return and BCR as compared to other agrisilvicultural systems and sole crops

Penetration of Projectiles in Composite Laminates

This paper deals with the prediction of the penetration phenomenon of a cylindro-conical impactor on the ke;labepoxy-laminated composites using C eight-nded serendipity q&drilateral finite elementbased on first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT). Local as well as global deformations during impact is considered in the evaluation of indentation, penetration, and perforation phases. Local strainsduring impact have been evaluated using the hypothesis made from the available experimental observations of bulging during penetration. A detailed parametric study, considering various projectilesand target plate variables, has been carried out to find their effect on the response of the plate, and ballistic parameters, such as ballistic limit and absorbed energy

Assessment of inter-population genetic diversity and preliminary evaluation of suitable clones of teak (Tectona grandis Linn. F.)

Productivity, uniformity and sustainability are the three important characters of the clonally propagated plants. With the increased use of clonal technology, the scarcity of wood products evidently decreased which has also led to reduced pressure on natural forests and ecosystem. However, the success of clonal technology rests on wise selection and deployment of suitable clones by studying the inter-population genetic diversity. The present study was conducted in a clonal seed orchard (CSO) of teak (Tectona grandis Linn. F.) comprising of 13 different clones to estimate the inter-clonal variation in terms of growth performance and genetic variability at 32 and 33 years of age. Clone ORANP2 exhibited maximum DBH (26.61cm), height (23.69 m), and stem volume (235.40 m3ha-1) with MAI of 7.133 m3ha-1year-1. The highest CAI of DBH (1.08 cm) and volume (18.558m3/ha) was reported in ORANP5 and ORANR3, respectively. The study found that clone ORANP2 is a superior genotype and thus can be recommended for vegetative multiplication and ex-situ mass planting in reforestation programmes. Both heritability and genetic advance values were low for all the plant traits studied (DBH, height and stem volume) indicating that these traits are of less use for a tree breeder for furthering the selection and breeding process on teak or other tropical hardwood species across globe

Attitude and Myths Towards Rape among Medical Students in Rajkot, India

Background: Violence against women takes many forms – physical, sexual, psychological and economic. Violence against women harms families and communities across generations and reinforces other violence prevalent in society. Rape myths encompass a set of (false) beliefs about rape that places the blame on the victim and not the perpetrator. Objective: to assess the prevailing attitudes on rape myths among the medical students. Methods: The study was conducted after taking informed consent among 346 undergraduate medical students of P D U Government Medical College, Rajkot, India from January to June, 2013 by using previously validated questionnaire using updated Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale. Results: The age range of 346 medical students was 17 to 23 years with 172 male and 174 female students. Total 24.4% male and 23% female students had very good positive attitude. One fourth of male and one fifth of female students had a more negative attitude. No relation was observed for rape myth acceptance among medical students for residential or socio-economic status. Conclusion: The present study provides insight to the prevalence of attitude and rape myths towards rape among medical students. Introduction of education on gender violence with introduction of courses on ‘sexual violence’ in medical curriculum may help to decrease rape incidence and for better management of victims

Study of management of postpartum hemorrhage and its complications

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is globally one of the most common causes of maternal death, especially in developing country like India. Pregnancy and childbirth involve significant health risks, even to women with no preexisting health problem. The objective of this study was to analyze the role of various interventions in the management of PPH and its complications.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology of Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. D Y Patil Medical college, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India. A total number of 80 cases of postpartum hemorrhage that fulfilled the selection criteria were included. Data collected and analyzed in PPH patients with medical and surgical management.Results: In present study, most of cases were multigravida (60%) and more than 50 percent of patients required blood and blood products. In present study, most of the postpartum bleeding or postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) cases managed by medical methods. Uterotonic drugs (42.5%) This was possible due to early identification and timely intervention.Conclusions: Active management of third stage of labour is recommended in all cases. Seventy percent cases were  managed by medical methods while rest of the cases required surgical management. Among the medical management uterotonic drugs and bimanual uterine compression was used while among the surgical methods repair of cervical and vaginal laceration was mostly required

Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (sTMS) for the acute treatment of migraine: evaluation of outcome data for the UK post market pilot program

BACKGROUND: Single pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (sTMS) is a novel treatment for acute migraine. Previous randomised controlled data demonstrated that sTMS is effective and well tolerated in the treatment of migraine with aura. The aim of the programme reported here was to evaluate patient responses in the setting of routine clinical practice. METHODS: Migraine patients with and without aura treating with sTMS had an initial review (n = 426) and training call, and then participated in telephone surveys at week six (n = 331) and week 12 during a 3-month treatment period (n = 190). RESULTS: Of patients surveyed with 3 month data (n = 190; episodic, n = 59; chronic, n = 131), 62 % reported pain relief, finding the device effective at reducing or alleviating migraine pain; in addition there was relief reported of associated features: nausea- 52 %; photophobia- 55 %; and phonophobia- 53 %. At 3 months there was a reduction in monthly headache days for episodic migraine, from 12 (median, 8–13 IQ range) to 9 (4–12) and for chronic migraine, a reduction from 24 (median, 16–30 IQ range) to 16 (10–30). There were no serious or unanticipated adverse events. CONCLUSION: sTMS may be a valuable addition to options for the treatment of both episodic and chronic migraine