Gas hydrates inhibition via combined biomolecules and synergistic materials at wide process conditions

The motive of this research to present a systematic study in context of implementation of gas hydrate inhibitors that are obtained via naturally occurring amino acids (L-Alanine, Glycine, L-Histidine, L-Phenylalanine and L-Asparagine). These materials are tested for methane (CH4) hydrate inhibition purposes from both thermodynamically and kinetically perspectives at wide process conditions. In this presented work, all studied amino acids have been tested at both 1 wt % as low dosage inhibitors as well as at higher concentrations up to 5 wt %. Furthermore, Polyethylene-oxide (PEO) and Vinyl Caprolactum (VCap) were used at 1 wt % in studied aqueous solutions as synergetic compounds to enhance the inhibition performance for CH4 hydrate inhibition. Gas hydrate experiments were carried out by using rocking cell apparatus, from which pressure, temperature equilibrium data were obtained at recorded time and these data were translated into inhibitor performance evaluation from both thermodynamics and kinetic inhibition perspectives. This study includes the discussions of the effect of solubility limitation of studied amino acids, the effect of inhibitor concentration effect on the thermodynamic shift of the hydrate equilibrium curve, the role of side chain in amino acids in kinetic hydrate inhibition, the hydrophobic interactions of alkyl chain in water for synergistic point of view. The results showed that the suitability of amino acids combined with synergistic materials for high kinetic inhibition performance, which provided an additional time shift up to 35 h in hydrate formation at moderate process conditions up to 55 bars, specifically when L-Alanine was used.This work was made possible by NPRP grant # 6-330-2-140 and GSRA # 2-1-0603-14012 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation). The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors.Scopu

CO₂ gas hydrate for carbon capture and storage applications – Part 2

CO2 hydrate offers some substantial applications for Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). While CO2 hydrate chemistry and CO2 capture are reviewed in part 1 of this review, CO2 transportation and storage are discussed in this part. Basically, CO2 transportation is required between CO2 capture plants and CO2 sequestration sites. It is imperative to acknowledge that most strategies for achieving deep decarbonization are linked to the expansion of the current transport infrastructure. When dealing with substantial distances between CO2 capture plants and CO2 sequestration sites, the expenses associated with CO2 transportation can surpass the capture process itself. Therefore, despite the benefits of CO2 hydrates in CCS, challenges, such as flow assurance issues, may arise. For example, CO2 hydrate formation can lead to pipeline blockages, emphasizing the need for CO2 gas hydrate flow assurance study as discussed in this part.Additionally, site selection for CO2 storage requires careful consideration. Geological storage, whether in hydrate form or through the injection of CO2 or high-CO2 content mixtures, offers potential advantages, such as long-term storage and self-sealing capabilities. However, there are some challenges like CO2 hydrate processes in porous media, injectivity, flow behaviour in hydrate reservoirs, mechanical behaviour, etc., which are discussed in this review

CO₂ gas hydrate for carbon capture and storage applications – Part 2

CO2 hydrate offers some substantial applications for Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). While CO2 hydrate chemistry and CO2 capture are reviewed in part 1 of this review, CO2 transportation and storage are discussed in this part. Basically, CO2 transportation is required between CO2 capture plants and CO2 sequestration sites. It is imperative to acknowledge that most strategies for achieving deep decarbonization are linked to the expansion of the current transport infrastructure. When dealing with substantial distances between CO2 capture plants and CO2 sequestration sites, the expenses associated with CO2 transportation can surpass the capture process itself. Therefore, despite the benefits of CO2 hydrates in CCS, challenges, such as flow assurance issues, may arise. For example, CO2 hydrate formation can lead to pipeline blockages, emphasizing the need for CO2 gas hydrate flow assurance study as discussed in this part.Additionally, site selection for CO2 storage requires careful consideration. Geological storage, whether in hydrate form or through the injection of CO2 or high-CO2 content mixtures, offers potential advantages, such as long-term storage and self-sealing capabilities. However, there are some challenges like CO2 hydrate processes in porous media, injectivity, flow behaviour in hydrate reservoirs, mechanical behaviour, etc., which are discussed in this review

CO2 Gas hydrate for carbon capture and storage applications – Part 1

Gas hydrates are solid crystalline compounds formed by water and gas molecules through molecular interactions, typically at low temperatures and high pressures. While gas hydrates are generally known as flow assurance challenges for the oil and gas industries (e.g., pipeline blockages), numerous studies have shown the potential application of gas hydrate in carbon capture and storage (CCS). Due to the more thermodynamic stability of CO2 hydrate compared to other industrial emission gas components like nitrogen, CO2 hydrates have emerged as a viable mechanism for CO2 capture. Moreover, a large volume of CO2 can be stored securely in the stable structure of gas hydrates, providing an additional benefit for CO2 storage in geological formations. Thus, gas hydrates can be suggested as a technology for mitigating CO2 emissions. Notwithstanding the CO2 hydrate advantages in CCS, they may also present some challenges, particularly in terms of flow assurance. For example, CO2 hydrate formation during CO2 transportation can cause a serious pipeline blockage. Therefore, the fundamental understanding of gas hydrates is crucial for CCS. In the first part of this review, the principle on gas hydrates (especially CO2 hydrates) and CO2 hydrate-based carbon capture are discussed

CO2 Gas Hydrate for Carbon Capture and Storage Applications – Part 1

Gas hydrates are solid crystalline compounds formed by water and gas molecules through molecular interactions, typically at low temperatures and high pressures. While gas hydrates are generally known as flow assurance challenges for the oil and gas industries (e.g., pipeline blockages), numerous studies have shown the potential application of gas hydrate in carbon capture and storage (CCS).Due to the more thermodynamic stability of CO2 hydrate compared to other industrial emission gas components like nitrogen, CO2 hydrates have emerged as a viable mechanism for CO2 capture. Moreover, a large volume of CO2 can be stored securely in the stable structure of gas hydrates, providing an additional benefit for CO2 storage in geological formations. Thus, gas hydrates can be suggested as a technology for mitigating CO2 emissions.Notwithstanding the CO2 hydrate advantages in CCS, they may also present some challenges, particularly in terms of flow assurance. For example, CO2 hydrate formation during CO2 transportation can cause a serious pipeline blockage. Therefore, the fundamental understanding of gas hydrates is crucial for CCS. In the first part of this review, the principle on gas hydrates (especially CO2 hydrates) and CO2 hydrate-based carbon capture are discussed

CO2 Gas hydrate for carbon capture and storage applications – Part 1

Gas hydrates are solid crystalline compounds formed by water and gas molecules through molecular interactions, typically at low temperatures and high pressures. While gas hydrates are generally known as flow assurance challenges for the oil and gas industries (e.g., pipeline blockages), numerous studies have shown the potential application of gas hydrate in carbon capture and storage (CCS). Due to the more thermodynamic stability of CO2 hydrate compared to other industrial emission gas components like nitrogen, CO2 hydrates have emerged as a viable mechanism for CO2 capture. Moreover, a large volume of CO2 can be stored securely in the stable structure of gas hydrates, providing an additional benefit for CO2 storage in geological formations. Thus, gas hydrates can be suggested as a technology for mitigating CO2 emissions. Notwithstanding the CO2 hydrate advantages in CCS, they may also present some challenges, particularly in terms of flow assurance. For example, CO2 hydrate formation during CO2 transportation can cause a serious pipeline blockage. Therefore, the fundamental understanding of gas hydrates is crucial for CCS. In the first part of this review, the principle on gas hydrates (especially CO2 hydrates) and CO2 hydrate-based carbon capture are discussed

CO₂Gas Hydrate for Carbon Capture and Storage Applications – Part 2

CO2 hydrate offers some substantial applications for Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). While CO2 hydrate chemistry and CO2 capture are reviewed in part 1 of this review, CO2 transportation and storage are discussed in this part. Basically, CO2 transportation is required between CO2 capture plants and CO2 sequestration sites. It is imperative to acknowledge that most strategies for achieving deep decarbonization are linked to the expansion of the current transport infrastructure. When dealing with substantial distances between CO2 capture plants and CO2 sequestration sites, the expenses associated with CO2 transportation can surpass the capture process itself. Therefore, despite the benefits of CO2 hydrates in CCS, challenges, such as flow assurance issues, may arise. For example, CO2 hydrate formation can lead to pipeline blockages, emphasizing the need for CO2 gas hydrate flow assurance study as discussed in this part.Additionally, site selection for CO2 storage requires careful consideration. Geological storage, whether in hydrate form or through the injection of CO2 or high-CO2 content mixtures, offers potential advantages, such as long-term storage and self-sealing capabilities. However, there are some challenges like CO2 hydrate processes in porous media, injectivity, flow behaviour in hydrate reservoirs, mechanical behaviour, etc., which are discussed in this review.<br/