Distance Estimation on Ultrasonic Sensor Using Kalman Filter

This research discusses about the distance estimation on ultrasonic sensor using Kalman Filter method. Accuracy level problem on ultrasonic sensor will be increased using Kalman Filter. Kalman Filter consists of two parts which are prediction and update. This research applies Kalman Filter method using Arduino Uno and Ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04. The test result compares the sensor data before and after Kalman Filter is applied. The test result of sensor value after given Kalman Filter depends on the value of noise sensor covariance matrix (R) and process noise covariance (Q). The best value of R and Q is 100 and 0.01. If the distance value between R and Q is too small, the filtering result will be invisible. In contrast, if the distance value between R and Q is too far, the filtering result could remove the original measured sensor data. In conclusion, applying Kalman Filter method in Ultrasonic sensor could estimate and increase the accuracy of sensor value up to 7%

Shear Bond Strength Comparison of Three Different Orthodontic Adhesives

Aim:The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the shear bond strengths (SBS) and fracture mode of three different orthodontic adhesive systems.Materials and Methods:Sixty bovine permanent mandibular incisor teeth were randomly divided into three groups of 20. All teeth were etched with 37 per cent phosphoric acid for 15 seconds, rinsed and air dried. Mandibular incisor brackets were bonded to the prepared enamel using three different adhesives (Eagle Bond, Transbond XT, and Resino-mer/OS+) and light cured. Bonded samples were thermocycled. Shear forces were applied to samples with a testing machine. Data obtained in megapascals were analyzed with descriptive statistics and with ANOVA and post Hoc Tukey multiple comparison test. The adhesive fracture site was classified with the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI).Results:SBS of Re-sinomer/OS+ was found to be statistically significantly greater than Eagle Bond and Transbond XT. The comparisons of the ARI scores between the three groups indicated that bracket failure mode was significantly different among groups (P<0.001). Bond failure occurred mostly at the adhesive-enamel interface for Resi-nomer/OS+, whereas in Eagle Bond and Transbond XT the failure site was within the adhesive.Conclusion:Resino-mer/OS+ exhibited a significantly higher SBS compared to the other two products; however enamel fractures were observed during debonding. Therefore, clinicians should be careful when removing bonded brackets with this adhesive

Four-dimensional generalized difference matrix and some double sequence spaces

In this study, I introduce some new double sequence spaces B(Mu), B(Cp), B(Cbp), B(Cr) and B(Lq) as the domain of four-dimensional generalized difference matrix B(r,s,t,u) in the spaces Mu, Cp, Cbp, Cr and Lq, respectively. I show that the double sequence spaces B(Mu), B(Cbp) and B(Cr) are the Banach spaces under some certain conditions. I give some inclusion relations with some topological properties. Moreover, I determine the α-dual of the spaces B(Mu) and B(Cbp), the β(ϑ)-duals of the spaces B(Mu), B(Cp), B(Cbp), B(Cr) and B(Lq), where ϑ∈{p,bp,r}, and the γ-dual of the spaces B(Mu), B(Cbp) and B(Lq). Finally, I characterize the classes of four-dimensional matrix mappings defined on the spaces B(Mu), B(Cp), B(Cbp), B(Cr) and B(Lq) of double sequences

Archaeogenetic analysis of Neolithic sheep from Anatolia suggests a complex demographic history since domestication

Sheep were among the first domesticated animals, but their demographic history is little understood. Here we analyzed nuclear polymorphism and mitochondrial data (mtDNA) from ancient central and west Anatolian sheep dating from Epipaleolithic to late Neolithic, comparatively with modern-day breeds and central Asian Neolithic/Bronze Age sheep (OBI). Analyzing ancient nuclear data, we found that Anatolian Neolithic sheep (ANS) are genetically closest to present-day European breeds relative to Asian breeds, a conclusion supported by mtDNA haplogroup frequencies. In contrast, OBI showed higher genetic affinity to present-day Asian breeds. These results suggest that the east-west genetic structure observed in present-day breeds had already emerged by 6000 BCE, hinting at multiple sheep domestication episodes or early wild introgression in southwest Asia. Furthermore, we found that ANS are genetically distinct from all modern breeds. Our results suggest that European and Anatolian domestic sheep gene pools have been strongly remolded since the Neolithic

Evaluation of in-pipe turbine performance for turbo solenoid valve system

This study is related to the newly developed and patented turbo solenoid turbine system. In this context, a numerical study was conducted on turbines with Darrieus, Gorlov and Lucid® configurations. As a result of the tests made on turbines with a NACA0018 aerofoil profile, the Lucid® turbine produced the highest moment and also highest pressure loss. Although a 10° twisted aerofoil Gorlov turbine produced 31.3% less moment than the Lucid® turbine, it also caused 51.4% less pressure loss. Also, it was observed that a Darrieus turbine with NACA0021 profile produced 1.5% less moment and 3.3% more pressure loss than a NACA0018 profile and turbine with NACA0015 profile, which produced 9% more moment and 1.4% more pressure loss than NACA0018. On the performance impact studies of the aerofoil twist angle, 20° twisted Gorlov turbines produced 19.1% more moment and 5.5% less pressure loss than a 10° twisted aerofoil turbine. Finally, a 20° twisted Gorlov turbine with NACA0015 aerofoil profile was analyzed. Following the studies, it was observed that the 20° twisted Gorlov turbine with NACA0015 aerofoil profile gave the best result by creating a 49.3% less pressure loss, in spite of only producing 4.7% less moment than the Lucid® turbine

Siçan testi?si?ndeki?i?skemi?-reperfüzyon hasari sonucu oluşan oksi?dati?f stres ve hi?stopatoloj?ik değ?işi?kli?kler üzeri?ne ketoprofeni?n koruyucu etk?i?i

Introduction: Testicular torsion is a common surgical emergency affecting newborns, children and adolescents. A possible cause of testicular injury is ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. In this study we evaluated the effect of ketoprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, on I/R injury due to testicular torsion-detorsion (T/D). Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight prepubertal male Wistar rats were divided into four groups each containing 7 rats: Group 1, control; Group 2, sham; Group 3, T/D; and Group 4, T/D+ketoprofen. Group 3 and 4 underwent 2 hours of left testicular torsion and 4 hours of detorsion. In Group 4, ketoprofen (5 mg/kg) was administrated intraperitoneally 60 minutes before detorsion. At the end of the study, bilateral orchiectomies were performed for measurement of MDA and NO levels and histopathologic examination. Results: Testicular torsion-detorsion significantly induced oxidative stress and tissue damage in both ipsilateral and contralateral testes. Administration of ketoprofen significantly lowered MDA level and improved histologic parameters of spermatogenesis in both testes. Conclusion: Ketoprofen has a protective effect on testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury due to testicular torsion/detorsion

Failure behavior of two parallel pinned/bolted composite joints

WOS: 000289387300013In this study, the failure behavior of two parallel pinned/bolted composite joints was investigated, experimentally. The laminated composite plates were produced from glass fibers and epoxy matrix. During the tests, various joint geometries and ply orientations were considered to decide the optimum joint geometry and suitable stacking sequence of the laminated composite plates for two parallel pinned/bolted joints. For these reasons, the distance from the free edge of the plate to hole diameter ratio (E/D) was changed from I to 5, the distance between two parallel holes to hole diameter ratio (K/D) was selected as 2 and 5, the distance from the lateral edge of the plate to hole diameter ratio (N/D) was taken as 2 and 3. The laminated plates were composed from 8 laminas to stuck onto together with three different orientations as [0 degrees(2) / 30 degrees(2)](s), [0 degrees(2) / 45 degrees(2)](s) and [0 degrees(2) / 6 degrees(2)](s). The experiments involved both pinned and bolted joint. Experimental results indicate that failure behaviors of pinned/bolted composite joints are strictly influenced from both orientations of laminated plates and geometrical parameters.Mustafa Kemal University [MKU-BAP (2007)-07.D0101]This project was supported by Mustafa Kemal University (Project No: MKU-BAP (2007)-07.D0101). The authors desire to express their thanks to Izoreel Firm personals, particularly Murat Eroglu, in Izmir-Turkey, for their effort during the producing of the composite materials and preparation of specimens