La rhodophycée Gelidium spinosum (S.G. Gmelin) P.C. Silva, des côtes de Monastir (Tunisie) : quelques éléments hydrobiologiques et potentialités en agar-agar

La rhodophycée Gelidium spinosum (S.G. Gmelin) P.C. Silva (Rhodophycées ; Gélidiales) a été étudiée pendant une année, depuis septembre 2000 jusqu’à août 2001, sur la côte de Monastir (Est de la Tunisie). Les résultats globaux obtenus montrent que le poids humide maximum (environ 37 g/individu) a été atteint en mai. La longueur maximale (environ 11 cm) a été enregistrée en juin. La biomasse maximale en poids humide (environ 7000 g/m2) a été obtenue en mai. Quant à la fertilité, elle a varié entre 0%(Mai) et 100% (Septembre, Juin, Juillet et Août). Concernant le rendement en agar, le maximum a été obtenu en avril (33.4 % du poids sec), La force de gel maximale a atteint environ 705 g.cm-² (juin). Le point de gélification et le point de fusion les plus élevés ont été obtenus respectivement en août (34.33°C) et septembre (94.33°C).Mots-clés : Gelidium spinosum, poids, longueur, biomasse, fertilité, agar-agar

Reflexiones jurídicas en torno al posible papel mediador de la Unión Europea en el contencioso de Gibraltar

En el presente trabajo se partirá de un análisis del estado de la cuestión sobre el contencioso entre España y Reino Unido por la soberanía del territorio y las aguas, así como el estatuto particularizado que ha tenido la aplicación del Derecho comunitario a raíz del Acta de Adhesión de Reino Unido a la Unión Europea, para intentar determinar hasta qué punto es aplicable un plan de mediación que hasta el momento actual se entendía asumible por la Unión. Tras el Brexit y el cambio de posicionamiento de la Unión se avecina un replanteamiento de los términos de todas las posibilidades de llegar a un acuerdo.This paper will be based on an analysis of the state of play on the issue of the dispute between Spain and the United Kingdom over sovereignty of the territory and waters, as well as the particular status of the application of Community law following the Act of Accession of the United Kingdom to the European Union, in order to try to determine to what extent a mediation plan, which until now was understood to be acceptable to the Union, is applicable. Following the Brexit and the change in the Union’s position, a rethinking of the terms of all the possibilities of reaching an agreement is approaching

Genetic Structure and Connectivity of the Red Mangrove at Different Geographic Scales through a Complex Transverse Hydrological System from Freshwater to Marine Ecosystems

Mangrove forests are ecologically and economically valuable resources composed of trees morphologically and physiologically adapted to thrive across a range of habitats. Although, mangrove trees have high dispersion capacity, complexity of hydrological systems may lead to a fine-scale genetic structure (FSGS). The Transverse Coastal Corridor (TCC) is an interesting case of hydrological systems from fresh to marine waters where mangrove forests dominate. We evaluated genetic diversity and structure of Rhizophora mangle across a range of hydrological conditions within the TCC using inter-simple sequence repeat molecular markers. Sampling included four hydrological systems, two localities inside each system, and fringe and dwarf trees. Genetic differentiation was evaluated at local (<100 km) and fine (<10 km) scales through a set of analyses, and genetic diversity was evaluated at all scale levels and between fringe and dwarf physiognomic types. Rhizophora mangle exhibited a high genetic structure at both scales with high genetic diversity. The genetic structure observed among hydrological systems likely reflects the historical dispersion of mangroves, whereas the FSGS reflect contemporary processes such as seed dispersal restriction, habitat fragmentation, and local water flow regimes. A higher genetic diversity for dwarf than for fringe trees and differentiation between both physiognomic types at a fine-scale were observed and discussed

Flood Control: How Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Can Help to Improve the Intestinal Barrier Function and Break the Gut–Joint Axis in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Many studies provided compelling evidence that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in the regulation of the immune response, acting as both enhancers and dampeners of the immune system, depending on the source and type of vesicle. Research, including ours, has shown anti-inflammatory effects of milk-derived EVs, using human breast milk as well as bovine colostrum and store-bought pasteurized cow milk, in !##!Review criteria!#!The search terms 'extracellular vesicles', 'exosomes', 'microvesicles', 'rheumatoid arthritis', 'gut-joint axis', 'milk', and 'experimental arthritis' were used. English-language full text papers (published between 1980 and 2021) were identified from PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The reference list for each paper was further searched to identify additional relevant articles

Similar prevalence of expanded CGG repeat lengths in the fragile X mental retardation I gene among infertile women and among women with proven fertility : a prospective study

Purpose:We sought to determine the usefulness of fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) carrier testing among young infertile women with or without signs of ovarian insufficiency as compared with fertile women.Methods:Three cohorts of women were recruited to determine the cytosine-guanine-guanine (CGG) repeats trinucleotide repeat length in the 5'-untranslated region of the FMR1 gene in lymphocyte DNA. A total of 199 fertile women, who were reported to have conceived within 3 months, were recruited together with 372 infertile women with ongoing menstrual cycles and 48 infertile women with primary ovarian insufficiency. The various ranges of FMR1 CGG repeat lengths among infertile women were compared with those of fertile controls. In infertile women with ongoing menstrual cycles, the serum concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone, anti-Muellerian hormone, and inhibin B were measured during the early follicular phase.Results:None of the three categories of FMR1 CGG repeat length expansions (premutation, intermediate range, and high normal range) were more prevalent among infertile women than among fertile women. The CGG repeat length was not correlated with any of the ovarian reserve parameters.Conclusion:In comparison with a generalized preconception screening strategy, infertility as a criterion, even together with reduced ovarian reserve, is not suitable for identifying a higher proportion of women with expanded FMR1 CGG repeat length.Genet Med advance online publication 10 October 2013Genetics in Medicine (2013); doi:10.1038/gim.2013.146