Cat-transmitted Sporotrichosis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Sporotrichosis is an emerging zoonosis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. From 1998 to 2003, 497 humans and 1,056 cats with culture-proven sporotrichosis were studied. A total of 421 patients, 67.4% with a history of a scratch or bite, reported contact with cats that had sporotrichosis

Development of composites based on a blend of recycled HDPE/post-consumer PET and bentonite clay

The recycling process is the best way to manage waste polymers. From an economic standpoint, more investigation is needed of the whole recycling process to enhance the competitiveness in these systems. A first step is improved interaction and interfacial adhesion of blends. Polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) are incompatible polymers, so their blends in general have poor properties. Compatibilization is thus a necessary step to obtain blends with good mechanical and barrier properties. In this work, blends of recycled (high density polyethylene) (HDPE) and post-consumer PET, with organophilic bentonite clay acting as compatibilization agent at the interface of the two polymers, were obtained. The proportions of HDPE/PET/bentonite (0, 5, 10 and 15% weight percentage of bentonite) were processed by extrusion. The processed materials were characterized regarding density (ASTM D792-13), melt flow index (MFI, ASTM D1238-13), hardness (ASTM D2240–10), infrared absorption spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated the occurrence of some compatibilization

Screening for depression in low-income elderly patients at the primary care level: use of the patient health questionnaire-2.

INTRODUCTION: Depression is one of the most common mental disorders and a leading cause of disability worldwide. It constitutes a serious public health problem, particularly among elderly individuals. Most depressed elderly patients are treated by primary care (PC) physicians. The "Patient Health Questionnaire" (PHQ-2) is an instrument used for the detection of depression in PC settings. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the performance of the PHQ-2 in a low-income and uneducated elderly PC population. METHODS: A non-probabilistic population sample of 142 individuals was selected from the healthcare unit's users ≧ 60 years. Criterion validity was assessed by estimating the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of the PHQ-2 in comparison with the structured interview using the DSM-IV. The estimates of sensitivity and specificity were obtained from varying cut-offs of the PHQ-2 score. A Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. RESULTS: The group was predominantly female (73.9%), with low education level (mean 3 years of schooling). The mean age was 72.5 years old. The prevalence of depression was 26.1%. The best values of sensitivity (0.74), specificity (0.77), PPV (0.50) e NPV (0.90) were obtained with score equal to 1. The AUC was 0.77, indicating a modest performance of the test accuracy. CONCLUSION: The simplicity of the PHQ-2 is an advantage for its use in PC. The high NPV indicated that 90% of those who tested negative would not need additional tests. However, the low PPV indicated that the PHQ-2 is not sufficient to screen for depression. The application of the instrument could be the first step of the screening, that would include a second step to all those with positive tests formerly

ROC curve of predictive logistic regression model for depression according to the scores of the PHQ – 2.

<p>ROC curve of predictive logistic regression model for depression according to the scores of the PHQ – 2.</p

Psychometric properties of the PHQ-2, by score cut-off.

<p>Psychometric properties of the PHQ-2, by score cut-off.</p

Characteristics of the study participants (N = 142).

<p>Characteristics of the study participants (N = 142).</p

Breast sporotrichosis

Submitted by Janaína Nascimento ([email protected]) on 2019-03-13T13:14:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Vasconcellos_Érica_etal_INI_2010.pdf: 89457 bytes, checksum: 97f1e8a42c97f8842c6fa6fc03e1e05b (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Janaína Nascimento ([email protected]) on 2019-03-18T12:23:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Vasconcellos_Érica_etal_INI_2010.pdf: 89457 bytes, checksum: 97f1e8a42c97f8842c6fa6fc03e1e05b (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-03-18T12:23:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Vasconcellos_Érica_etal_INI_2010.pdf: 89457 bytes, checksum: 97f1e8a42c97f8842c6fa6fc03e1e05b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Vigilância em Leishmanioses. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Vigilância em Leishmanioses. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Faculdade de Medicina. Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia e Oftalmologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Vigilância em Leishmanioses. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Vigilância em Leishmanioses. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Vigilância em Leishmanioses. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Vigilância em Leishmanioses. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Vigilância em Leishmanioses. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

Dinámicas espaciales de la incidencia del SIDA en adultos de edad avanzada en Río de Janeiro, Brasil, 1997-2011

Submitted by Regiane Silva ([email protected]) on 2018-08-29T19:46:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Spatial dynamics of AIDS incidence.pdf: 3140904 bytes, checksum: 231b5718a1ed19a88c521a7951bad1f7 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Regiane Silva ([email protected]) on 2018-09-11T16:43:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Spatial dynamics of AIDS incidence.pdf: 3140904 bytes, checksum: 231b5718a1ed19a88c521a7951bad1f7 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-11T16:43:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Spatial dynamics of AIDS incidence.pdf: 3140904 bytes, checksum: 231b5718a1ed19a88c521a7951bad1f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Medicina Social. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.A dinâmica de espalhamento da epidemia de AIDS varia segundo as características de cada região geográfica nos diferentes grupos populacionais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar tendências temporais e espaciais da epidemia de AIDS em idosos no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Estudo retrospectivo com técnicas de análise espacial, utilizando-se casos de AIDS (≥ 60 anos) diagnosticados de 1997-2011. O modelo de regressão de Poisson foi utilizado para acessar a relação entre ano diagnóstico e incidência de AIDS ajustada por sexo. A epidemia de AIDS começou no litoral sul do estado e, gradualmente, chegou às cidades vizinhas. As maiores taxas da doença foram encontradas em regiões em torno do Rio de Janeiro e Niterói. Em 2002-2006, na cidade de Niterói, foram observadas as maiores taxas suavizadas no período: 11,87/100 mil (homens) e 5,08/100 mil (mulheres). Os índices de AIDS em idosos têm estabilizado nas últimas décadas. Maior atenção deve ser dada ao grupo idoso para evitar a progressão da doença na população.The dynamics of the spread of the AIDS epidemic ranges according to the characteristics of each geographical region in different population groups. The aim of this study was to evaluate spatial and temporal trends of the AIDS epidemic among the elderly in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A retrospective study using spatial analysis techniques was conducted among AIDS cases (≥ 60 years) diagnosed from 1997-2011. The Poisson regression model was used to assess the relationship between year of diagnosis and incidence of AIDS, adjusted by sex. The AIDS epidemic began in the south coast of the state and gradually reached neighboring cities. The highest rates were found in regions around Rio de Janeiro and Niterói cities. The highest smoothed rates of the period were observed in Niterói in 2002-2006: 11.87/100,000 (men) and 8,5/100,000 (women). AIDS incidence rates among the elderly have stabilized in recent decades. To prevent HIV from spreading further among the general population, greater attention should be given to the older population.El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las tendencias espaciales y temporales de la epidemia del SIDA en los adultos de edad avanzada en el Estado de Río de Janeiro, Brasil. Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo de técnicas de análisis espacial, utilizando casos de SIDA (≥ 60 años) diagnosticados 1997-2011. El modelo de regresión de Poisson se utiliza para acceder a la relación entre año de diagnóstico y la incidencia del SIDA ajustada por sexo. La epidemia del SIDA comenzó en la costa sur del estado y, poco a poco, llegó a las ciudades aledañas. Se encontró que las tasas más altas de la enfermedad en las regiones que rodean Río de Janeiro y Niterói. En 2002-2006, en la ciudad de Niterói, hubo tasas más altas de la enfermedad suavizadas durante el período: 11,87/100.000 (hombres) y 8,5/100.000 (mujeres). Las tasas de SIDA en las personas mayores se han estabilizado en las últimas décadas. Se debe proporcionar una mayor atención al grupo de adultos de edad avanzada, con el fin de prevenir la progresión de la enfermedad en la población

Histopathology of cutaneous sporotrichosis in Rio de Janeiro: a series of 119 consecutive cases

Submitted by Janaína Nascimento ([email protected]) on 2019-03-13T13:41:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Quintella_Leonardo_etal_INI_2011.pdf: 919700 bytes, checksum: 969cde4d16b62ebf35d5ea0704843804 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Janaína Nascimento ([email protected]) on 2019-03-14T14:50:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Quintella_Leonardo_etal_INI_2011.pdf: 919700 bytes, checksum: 969cde4d16b62ebf35d5ea0704843804 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-03-14T14:50:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Quintella_Leonardo_etal_INI_2011.pdf: 919700 bytes, checksum: 969cde4d16b62ebf35d5ea0704843804 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas. Serviço de Anatomia Patológica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Epidemiologia Clínica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Dermatologia Infecciosa. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Dermatologia Infecciosa. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas. Serviço de Infectologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas. Serviço de Anatomia Patológica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Micologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Micologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho. Serviço de Anatomia Patológica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Vigilância em Leishmanioses. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Background: Sporotrichosis is the most common subcutaneous mycosis in Rio de Janeiro. Histopathological examination reveals diffuse granulomatous and suppurative dermatitis, and the fungus is rarely identifiable in tissue. We describe the histopathological features of cutaneous sporotrichosis, and investigate the association between them and the lack of visualization of the fungus. Methods: A total of 119 samples of confirmed sporotrichosis cases were studied. The characteristics of the inflammatory infiltrate, the presence of epidermal changes, necrosis and fibrosis, and the parasite burden were analyzed. The association between histopathological changes and the lack of visualization of the fungus was evaluated using prevalence ratios. Results: Granulomas were observed in all samples, suppurative granulomas in 100 (84%) and diffuse dermatitis in 114 (95.8%). Liquefaction and caseous necrosis were present in 78 (65.5%) and 52 (43.7%) samples, respectively. The fungus was not seen in 77 (64.7%) samples. Epithelioid, tuberculoid or foreign-body-type granulomas, caseous, fibrinoid or absent necrosis, predominance of lymphocytes among nonphagocytic cells and fibrosis were associated with the lack of visualization of the fungus. Conclusion: The histopathological characteristics of sporotrichosis were variable when the causative fungus was not seen. In a proper context, the diagnosis of sporotrichosis remains a potential consideration even in the absence of demonstrable yeast