Urban planning of tourism: regulation of touristic apartments in Madrid and Barcelona

Las importantes restricciones que el planeamiento urbano ha impuesto a las viviendas de uso turístico en las ciudades de Madrid y Barcelona imponen un examen de estas medidas desde el punto de vista de los principios de buena regulación económica, la libre prestación de servicios y la protección de los derechos fundamentales de ciudadanos en general y de propietarios de viviendas en particular.The important restrictions that the urban planning has imposed on the touristic apartments in the cities of Madrid and Barcelona impose an examination of these measures from the point of view of the principles of good economic regulation, the free provision of services and the protection of the fundamental rights of citizens in general and owners of housing in particular

Growth Impacts of the Exchange Rate and Technology

The aim of this paper is to assess whether the impacts of real exchange rate undervaluation and domestic technological capabilities on growth are stable across development levels. On the one hand, a real exchange undervaluation measure is constructed based on the purchasing-power-parity theory corrected by the Balassa-Samuelson effect. On the other hand, the index of technological specialization is used as a measure of domestic technological capabilities. Time-series-cross-section-growth regressions with development level interactions are used to test the stability of these variables’ growth impact. The results show that real undervaluation is a growth driver across all development levels, once technological capabilities are accounted for; however, it is more important for developing and developed countries than for emerging markets. The results also suggest that developing countries grow faster when they are globally competitive in low-technology manufacturing and natural-resource-intensive industries. This research attempts to explain the lack of significance found in previous studies of the growth impact of real undervaluation in middle-income countries by accounting for an explicit role for domestic technological capabilities in the development process

Venezuela’s case

The resource curse literature’s main lesson is that developing and natural resourcerich countries should save most of their oil windfalls in foreign currency. Moreover, the political cycle literature’s recent contributions predict stronger cycles in these countries. This paper investigates how political cycles might explain low oil windfall savings. Using Venezuela’s case, the paper argues that power concentration during periods of oil price explosiveness leads to increased public investment in prestige projects aimed at increasing the incumbent’s – or his party’s – re-election probabilities. The article backs the argument analyzing the Chavista democratic period of 1999- 2016. It also identifies parallels with Venezuela’s 1970-1988 period

La mediación como instrumento para la resolución extrajudicial de conflictos de consumo en el ámbito turístico

Las técnicas extrajudiciales de resolución de conflictos están popularizándose en los últimos años en diferentes sectores como mecanismos eficaces a la hora de ofrecer una solución económica, rápida y flexible a los problemas de los particulares y, al mismo tiempo, como forma de descargar de trabajo a Jueces y Tribunales. A lo largo de este estudio se expone el régimen jurídico de estos mecanismos, con especial referencia a la mediación, tanto en el ámbito europeo como interno, y centrando el objeto de análisis en los mecanismos de protección de los consumidores y usuarios. Partiendo de esta base, se examinan las circunstancias y problemática particular del sector turístico y se realizan algunas propuestas de mejora en relación a los instrumentos de mediación a disposición del turista para la defensa de sus derechos como consumidor.Alternative dispute resolution techniques have become popular in recent years in different sectors as efficient mechanisms to provide an inexpensive, fast and flexible solution to the problems of individuals and, at the same time, as a way to reduce workload of Judges and Courts. Throughout this study is presented the legal regime of these mechanisms, with special reference to mediation, both at the European and internal levels, and focusing the object of analysis on the mechanisms of protection of consumers and users. From this basis, the study examines the circumstances and particular problems of the tourism sector and make some improvement proposals on the mediation instruments available to the tourist for the defense of their rights as a consumer

Eficiencia y ahorro energético en edificios e instalaciones públicas: los contratos de rendimiento energético

La necesidad de estabilizar su presupuesto ha llevado a nume- rosas Administraciones públicas a buscar nuevas fórmulas que le permitan mejorar la eficiencia energética de sus edificios e instalaciones y reducir de este modo su fac- tura energética. El objeto del presente trabajo es analizar las posibilidades de contra- tación de que disponen las Administraciones públicas en relación a los suministros energéticos, prestando especial atención a los denominados “contratos de eficiencia energética” en el ámbito de los edificios públicos y del alumbrado exterior, así como a los adjudicatarios de estos contratos públicos, las llamadas “empresas de servicios energéticos (ESE)”.The need to stabilize its budget has led many public administrations to seek new ways to improve the energy efficiency of their buildings and facilities and thus reduce their energy bill. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the contracting possibilities available to public adminis- trations in relation to energy supplies, paying particular attention to the so-called “energy performance contracts” in the field of public buildings and outdoor lighting, as well as those awarded to these public contracts, so-called “energy service companies (ESCO)”

El nuevo decreto andaluz sobre viviendas particulares de uso turístico: análisis a la luz de la agenda europea para la economía colaborativa

Con ocasión del análisis del recientemente aprobado Decreto andaluz sobre viviendas particulares de uso turístico se van a poner de manifiesto las cuestiones más relevantes y polémicas de su régimen jurídico, haciendo una comparativa con aspectos destacados de otras regulaciones autonómicas en la materia, poniendo de relieve las principales novedades pero también las ausencias más destacadas de la norma andaluza, y todo ello interpretado conforme a la también recientemente aprobada “Agenda europea para la economía colaborativa”, documento esencial para conocer la opinión de la Unión Europea sobre estas actividades y, fundamentalmente, sobre los nuevos mecanismos de intermediación online en el sector turístico

Protection and promotion of social and labor rights by the fourth generation of european directives on public procurement: its incorporation into the spanish legal system

La consagración definitiva de la contratación pública socialmente responsable por las directivas europeas de cuarta generación, así como su desarrollo y potenciación por el legislador español, plantean el reto de armonizar dos de los principios fundamentales de la Unión Europea: el libre mercado y el progreso social de los ciudadanos europeos, además de demandar una reinterpretación respecto de los parámetros clásicos del principio de eficiencia en el gasto público.The definitive consecration of socially-responsible public procurement by the fourth generation of European Directives, as well as their development and empowerment by the Spanish legislator, poses the challenge of harmonizing two of the fundamental prin- ciples of the European Union: free market and progress of European citizens, in addition to demanding a reinterpretation of the classic parameters of the principle of efficiency in pub- lic spendin

Vertical spillovers in spatial econometrics

93 páginas.Tesis doctoral (Lectura 29/10/2020). Director: Antonio Aníbal Golpe Moya. Tribunal: Raúl Ramos Lobo (presidente); María Concepción Román Díaz (secretaria); M. Begoña Cueto Iglesias (vocal). Spatial econometrics has studied and analyzed the horizontal interactions that take place between different geographic locations. The proximity between two locations makes them behave more similarly than those locations that are further away. The development of this literature has been possible, in part, due to the increase in disaggregated data at the geographical level. This disaggregation also allows us to have data at different geographic scales (i.e., provinces, regions, and countries), ending in nested data sets. This nested nature of the data allows and generates the need to take into account the possible vertical spillovers that occur when a higher scale can influence the lower scales, for example, countries that influence their regions. In recent years, some authors have proposed different models that allow the inclusion of both types of interactions, vertical and horizontal. However, the literature and the empirical applications are still scarce. For this reason, this thesis tries to empirically analyze these models and to develop new models that allow progress in the inclusion of vertical spillovers in the field of spatial econometrics. Through applications in the sensitivity of the regions to the economic cycle, self-employment, cigarette consumption and the productivity of the European countries and regions, different proposed models are analyzed, such the dynamic spatial econometrics model with common factors and hierarchical spatial econometrics models. Chapter 2 analyze which regions are more sensitive to aggregate fluctuations, finding a pattern for Spain where the most sensitive regions are on the Mediterranean coast. Chapter 3 analyzes the spatial dynamics of self-employment in the United States, finding a relationship between high self-employment clusters and sensitivity to the national cycle. In chapter 4 and 5, cigarette consumption in the Spanish provinces is analyzed and the price is modelled as a common national factor, finding heterogeneity in the behaviour of the provinces. Finally, Chapter 6 develops an HSD model of spatial econometrics in a hierarchical context and is applied to analyze the production of European regions and the influence of countries on them

El nuevo decreto andaluz sobre viviendas particulares de uso turístico. Análisis a la luz de la agenda europea para la economía colaborativa

Con ocasión del análisis del recientemente aprobado Decreto andaluz sobre viviendas particulares de uso turístico se van a poner de manifiesto las cuestiones más relevantes y polémicas de su régimen jurídico, haciendo una comparativa con aspectos destacados de otras regulaciones autonómicas en la materia, poniendo de relieve las principales novedades pero también las ausencias más destacadas de la norma andaluza, y todo ello interpretado conforme a la también recientemente aprobada “Agenda europea para la economía colaborativa”, documento esencial para conocer la opinión de la Unión Europea sobre estas actividades y, fundamentalmente, sobre los nuevos mecanismos de intermediación online en el sector turístico