Video Resolution Enhancement using DWT, SWT and CLAHE

One of an image details which has been always an vital concern in various image and video-processing applications, such as video resolution enhancement, feature extraction, and satellite image resolution enhancement is resolution. In recent advances Video Resolution enhancement has been envisioned to help in numerous applications and has turned out to be a hot research area. This opens up several technical challenges and immense application possibilities. The paper describes the three main categories - Contrast limited adaptive histogram equalisation (CLAHE), Discrete Wavelet Transform(DWT), Stationary Wavelet Transform(SWT). DWT uses filter for building the multi-resolution. SWT is an extension of the Standard Discrete Wavelet Transform to enhance the general details of an image. This study presents a novel resolution enhancement methods with future research are

Research Travelogue on Applications of Augmented Reality

Augmented reality (AR) is an interactive experience of a real-world environment where the objects that reside in the real world are enhanced by computer-generated perceptual information, sometimes across multiple sensory modalities, including visual, auditory, haptic, somatosensory and olfactory.AR can be defined as a system that incorporates three basic features: a combination of real and virtual worlds, real-time interaction, and accurate 3D registration of virtual and real objects. This paper aims to provide an overview of current technologies and implementations of augmented reality as well as to describe the main application domains and outlining benefits. It also briefly describes about the powerful real time implementations of augmented reality and also its benefits

Association of Chlamydia pneumoniae IgG and IgA antibody in coronary artery disease

Background:Cardiovascular disease, resulting from atherosclerosis, is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Classical risk factors explain much of the attributable risk for cardiovascular events, but other risk factors for the development and progression of atherosclerosis, which can be identified, may be important therapeutic targets. Infectious agents, such as Chlamydia pneumoniae, have been proposed as contributory factors in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The present study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of C. pneumoniae antibodies and to study the association of chronic C. pneumoniae infection with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD).Methods:The study group included 90 angiographically proven CAD patients and age and sex matched 90 normal coronaries as control group. With total aseptic precaution 3 ml blood was collected. Enzyme linked immunosorbant assay was performed for all subjects to detect the presence of IgG and IgA antibodies to Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cp).  Results:IgG and IgA Cp antibodies were detected in 67.8% and 58.9% CAD patients compared to 45.6% and 11.1%   controls. IgG + IgA Cp antibodies were detected in 88.9% CAD patients when compared to 50.0% controls. Seroprevalence of IgG and IgA Cp antibodies were high among CAD patients compared to controls and was found statistically significant. A significant presence of Chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies was detected in smokers, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.  Conclusion:In the present study, the seroprevalence of IgG and IgA Cp antibodies was found to be higher in CAD patients compared to controls. The present study supports the   association between Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and Coronary artery disease.

LaQshya- an uphill climb: a review of implementation of LaQshya programme at a tertiary centre in Chennai

LaQshya- labour room quality improvement initiative, a National Quality Assurance Programme was launched by the National Health Mission, Government of India in 2017 for improving the quality of services provided at the time of delivery and immediate post-partum period. The programme has been implemented at the Institute of Social Obstetrics, Government Kasturba Gandhi Hospital for women and children from the year 2019. A plethora of changes have been brought about at the legendary institution since then. A retrospective programme review of the changes brought about at the Institute of Social Obstetrics, Government Kasturba Gandhi Hospital for Women and Children in the dimensions described under the LaQshya program i.e.; structural improvement and process improvement and henceforth a comparison of the various outcome as key performance indicators before and after the implementation of the programme. The quality of Institute of Social Obstetrics Government Kasturba Gandhi Hospital started at the bottom with 40%, under the guidance of LaQshya has improved to an astounding 93% making us the proud bearers of the prestigious platinum badge which was evident with the obvious improvement in various outcome indicators.  Despite the implementation, LaQshya was an uphill trudge, to break old habits and restrain into new norms and guidelines, the results as mentioned proved to be a beautiful view at the end of the climb. LaQshya is indeed a boon not only to the mothers benefiting from it but also to the service provider as a tool to be a better health care personnel

Survey on Faster Region Convolution Neural Network for Object Detection

Convolution Neural Networks uses the concepts of deep learning and becomes the golden standard for image classification. This algorithm was implemented even in complicated sights with multiple overlapping objects, different backgrounds and it also successfully identified and classified objects along with their boundaries, differences and relations to one another. Then comes Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks(R-CNN)which is further more described into two types that is Fast R-CNN and Faster R-CNN. This R-CNN method is to use selective search to extract only 2000 regions from the image and cannot be implemented in real time as it would take 47 sec approximately for each test image. Then comes the fast R-CNN in which changes are made to overcome the drawbacks in R-CNN algorithm in which the 2000 region proposals are not fed to the CNN instead the image is fed directly to the CNN to generate Convolutional feature map. This was then replaced by faster R-CNN which came up with an object detection algorithm that eliminates the selective search algorithm to perform the operation. This algorithm takes 0.2 sec approximately for the test image and we will be using this for real time object detection.So, basically in this paper we are doing research on Faster R-CNN that is being used for object detection method

Isolation, Purification, and Characterization of Fungal Laccase from Pleurotus sp.

Laccases are blue copper oxidases (E.C. 1.10.3.2 benzenediol: oxygen oxidoreductase) that catalyze the one-electron oxidation of phenolics, aromatic amines, and other electron-rich substrates with the concomitant reduction of O2 to H2O. They are currently seen as highly interesting industrial enzymes because of their broad substrate specificity. A positive strain was isolated and characterized as nonspore forming Basidiomycetes Pleurotus sp. Laccase activity was determined using ABTS as substrate. Laccase was purified by ionexchange and gel filtration chromatography. The purified laccase was a monomer showed a molecular mass of 40 ± 1 kDa as estimated by SDS-PAGE and a 72-fold purification with a 22% yield. The optimal pH and temperature were 4.5 and 65°C, respectively. The Km and Vmax values are 250 (mM) and 0.33 (μmol/min), respectively, for ABTS as substrate. Metal ions like CuSO4, BaCl2, MgCl2, FeCl2, ZnCl2 have no effect on purified laccase whereas HgCl2 and MnCl2 moderately decrease enzyme activity. SDS and sodium azide inhibited enzyme activity, whereas Urea, PCMB, DTT, and mercaptoethanol have no effect on enzyme activity. The isolated laccase can be used in development of biosensor for detecting the phenolic compounds from the effluents of paper industries

Evaluation of hyperglycaemic risk of atorvastatin: a dose dependent study on hyperlipidaemic rats

Background: Statins (β-hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors) are the most prescribed medications worldwide to treat hyperlipidaemia with a proven ability to reduce major cardiovascular events. Recent data have revealed that statin therapy is associated with an increased risk for developing diabetes. The risk was most significant in patients taking atorvastatin, rosuvastatin and simvastatin.Methods: Rats were divided into 3 groups, each comprising of 6 rats. Hyperlipidaemia was induced in all the animals after feeding with high fat diet for 15 days. Rats of groups 1, 2 and 3 were given atorvastatin 1.8 mg/kg (low-dose), 3.6 mg/kg (moderate-dose) and 7.2 mg/kg (intensive-dose) respectively orally for 60 days. 12 hours fasted blood samples were collected and analyzed for serum lipid profile, fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels.Results: The percentage increase in plasma blood glucose after 60 days of treatment in groups 1, 2, and 3 is 29.93%, 60.03% and 72.42% respectively and the variation in all the groups is statistically significant, p<0.0001. Regarding HbA1c values, the variation in low-dose group is statistically insignificant whereas the percentage increase in moderate-dose and intensive-dose groups is 19.45% (p<0.001) and 43.37% (p<0.0001) respectively.Conclusions: In conclusion, there is significant increase in blood glucose and HbA1c levels leading to new-onset diabetes in both moderate-dose and intensive-dose groups. The risk is more in intensive-dose group when compared to moderate-dose group

A review on the current drugs and new targets for obesity

Obesity is defined as the condition in which the Body Mass Index (BMI) of an individual is between 25 and 29.5 that is ≥30kg/m2 and is caused by the imbalance management of energy intake and expenditure. Obesity is among the most prevalent diseases in the world and approximately over 10% of the people belong to overweight group in the world and over 5% in India.&nbsp; Currently many drugs are used to treat or to manage obesity. But these drugs also account for several side effects. So there is an extensive need of promising drugs which can control obesity with greater efficacy and economic viability. This review focusses on the current drugs in the market used to treat obesity and also few of the new probable targets to discover drug