Epidemiological control for influenza pandemic in Kharkov, Ukraine

Background: In April 2009, a novel strain of influenza A H1N1 was identified from Mexico and the United States. The H1N1 pandemic has highlighted the treat of emerging viral pathogens to global health. Aim and tasks: We reviewed epidemiological feathers of influenza A H1N1 and the effectiveness of the preventive and anti-epidemic measures in the pandemic influenza 2009-2010 in the industrial region of 2.782 min population to determine potential lessons for public health action. Materials and methods: We reviewed Kharkiv surveillance reports for influenza. Results: In pre-epidemic period the sanitary-epidemiological service of Kharkiv has developed and implemented a comprehensive plan to control the influenza outbreak. Increasing of the incidence in the season 2009-2010 began earlier than usual in October 2010. The maximum level of incidence of influenza and acute respiratory infections (ARI) in Kharkiv was registered on the 52-nd week of the year and it was 31,4 per 10 thousand of population. Vulnerable groups included pregnant women, patients with morbid obesity and those with chronic respiratory disease. Because of the timely introduction of restrictive measures in schools and out-of-school institutions, the incidence of influenza and ARI exceeded the epidemic thresholds among the school-age children only on the 51st and 52nd weeks of the year. Somatic hospitals of the city have been restructured to provide qualified medical care of cases of influenza and ARI with severe disease and complications and to treat pregnant women. Carrying out other organizational-methodical, preventive and anti-epidemic measures helped to limit the epidemic spread of the influenza A H1N1 virus in Kharkiv, where the incidence of influenza in this period was several times lower in the Ukraine. Conclusions: The organizational, methodological work of public health surveys and preventive and anti-epidemic measures have gave the possibility to prevent epidemic spread of influenza and ARI in Kharkiv. These lessons for public health action improved timely the understanding of the characteristics and impact of the pandemic. Such measures can be implemented in other areas of the country

On the possibility of an Eley-Rideal mechanism for ammonia synthesis on Mn6N5+x (x=1)-(111) surfaces

Recently we reported an Eley–Rideal/Mars–van Krevelen mechanism for ammonia synthesis on cobalt molybdenum nitride (Co3Mo3N). In this mechanism hydrogenation of activated dinitrogen occurs directly from the gas phase in a low barrier step forming a hydrazinylidene intermediate [double bond, length as m-dash]NNH2. In this paper we study whether such a mechanism of ammonia synthesis could occur on the (111) surface of another metal nitride, Mn6N5+x (x = 1), as this would explain the low-T ammonia synthesis activity of Co3Mo3N. We find that although N2 adsorbs more strongly than H2 on the (111) surface, having also examined the (110) and the (100) surface, N2 is not significantly activated when adsorbed in an end-on configuration. The hydrogenation reactions via an Eley–Rideal mechanism are all high barrier processes (>182 kJ mol−1) and therefore an Eley–Rideal mechanism for ammonia synthesis is predicted to not occur on this material unless there are high temperatures. Our study indicates that the fact that an Eley–Rideal/Mars–van Krevelen mechanism occurs on Co3Mo3N is a result of the stronger activation of dinitrogen at nitrogen vacancies when dinitrogen is adsorbed in an end-on configuration

Communicative practices of territory promotion as a resource for sustainable development of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation

Sustainable development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, increasing their investment attractiveness is due to the need to form a modern infrastructure, innovative transformations in the economy and social sphere, as well as the implementation of effective investment projects and their information and communication promotion. Strategic goals of sustainable development of territories at all levels, improving the quality of life of the population at the moment actualized the need for a comprehensive analysis of a specific subject of the Russian Federation. Thus, the research carried out by the authors of the article made it possible to identify vectors for creating an open communication environment for positioning the Voronezh Region as a territory with sustainable development; to analyze successful communication practices in which a special place is given to issues of increasing the investment attractiveness of the region, that is, creating economic and social changes that contribute to the inflow of investments, strengthening the scientific and technical potential of the territory, creating a modern comfortable environment for residents. The article states. that investment projects should be calculated as points of growth, and the analysis of the investment attractiveness of the region implies a comprehensive study based on the establishment of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the region, as well as a reasoned assessment of not only the current state of the subject of the Russian Federation, but also the prospects for its development